Citrix XenApp故障排查深度解析

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"Citrix XenApp 是一种应用虚拟化解决方案,用于在集中式服务器上发布和管理应用程序,以便用户能够跨各种设备访问。这个PPT文档由Kapil Ramlal,一位Escalation Engineer,提供了关于在Citrix XenApp 5.0环境下进行故障排查的工具、方法和案例研究。文档主要涵盖以下几个方面:选择正确的工具、故障排查场景、顶级实用工具、案例分析以及额外的资源和问答环节。" **Citrix XenApp基础** Citrix XenApp(以前称为MetaFrame或Presentation Server)是Citrix Systems的一个关键产品,它允许企业将应用程序集中在数据中心的服务器上运行,而不是在每个用户的本地设备上安装。这种方式降低了硬件需求,简化了软件分发,并提高了远程访问的性能。XenApp支持多种操作系统,包括Windows Server,同时与Citrix的其他产品,如XenDesktop和XenServer,共同构建了一个全面的虚拟化平台。 **故障排查工具** 在Citrix XenApp环境中,正确选择并使用工具对于快速定位和解决问题至关重要。这些工具可能包括: 1. **Citrix Director** - 提供了实时监控、诊断和问题解决功能,帮助管理员识别性能瓶颈。 2. **Citrix Policy Manager (CPM)** - 用于管理和配置策略,以确保应用程序和资源的安全访问。 3. **Citrix Support Assistant (CSA)** - 收集系统信息,帮助技术团队分析问题。 4. **Event Viewer** - 监控系统事件日志,找出可能导致问题的错误或警告。 5. **Resource Monitor** - 分析服务器资源使用情况,找出可能的性能问题。 **故障排查场景** 故障排查可能涉及各种场景,如用户连接问题、应用程序性能下降、资源争用或服务器崩溃。针对这些场景,需要有针对性地应用工具和方法来诊断问题,例如检查网络连接、验证用户权限、分析会话日志等。 **顶级实用工具** 除了上述官方工具,还有一些第三方工具和实用程序,如: 1. **Process Explorer** - 一个增强版的任务管理器,可以深入查看进程和线程的详细信息。 2. **Wireshark** - 网络封包分析工具,用于检测网络通信问题。 3. **RegEdit** - 注册表编辑器,用于查看和修改注册表设置,可能与某些应用问题有关。 **案例研究** 案例研究通常包括实际遇到的问题、解决方案过程和最终结果,这对于学习如何处理类似问题非常有价值。这些案例可能涵盖从用户登录失败到复杂的应用兼容性问题。 **额外资源和问答** 提供额外的资源和问答环节是为了让读者能进一步了解XenApp环境中的故障排查。这可能包括白皮书、技术文章、社区论坛以及Citrix官方的支持文档。 Citrix XenApp的故障排查涉及到多方面的技术和策略,通过理解和熟练运用各种工具,可以有效地管理和维护复杂的XenApp环境,确保用户能顺利、高效地访问应用程序。
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• Citrix XenApp5.0培训 • 主讲:jaffee • XenApp 5.0 server • Farm:  Citrix XenApp server uses server farms to organize and manage servers.  load balance user sessions  manage the entire set of Citrix XenApp servers from a single point  Users can connect directly to applications, without needing to know the location of an individual server  reconnect to another server and receive the same environment as before when the sever crashs • TwoTechnology • ICA: Independent Computing Architecture  At its heart, ICA intercepts and transports screens from the server that a published application runs on to the client PC It then takes the user’s return input and transmits it back to the server for processing  ICA uses port 1494 by default, or 2598  What Is Actually Being Sent between an ICA Client and a XenApp Server?  ICA works by essentially piggybacking on top of other protocols such as TCP/IP、 UDP and IPX/SPX  The ICA client also can cache frequently used graphics such as icons and menu items • Citrix Session States • TwoTechnology • Independent Management Architecture(IMA)  It is a centralized management subsystem that allows you to define and control the elements of your server farm  Server-to-server communication occurs over TCP port 2512, PMC-to-server communication occurs over TCP port 2513  In essence, it is the technology that allows you to group servers • Citrix Datastore • S tore information within the Citrix XenApp server farm that remains relatively static. Items such as published applications, administrator names and permissions, and server listings • A single datastore is used for each individual server farm • T he datastore can reside on a Citrix XenApp server or on a dedicated host • Citrix XenApp supports Microsoft Access, MS SQL Express, MS SQL Server, IBM DB2 • Disk space requirements for the datastore are approximately 20 MB for every 100 servers • Datastore Usage • Access mode: direct mode and indirect mode  Direct mode :Microsoft SQL or Oracle  Indirect mod:Microsoft Access With the availability of three solutions for the datastore, how do you tell which one best fits your environment? • LHC :Local Host Cache • The LHC is a partial copy of the datastore database that every XenApp server maintains locally to the server itself  Continue running based on the configuration that is last received from the datastore  performance • Data Collector • Manage information that changes frequently, such as current sessions, active licenses, and server and application load values within a zone • The data collector acts as the central point of information when clients connect to your server farm • Every zone with a server farm consists of one active data collector • Bandwidth Requirements for a Server Farm • Server-to-Data-Store Communication KB = 275 + (5 * Servers) + (0.5 * Apps) + (92 * Print Drivers) A farm with 4 severs,12 published applications, and 6 print drivers KB = 275 + (5 * 4) + (0.5 * 12) + (92 * 6) KB = 275 + (20) + (6) + (552) KB = 275 + (578) KB = 853 • Bandwidth Requirements for a Server Farm • Data Collector Communication Bytes = 11000 + (1000 * Con) + (600 * Discon) + (350 * Apps) A server with 20 connected sessions, four disconnected sessions, and nine published applications Bytes = 11,000 + (1,000 * 20) + (600 * 4) + (350 * 9) Bytes = 11,000 + (20,000) + (2400) + (3150) Bytes = 11,000 + (25,550) Bytes = 36,550 or 36.55 KB • Listener Ports • Listener ports work in cooperation with internal system components and client connections • The listener service monitors new client connections and manages the idle sessions. • CPS4.5 vs XenApp 5.0 XenApp 2008/1 Presentation Server MetaFrame WinFrame Note: Xen App5.0:windows server 2003*/2008* CPS4.5 :windows server 2003 * • XenApp Server Editions • XenApp Edition Components • XenApp 5.0 Server License Server • XenApp server will not accept user connections until it can contact a License Server • Citrix provides a 96-hour initial grace period that will allow up to two users to connect while unable to connect to a License Server • Citrix XenApp client • the XenApp Plugin,the XenApp Web Plugin, and Program Neighborhood • Microsoft’s System Center Configuration Manager (SCCM) IBM’s Tivoli Provisioning Manager are used to centralize deployment and maintain software • the XenApp Plugin • Launch applications from her Start | Programs menu • Step:  publishing an application to the XenApp farm  To launch an application from the System Tray icon  DISCONNECT, RECONNECT, AND LOG OFF OF AN APPLICATION WITH THE CONNECTION CENTER • the Citrix XenApp Web Plugin • The Web Plugin is the simplest of the Windows clients and does not allow for as much interaction or configuration. • often be deployed in scenarios where machines are older, slower, or not in need of additional configuration options such as the Start menu and desktop shortcuts • Program Neighborhood • Oldest ICA client version but the most advanced • Many settings are available to users as check boxes or radio buttons • good in the sense that users can enable a setting such as Local Text Echo for just their client if they are a fast typist and the latency of the session cannot keep up; and bad when a user can delete his application set and can’t get connected • the only client that connects to applications on a Citrix server that have not been published for access by users