苹果iOS游戏中心应用开发实战

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"《编写苹果游戏中心应用程序》是由Vandad Nahavandipoor编写的，专注于教读者如何在iOS平台上利用GameKit框架整合Game Center功能。这本书通过18个具体的食谱，提供了实现排行榜、用户认证、成就、多人游戏等特性的方法。书中详细讨论了每个食谱的工作原理，帮助开发者快速将代码应用到实际项目中。" 《编写苹果游戏中心应用程序》深入介绍了如何利用Game Center提升iPhone和iPad应用的游戏体验。Game Center是苹果为iOS SDK引入的一个框架，允许开发者构建社交和竞技元素，增强玩家互动。该书内容涵盖以下关键知识点： 1. **GCD和Block对象**：学习如何使用Grand Central Dispatch (GCD)和Block对象来优化Game Center应用程序的性能和响应性。 2. **Game Center账户创建**：理解如何为玩家创建Game Center账户，以及如何添加好友，促进玩家之间的社交互动。 3. **iOS应用的Game Center集成**：详述如何在应用中设置Game Center，包括导入Game Kit框架和实现本地玩家的认证。 4. **使用iTunes Connect**：通过iTunes Connect创建排行榜和成就，这是Game Center的重要组成部分，可以激励玩家完成更多挑战。 5. **编程获取信息**：掌握如何程序化地检索排行榜和成就信息，以便在游戏中动态展示。 6. **多玩家游戏支持**：学习如何实现匹配机制和处理多玩家游戏中的玩家状态变化，这对于构建竞技性游戏至关重要。 7. **UI展示**：了解如何设计和显示排行榜和成就界面，提供玩家友好的用户体验。此外，书中还涉及了错误处理、性能优化和最佳实践等方面，旨在帮助开发者充分利用Game Center提供的各种工具和API，打造引人入胜的移动游戏体验。通过本书，读者将能够为自己的iOS游戏添加丰富的社交特性，提高玩家的参与度和黏性，进一步推动游戏的市场表现。无论你是经验丰富的iOS开发者还是初学者，都能从中获得宝贵的实战经验。

In addition to passing inline block objects to other methods, it is important that you

also learn how to write methods that accept and work with inline block objects passed

as parameters. Let’s say we have an Objective-C method, sumOf:plus:, which will take

in two parameters of type NSInteger, calculate the sum, and return a 64-bit value of

type long long. This Objective-C method itself will then call a block object that will

calculate the sum and return the result. Here is how we can implement this:

long long (^sum)(NSInteger, NSInteger) =

^(NSInteger value1, NSInteger value2){

return (long long)(value1 + value2);

};

- (long long) sumOf:(NSInteger)paramValue1

plust:(NSInteger)paramValue2{

return sum(paramValue1, paramValue2);

}

Block objects are executed just like C procedures and functions. In the case of the

sum block object that we had before, we can execute it easily as shown here, inside an

Objective-C method:

int (^sum)(int, int) = ^(int value1, int value2){

return value1 + value2;

};

- (int) calculateSumOfTwoNumbersUsingBlockObjects:(int)number1

secondNumber:(int)number2{

return sum(number1, number2);

}

The calculateSumOfTwoNumbersUsingBlockObjects:secondNumber: Objective-C method

calls the sum block object and passes the return value of the block object to the calling

code. Are you starting to see how simple block objects are? I suggest that you start

writing a few block objects in your Xcode projects to just get used to the syntax. I am

quite aware that the syntax of a block object is not exactly desirable as far as

Objective-C developers are concerned, but once you learn the power that block objects

have to offer, you will most likely forget this difficulty in constructing them and instead

focus on the advantages.

One of the most important advantages to block objects is that they can be used inline

and, as a result, passed to other methods as parameters. For example, if we want to

sort an instance of NSMutableArray in an ascending fashion, we could use the

sortUsingComparator: method of the NSMutableArray class as shown here. This method

accepts a block object with two parameters and returns a value of type NSComparison

Result. Because sortUsingComparator: accepts a block object as a parameter, we can

use it for any kind of data and adjust the sorting method as appropriate.

1.1 Introducing GCD and Block Objects | 3

With GCD, Apple decided block objects were the perfect match for what they wanted

to achieve: simplicity in developing multithreaded applications on single or multicore

devices. Think of GCD as a controller object. A controller of what, you might ask? A

controller of a big pool of threads placed in dispatch queues. Dispatch queues are simply

a queue of tasks submitted by the system or by the developer. The tasks will get executed

in the threads, as managed by GCD. So when we talk about dispatch queues, just think

of a queue of tasks.

At the heart of GCD are some global concurrent queues, which can be accessed using

the dispatch_get_global_queue function like so:

dispatch_queue_t dispatchQueue =

dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_LOW, 0);

The first parameter to the method is the priority of the dispatch queue. The second

parameter to the method is reserved and currently should always be set to 0. The higher

the priority of the queue, the faster the tasks inside it get executed (ideally). For the

first parameter, you can pass any of the following values:

DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_HIGH

Tasks inside this queue will get executed with the highest priority.

DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT

Tasks in this queue get executed after the high priority tasks and before the tasks

with low priority.

DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_LOW

Tasks inserted in a queue with low priority will get executed with a priority lower

than the high and medium priority tasks.

DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND

Tasks inside this queue will be scheduled at the lowest priority available to the

system.

In addition to the global concurrent queues, you can also use the main queue. Each

application has at most one main queue. The difference between the main queue and

the global concurrent queues is that the main queue always executes your code on the

main thread, whereas the global concurrent queues will execute your code, depending

on a decision made by the system, on various other threads created and managed by

GCD.

In order to retrieve your application’s main queue, you must use the

dispatch_get_main_queue function like so:

dispatch_queue_t mainQueue = dispatch_get_main_queue();

/* Dispatch tasks to the queue */

1.1 Introducing GCD and Block Objects | 5

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