HTML & XHTML权威指南第六版：必备学习资源

html

xhtml

需积分: 10 139 浏览量更新于2024-07-17 收藏 7MB PDF 举报

身份认证购VIP最低享 7 折!

领优惠券(最高得80元）

《HTML - XHTML权威指南，第六版》是一本备受推崇的IT专业书籍，由业界权威出版社O'Reilly出版。本书是HTML和XHTML技术领域的经典之作，全面覆盖了这两个标记语言的最新知识和最佳实践。HTML（HyperText Markup Language）是构建网页的基础，而XHTML（Extensible HyperText Markup Language）是HTML的超集，它在结构清晰性和向XML兼容性方面有所增强。书中详尽讲解了如何创建和设计结构化的网页，包括标签语法、语义化应用、表单处理、多媒体整合等内容，旨在帮助读者掌握这两种语言的核心概念和技术。对于初学者来说，它提供了易于理解的教程，而对于经验丰富的开发者，它则包含了深入的高级特性探讨。《Ajax Hacks》、《CSS Cookbook》、《CSS: The Definitive Guide》以及《Designing Interfaces》等其他相关书籍，都在不同程度上扩展了学习者的技术视野，展示了HTML和XHTML在现代Web开发中的多维度应用。此外，作者还特别强调了响应式设计和动态交互的重要性，通过《Dynamic HTML: The Definitive Guide》和《HeadFirst HTML with CSS & XHTML》来指导读者实现这些效果。如果你访问O'Reilly官网(oreilly.com)，你可以找到更多资源，如新闻更新、活动信息、技术文章、博客、章节样本和代码示例，这些都是深入了解和实践HTML和XHTML的好去处。对于开发者来说，oreilly.net是关注开放和新兴技术的理想平台，涵盖了新技术平台、编程语言和操作系统等相关领域。 O'Reilly举办的会议汇聚了行业的创新者，致力于推动技术革新，通过文档记录最新的工具和系统，将创新者的知识转化为实用技能，为开发者提供持续的学习和发展机会。在线参考资源Safari Bookshelf (safari.oreilly.com)为读者提供了一个随时随地查阅的全面学习库。《HTML - XHTML The Definitive Guide, 6th Edition》是一本不可多得的资源，无论是为了提升个人技能，还是跟踪行业动态，都是专业人士和学习者的宝贵资产。通过这本书，读者将建立起坚实的HTML和XHTML基础，并能紧跟Web开发的前沿趋势。

资源详情

资源推荐

This is the Title of the Book, eMatter Edition

xiv

Preface

To be safe, the way to become fluent in HTML and XHTML is through a compre-

hensive, up-to-date language reference that covers the language syntax, semantics,

and variations in detail to help you distinguish between good and bad usage.

There’s one more step leading to fluency in a language. To become a true master of the

language, you need to develop your own style. That means knowing not only what is

appropriate, but also what is effective. Layout matters. So does the order of presenta-

tion within a document, between documents, and between document collections.

Our goal in writing this book is to help you become fluent in HTML and XHTML, fully

versed in their syntax, semantics, and elements of style. We take the natural-learning

approach, using examples (good ones, of course). We cover in detail every element of

the currently accepted standard versions of the languages (HTML 4.01 and XHTML

1.0) as well as all of the current extensions supported by the popular browsers, explain-

ing how each element works and how it interacts with all of the other elements.

And, with all due respect to Strunk and White, throughout the book we give you

suggestions for style and composition to help you decide how best to use HTML and

XHTML to accomplish a variety of tasks, from simple online documentation to com-

plex marketing and sales presentations. We show you what works and what doesn’t,

what makes sense to those who view your pages, and what might be confusing.

In short, this book is a definitive guide to creating documents using HTML and

XHTML, starting with basic syntax and semantics and finishing with broad style

guidelines to help you create beautiful, informative, accessible documents that you’ll

be proud to deliver to your readers.

Our Audience

We wrote this book for anyone interested in learning and using the language of the

Web, from the most casual user to the full-time design professional. We don’t expect

you to have any experience in HTML or XHTML before picking up this book. In

fact, we don’t even expect that you’ve ever browsed the Web, although we’d be very,

very surprised if you haven’t. Being connected to the Internet is not strictly neces-

sary to use this book, but if you’re not connected, this book becomes like a travel

guide for the homebound.

The only things we ask you to have are a computer, an editor that can create simple

text files, and copies of the latest web browsers. We used the latest Internet Explorer,

Mozilla Firefox, Netscape Navigator, and Opera Software ASA’s Opera for the exam-

ples in this book. Because HTML and XHTML documents are stored in a univer-

sally accepted format—plain text—and because the languages are completely

independent of any specific computer, we won’t even make an assumption about the

kind of computer you’re using. However, browsers do vary by platform and operat-

ing system, which means that your HTML or XHTML documents can look quite dif-

ferent depending on the computer and browser version. So we explain where we can

This is the Title of the Book, eMatter Edition

Preface

how the various browsers use certain language features, paying particular attention

to how they are different.

