没有合适的资源?快使用搜索试试~ 我知道了~
首页计算机专业英语阅读与沟通教程
计算机专业英语阅读与沟通教程
需积分: 0 1 下载量 104 浏览量
更新于2024-07-28
1
收藏 5.24MB PDF 举报
"这是一本关于计算机专业英语的教程,旨在帮助读者提升在计算机领域的英语阅读和沟通能力。教程由钟民王和轩张担任主编,科林·坎贝尔负责语言编辑,出自云南大学国家软件试点学校。内容涵盖了计算机在我们生活中的应用、计算机基础知识、硬件组成、软件类型以及网络基础等多个方面,并配有术语解释、练习题和拓展阅读材料,以加深理解和应用。" 本书分为五个部分,每个章节深入浅出地介绍了计算机领域的核心概念: 第一部分是“计算机英语阅读”,第一章“计算机在我们的生活中”探讨了计算机的历史发展以及其在现代社会中的广泛应用,列举了一系列相关术语和表达,并提供了练习题以检验学习效果,还有进一步的阅读推荐,帮助扩展知识面。 第二章“计算机基础”概述了计算机的基本构造,包括整体概览和外围设备,如输入输出设备等,同样提供了术语表和练习题,帮助读者掌握计算机的基本组成。 第三章“计算机硬件”详细讲解了个人电脑的组成部分,如CPU、存储设备和输入输出设备,让读者了解硬件的工作原理和功能。 第四章“计算机软件”则深入到软件层面,区分了程序与软件,阐述了系统软件和应用软件的区别,讲解了编程语言、文件管理和软件工程的基本概念,还涉及项目管理,帮助读者理解软件开发的全貌。 最后一部分第五章“网络基础”介绍了个人计算机如何连接到网络,以及网络的基本概念,使读者对计算机网络有初步的认识。 通过这个教程,读者不仅可以提高专业英语水平,还能系统地学习计算机科学的基础知识。每章的术语表和练习题设计得既实用又具有挑战性,鼓励读者积极参与,提升自己的专业技能。而拓展阅读部分则为那些希望深入研究特定主题的读者提供了宝贵的资源。
资源详情
资源推荐
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/4430764/bg10.jpg)
15
Figure 1.22 A census machine, utilizing punched card (From “Wikipedia”)
Memory is the physical device that is used to store information as data or programs for use
in an electronic digital computer. It is electronically created by special memory chips
mounted on the system board.
Program is a sequence of steps to be completed in order to achieve a goal. It is the
instruction for a computer.
Programming language is an artificial language that can be used to control the behavior of
a computer. Programming languages, like natural languages, are defined by syntactic and
semantic rules which describe their structure and meaning respectively. Many
programming languages have some form of written specification of their syntax and
semantics.
Computer programmer (Software developer) is someone who programs computers, that is,
one who writes computer program.
Binary numbering system is a two-state system of numbers. It contains binary numbers 1
and 0.
Binary numbers is 1 or 0 in the binary system of data representation in computer systems.
Vacuum tube is a device usually consisting of a sealed glass and metal-ceramic enclosure
that is used in electronic circuitry to control a flow of electrons.
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/4430764/bg11.jpg)
16
Figure 1.23 Structure of a vacuum tube diode (From “Wikipedia”)
Figure 1.24 Structure of a vacuum tube triode (From “Wikipedia”)
Figure 1.25 An RCA 12AX7 dual-triode tube (From “Wikipedia”)
Transistor is a semiconductor device for amplifying, controlling, and generating electrical
signals. It is the component of integrated circuit (or microchip) and embedded in almost
everything electronic.
Integrated circuit (IC or microchip) is collection of electrical circuits etched on tiny
squares, or chips, of silicon about 33/4 centimeters square.
Large-scale integration (LSI) pack thousands of transistors, diodes, and resistors onto a
silicon chip less than 5 mm square.
Very-large-scale integration (VLSI) is the term used for integrated circuits manufactured
with technology that makes it possible to fit hundreds of thousands of components, such as
transistors, on a single integrated circuit, or microchip. Some of the components on some
VLSI microchips may be so small that they cannot be seen without a microscope.
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/4430764/bg12.jpg)
17
Ultra-large-scale integration (ULSI) is the term used for integrated circuits manufactured
with technology that makes it possible to fit over 100,000 components, such as transistors,
on a single integrated circuit, or microchip. All components on a ULSI microchip are so
small they cannot be seen without a microscope.
Microprocessor is a electronic circuit that functions as the central processing unit (CPU) of
a computer, providing computational control. Microprocessor is also used in other
advanced electronic systems, such as computer printer, automobile, and jet airliner.
CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the processor controls and manipulates data to produce
information. It is usually contained on a single integrated circuit or chip called a
microprocessor. This chip and other components that make computer work are mounted on
a circuit board called a motherboard (system board). More powerful computers have many
processors.
Keyboard is a input hardware device that uses standard typewriter keys plus a number of
specialized keys to input data and issue commands.
Monitor is a device connected to a computer that displays information on a screen.
Floppy-disk is a computer device used to store data. Depending on its capacity, such a disk
can hold from a few hundred thousand to over one million bytes of data.
Figure1.26 Floppy-disk
Personal computer (PC) is a computer designed for use by only one person at a time. A
personal computer is a type of microcomputer. It is generally low-cost machines that can
perform most of the functions of larger computers.
Terms and Expressions for Section 1.2
Barcode is a machine-readable representation of information. Originally, barcodes stored
data in the widths and spacings of printed parallel lines, but today they also stored data in
dots, concentric circles, and even within images.