If you are new to HTML, the Web, or hypertext documentation in general, you

should start by reading Chapter 1. In it, we describe how all these technologies come

together to create web sites of interrelated documents.

If you are already familiar with the Web, but not with HTML or XHTML specifi-

cally, start by reading Chapter 2. This chapter is a brief overview of the most impor-

tant features of the language and serves as a roadmap to how we approach the

language in the remainder of the book.

Subsequent chapters deal with specific language features in a roughly top-down

approach to HTML and XHTML. Read them in order for a complete tour through

the language, or jump around to find the exact feature you’re interested in.

Text Conventions

Throughout the book, we use a constant-width typeface to highlight any literal ele-

ment of the HTML/XHTML standards, tags, and attributes. We always use lowercase

letters for tags.

We use italic for filenames and to indicate new concepts when they are

defined. Elements you need to supply when creating your own documents, such as tag

attributes and user-defined strings, appear in

constant-width italic in the code.

We discuss elements of the language throughout the book, but you’ll find each one

covered in depth (some might say in nauseating detail) in a shorthand, quick-

reference definition box that looks like the one that follows (for the

<title> ele-

ment). The first line of the box contains the element name, followed by a brief

description of its function. Next, we list the various attributes, if any, of the element:

those things that you may or must specify as part of the element.

* HTML is case-insensitive with regard to tag and attribute names, but XHTML is case-sensitive. And some

HTML items, such as source filenames, are case-sensitive, so be careful.

<title>

Function

Defines the document title

Attribute

dirlang

End tag

</title>; never omitted

Contains

plain_text

Used in

head_content

This is the Title of the Book, eMatter Edition

xvi

Preface

The icon identifies tags and attributes that aren’t in the HTML 4.01 or XHTML 1.0

standards, and those that are handled very differently between the various popular

browsers.

The description also includes the HTML ending tag, if any, for the element, along

with a general indication of whether the end tag may be safely omitted in general use

in HTML. For the few tags that require end tags in XHTML, but do not have them in

HTML, the language lets you indicate that by placing a forward slash (

/) before the

tag’s closing bracket, as in

. In these cases, the tag may also contain attributes,

indicated with an intervening ellipsis, such as

.

The “Contains” header names the rule in the HTML grammar that defines the ele-

ments to be placed within this tag. Similarly, the “Used in” header lists those rules

that allow this tag as part of their content. We define these rules in Appendix A.

Finally, HTML and XHTML are fairly intertwined languages. You will occasionally

use elements in different ways depending on context, and many elements share iden-

tical attributes. Wherever possible, we place a cross-reference in the text that leads

you to a related discussion elsewhere in the book. These cross-references, like the

one at the end of this paragraph, serve as a crude paper model of hypertext docu-

mentation, one that would be replaced with a true hypertext link should this book be

delivered in an electronic format. [The Syntax of a Tag, 3.3.1]

We encourage you to follow these cross-references whenever possible. Often, we

cover an attribute briefly and expect you to jump to the cross-reference for a more

detailed discussion. In other cases, following the link takes you to alternative uses of

the element under discussion or to style and usage suggestions that relate to the cur-

rent element.

Versions and Semantics

The latest HTML standard is version 4.01, but most updates and changes to the lan-

guage standard were made in version 4.0. Therefore, throughout the book, we often

refer to the HTML standard as HTML 4, encompassing versions 4.0 and later. We

explicitly state the “dot” version number only when it is relevant.

The XHTML standard is currently in its first iteration, 1.0. The World Wide Web

Consortium (W3C) has released a Working Draft of a second version (XHTML 2.0),

but the standard is yet established. For the most part, XHTML 1.0 is identical to

HTML 4.01; we detail their differences in Chapter 16. Throughout the book, we spe-

cifically note cases where XHTML handles a feature or element differently than the

original language, HTML.

The HTML and XHTML standards make very clear the distinction between “ele-

ment types” of a document and the markup “tags” that delimit those elements. For

example, the standard refers to the paragraph element type, which is not the same as

This is the Title of the Book, eMatter Edition

Preface

xvii

the tag. The paragraph element consists of the accepted element-type name

within the starting tag (

), intervening content, and the ending paragraph tag ().

The

tag is the starting tag for the paragraph element, and its contents, known as

attributes, ultimately affect the paragraph element type’s contents.

Although these are important distinctions, we’re pragmatists. It is the markup tag

that authors apply in their documents and that affects any intervening content.

Accordingly, throughout the book, we relax the distinction between element types

and tags, often talking about tags and all related contents and not necessarily using

the term element-type when it would be technically appropriate to make the distinc-

tion. Forgive us the transgression, but we do so for the sake of clarity.

HTML Versus XHTML

It’s not Latin, but HTML has reached old age in standard version 4.01. The W3C

has no plans to develop another version and has officially said so. Rather, HTML is

being subsumed and modularized as an Extensible Markup Language (XML). Its

new name is XHTML, Extensible Hyptertext Markup Language.