Figure 1.27 "Wikipedia" encoded in Code 128 (From "Wikipedia")
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/4430764/bg13.jpg)
18
Figure 1.28 "Wikipedia" encoded in Code 93 (From "Wikipedia")
Figure 1.29 "Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia" encoded in the DataMatrix 2D (From
"Wikipedia")
Barcode scanner (or barcode reader) is an electronic device which is used in reading
barcodes. It generally translates optical impulses into electrical ones.
Computer software is a general term which is used to describe a collection of computer
programs, procedures and documents that perform some task on a computer system
Internet is a worldwide, publicly accessible series of interconnected computer networks. It
consists of millions of smaller domestic, academic, business, and government networks.
There are various information and services in Internet, such as electronic mail, online chat,
file transfer, and Web pages.
Application software is a subclass of computer software. It is used to complete tasks that
the user wishes to perform.
Microsoft Word is a component of the Microsoft Office system and also the Microsoft's
flagship word processing software.
Global Positioning System (GPS) receive its location, speed/direction, and time from
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS).
Figure 1.30 Artist's conception of GPS satellite (From “WikiPedia”)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/4430764/bg14.jpg)
19
Figure 1.31 Civilian GPS receiver (From “WikiPedia”)
Computer system is the combination of hardware and software. A typical computer system
has memory, one or more processors, and a set of states that define the relationship
between the system's inputs and outputs. A computer system could be either a chip or a
whole system.
Slideshows is a concatenation of "Slide Show". It is a display of a series of chosen images,
texts, animations, audios and other objects. It is done for professional (work-related),
educational, training, instructional or communicational purposes.
Presentation program is a computer software which is used to display information,
normally in the form of a slideshow. It typically includes two major functions: an editor
that allows texts and graphic images to be inserted and manipulated, and a slideshow
system to display the content.
Microsoft PowerPoint is a presentation program developed by Microsoft for its Microsoft
Office system. It runs on Microsoft Windows and the Mac OS computer operating systems.
OpenOffice.org Impress is a presentation program which is developed by Sun
Microsystems. It is a part of the OpenOffice.org office suite and similar to Microsoft
PowerPoint. It can be used to create PDF files, export presentations to Adobe Flash (SWF),
and edit files in several file formats, including the .ppt format.
Keynote is a presentation program which is developed by Apple Inc. It is a part of the
iWork productivity suite.
Adobe Acrobat is one of the family application software made by Adobe Systems. It use
Adobe's Portable Document Format (PDF) as their file format. Adobe Reader (formerly
called Acrobat Reader) is widely used as a way to present information with a fixed layout
similar to a paper publication. The Adobe Acrobat products are coded in the C++
programming languages.
MindManager is a software that creates interactive visual maps to capture, organize and
communicate ideas and information effectively. Information presented in map form is
easier to organize, understand, and recall.
IPhoto is a software application made by Apple Inc. exclusively for their Mac OS X
operating system. It is part of the iLife suite of applications. It can import, organize, edit,
print and share digital photos and these photos are displayed in a slideshow format.
Embedded computer is a special-purpose computer designed to perform one or a few
dedicated functions. It is usually embedded as part of a complete device including
hardware and mechanical parts.
Peripheral is a piece of computer hardware that is added to a host computer in order to
expand its abilities. Typical examples include joysticks, printers and scanners. Devices
such as monitors and disk drives are not considered peripherals when they are not truly
optional.
剩余229页未读,继续阅读
![application/x-rar](https://img-home.csdnimg.cn/images/20210720083606.png)
![application/msword](https://img-home.csdnimg.cn/images/20210720083327.png)
![application/msword](https://img-home.csdnimg.cn/images/20210720083327.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://profile-avatar.csdnimg.cn/default.jpg!1)
ge_xianlong
- 粉丝: 1
- 资源: 3
上传资源 快速赚钱
我的内容管理 展开
我的资源 快来上传第一个资源
我的收益
登录查看自己的收益我的积分 登录查看自己的积分
我的C币 登录后查看C币余额
我的收藏
我的下载
下载帮助
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/wenkucmsfe/public/img/voice.245cc511.png)
最新资源
- 构建Cadence PSpice仿真模型库教程
- VMware 10.0安装指南:步骤详解与网络、文件共享解决方案
- 中国互联网20周年必读:影响行业的100本经典书籍
- SQL Server 2000 Analysis Services的经典MDX查询示例
- VC6.0 MFC操作Excel教程:亲测Win7下的应用与保存技巧
- 使用Python NetworkX处理网络图
- 科技驱动:计算机控制技术的革新与应用
- MF-1型机器人硬件与robobasic编程详解
- ADC性能指标解析:超越位数、SNR和谐波
- 通用示波器改造为逻辑分析仪:0-1字符显示与电路设计
- C++实现TCP控制台客户端
- SOA架构下ESB在卷烟厂的信息整合与决策支持
- 三维人脸识别:技术进展与应用解析
- 单张人脸图像的眼镜边框自动去除方法
- C语言绘制图形:余弦曲线与正弦函数示例
- Matlab 文件操作入门:fopen、fclose、fprintf、fscanf 等函数使用详解
资源上传下载、课程学习等过程中有任何疑问或建议,欢迎提出宝贵意见哦~我们会及时处理!
点击此处反馈
![](https://img-home.csdnimg.cn/images/20220527035711.png)
![](https://img-home.csdnimg.cn/images/20220527035711.png)
![](https://img-home.csdnimg.cn/images/20220527035111.png)
安全验证
文档复制为VIP权益,开通VIP直接复制
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/wenkucmsfe/public/img/green-success.6a4acb44.png)