The emergence of XHTML is just another chapter in the often tumultuous history of

HTML and the Web, where confusion for authors is the norm, not the exception. At

its nadir, the elders of the W3C responsible for accepted and acceptable uses of the

language—standards—lost control of the language in the browser “wars” between

Netscape and Microsoft. The abortive HTML+ standard never got off the ground,

and HTML 3.0 became so bogged down in debate that the W3C simply shelved the

entire draft. HTML 3.0 never happened, despite what some opportunistic marketers

claimed in their literature. Instead, by late 1996, the browser manufacturers con-

vinced the W3C to release HTML standard version 3.2, which for all intents and

purposes simply standardized most of Netscape’s HTML extensions.

Netscape’s dominance as the leading browser, and as a leader in web technologies,

faded dramatically toward the end of the millennium. By then, Microsoft had effec-

tively bundled Internet Explorer into the Windows operating system, not only as an

installed application, but also as a dominant feature of the GUI desktop. In addition,

Internet Explorer introduced several features (albeit nonstandard at the time) that

appealed principally to the growing Internet business and marketing community.

Fortunately for those of us who appreciate and strongly support standards, the W3C

took back its primacy role with HTML 4.0, which stands today as HTML version 4.01,

released in December 1999. Absorbing many of the Netscape and Internet Explorer

innovations, the standard is clearer and cleaner than any previous ones, establishes

solid implementation models for consistency across browsers and platforms, pro-

vides strong support and incentives for the companion Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

standard for HTML-based displays, and makes provisions for alternative (nonvisual)

user agents, as well as for more universal language supports.

This is the Title of the Book, eMatter Edition

xviii

Preface

Cleaner and clearer aside, the W3C realized that HTML could never keep up with

the demands of the web community for more ways to distribute, process, and dis-

play documents. HTML offers only a limited set of document-creation primitives and

is hopelessly incapable of handling nontraditional content like chemical formulae,

musical notation, and mathematical expressions. Nor can it well support alternative

display media, such as handheld computers and intelligent cellular phones.

To address these demands, the W3C developed the XML standard. XML provides a

way to create new, standards-based markup languages that don’t take an act of the

W3C to implement. XML-compliant languages deliver information that can be

parsed, processed, displayed, sliced, and diced by the many different communica-

tion technologies that have emerged since the Web sparked the digital communica-

tion revolution a decade ago. XHTML is HTML reformulated to adhere to the XML

standard. It is the foundation language for the future of the Web.

Why not just drop HTML for XHTML? For many reasons. First and foremost,

XHTML has not exactly taken the Web by storm. There’s just too much current

investment in HTML-based documentation and expertise for that to happen any-

time soon. Besides, XHTML is HTML 4.01 reformulated as an application of XML.

Know HTML 4 and you’re all ready for the future.

Deprecated Features

One of the unpopular things standards bearers have to do is make choices between

popular and proper. The authors of the HTML and XHTML standards exercise that

responsibility by “deprecating” those features of the language that interfere in the

grand scheme of things.

For instance, the

<center> tag tells the browser to display the enclosed text centered

in the display window. But the CSS standard provides ways to center text, too. The

W3C chooses to support the CSS way and discourages the use of

<center> by depre-

cating the tag. The plan is, in some later standard version, to stop using

<center> and

other deprecated elements and attributes of the language.

Throughout the book, we specially note and continuously remind you when an

HTML tag or other component is deprecated in the current standards. Should you

stop using them now? Yes and no.

Yes, because there is a preferred and perhaps better way to accomplish the same

thing. By exercising that alternative, you ensure that your documents will survive for

many years to come on the Web. And, yes, because the tools you may use to prepare

HTML/XHTML documents probably adhere to the preferred standard. You may not

have a choice, unless you disable your tools. In any event, unless you hand-compose

* We plumb the depths of XML and XHTML in Chapters 15 and 16.

www.allitebooks.com

剩余679页未读，继续阅读

君子攸跻

粉丝: 1
资源: 73

HTML & XHTML权威指南第六版：必备学习资源

[PDF]HTML & XHTML The Definitive Guide, 6th Edition

HTML & XHTML: The Definitive Guide, 6th Edition(英文版)

the definitive guide to arm cortex-m0 and cortex-m0+ processors (2nd edition

hadoop the definitive guide epub

the definitive guide to dax (2nd edition).pdf

帮我找到一本书《Ethernet. The Definitive Guide》

automotive ethernet: the definitive guide 2nd edition

hadoop.the.definitive.guide.4th.edition.1491901632

802.11 wireless networks: the definitive guide

java performance: the definitive guide by scott oaks

automotive ethernet – the definitive guide.42章

大数据软件技术的参考文献

html,css,javascript,node.js,Mysql数据库的参考文献

cassandr 可视化工具

学习前端有哪些好的书籍

近3年的Java参考文献

基于html和css开发的书籍列表

取消work guide

automotive AVB

最近6年的C#参考书写在此处。要求序号、作者、书名、出版社、出版时间。

最新资源