Python与Qt快速GUI编程实战：643页开源开发指南

需积分: 5 132 浏览量更新于2024-06-25 收藏 6.96MB PDF 举报

《Rapid GUI Programming with Python and Qt：643页深度探索》是Arnold Robbins所著，作为Prentice Hall Open Source Software Development Series的一部分，该书聚焦于利用Python和Qt进行快速图形用户界面（GUI）编程。这个系列旨在帮助读者掌握开源技术的精华，不仅教授如何在项目中应用这些技术，更通过展示实际应用中的真实代码，让学习者了解全球开源开发者的最佳实践。本书的核心内容围绕以下几个方面展开： 1. **Python与Qt结合**：Python是一种功能强大且易于学习的高级编程语言，而Qt则是跨平台的图形用户界面开发框架。通过本书，读者将学习如何将Python的简洁性和灵活性与Qt的可视化组件和丰富的功能相结合，构建高效、易用的GUI应用程序。 2. **Rapid Development**：书名中的"Rapid"强调了快速开发的理念，书中会介绍一系列高效的开发方法和技巧，使开发者能够在短时间内创建出高质量的GUI应用，适应现代软件开发的需求。 3. **开源技术应用示例**：作者提供了一系列实际项目中的代码片段，这些例子源自真实世界的应用场景，例如Web前端技术AJAX（Asynchronous JavaScript and XML），这些示例展示了如何在实际项目中运用所学技术，有助于读者理解它们在实际工作中的应用场景和效果。 4. **最佳实践与学习经验**：阅读这本书不仅是为了掌握技术，更是为了学习开源社区的开发规范和最佳实践。作者分享的不仅是技术细节，还有开发者的思考过程和解决问题的方法，这将对提升读者的编程技能和解决问题的能力大有裨益。 5. **开放源码系列的一部分**：作为Prentice Hall Open Source Software Development Series的一部分，这本书与其他系列作品如《Linux® Debugging and Performance Tuning》和《The Definitive Guide to the Xen Hypervisor》一样，体现了系列的宗旨，即提供最优质的开源技术教育资源，帮助读者适应快速变化的技术环境。《Rapid GUI Programming with Python and Qt：643页》是一本实用且深入的指南，对于希望在GUI开发领域运用Python和Qt的程序员来说，无论是在学习阶段还是职业发展过程中，都能从中收获丰富的知识和宝贵的经验。通过阅读和实践书中的内容，读者不仅能提升编程技能，还能融入全球开源技术社区的发展潮流。

Introduction

This book teaches how to write GUI applications using the Python program-

ming language and the Qt application development framework. The only

essential prior knowledge is that you can program in some object-oriented pro-

gramming language, such as C

, C#, Java, or of course, Python itself. For the

rich text chapter, some familiarity with HTML and with regular expressions is

assumed, and the databases and threading chapters assume some basic knowl-

edge of those topics. A knowledge of GUI programming is not required, since

all the key concepts are covered.

The book will be useful to people who program professionally as part of their

job, whether as full-time software developers, or those from other disciplines,

including scientists and engineers, who need to do some programming in sup-

port of their work. It is also suitable for undergraduate and post-graduate stu-

dents, particularly those doing courses or research that includes a substantial

computing element. The exercises (with solutions) are provided especially to

help students.

Python is probably the easiest to learn and nicest scripting language in

widespread use, and Qt is probably the best library for developing GUI applica-

tions. The combination of Python and Qt, “PyQt”, makes it possible to develop

applications on any supported platform and run them unchanged on all the

supported platforms—for example, all modern versions of Windows, Linux,

Mac OS X, and most Unix-based systems. No compilation is required thanks

to Python being interpreted, and no source code changes to adapt to different

operating systems are required thanks to Qt abstracting away the platform-

speciﬁc details. We only have to copy the source ﬁle or ﬁles to a target machine

that has both Python and PyQt installed and the application will run.

If you are new to Python: Welcome! You are about to discover a language that

is clear to read and write, and that is concise without being cryptic. Python

supports many programming paradigms, but because our focus is on GUI

programming, we will take an object-oriented approach everywhere except in

the very early chapters.

Python is a very expressive language, which means that we can usually write

far fewer lines of Python code than would be required for an equivalent appli-

cation written in, say, C

or Java. This makes it possible to show some small

but complete examples throughout the text, and makes PyQt an ideal tool for

rapidly and easily developing GUI applications, whether for prototyping or for

production use.

Introduction 3

programming teams varying in size from just one person to more than a dozen

people. Many in-house tools are written using PyQt, but because these are of-

ten used to gain competitive advantage, the companies involved generally do

not permit their use of PyQt to be made public. PyQt is also widely used in the

open source world, with games, utilities, visualization tools, and IDEs all writ-

ten using it.

This book is speciﬁcally about PyQt4, the Python bindings for the Qt 4 C

application development framework.

★

PyQt4 is provided in the form of ten

Python modules which between them contain around 400 classes and about

6 000 methods and functions. All the example programs have been tested on

Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X, using Python 2.5, Qt 4.2, and PyQt 4.2, and

additionally on Windows and Linux using Qt 4.3 and PyQt 4.3. Backporting to

earlier versions is possible in some cases, but we recommend using the most

up-to-date versions of Python, Qt, and PyQt.

Python, PyQt, and Qt can be used free of charge for noncommercial purposes,

but the license used by Python is different from that used by PyQt and Qt.

Python is available with a very liberal license that allows it to be used to de-

velop both commercial and noncommercial applications. Both PyQt and Qt are

dual-licensed: This essentially allows them to be used to develop noncommer-

cial applications—which must in turn be licensed using an acceptable open

source license such as the GNU General Public License (GPL); or to be used to

develop commercial applications—in this case, a commercial PyQt license and

a commercial Qt license must be purchased.

The Structure of the Book

The book is divided into four parts. Part I is primarily a rapid conversion course

aimed at non-Python programmers who are familiar with an object-oriented

language, although it also has some (clearly marked) PyQt content. Because

the core Python language is mostly simple and is quite small, these chapters

can teach the basics of Python to a sufﬁcient extent that real Python applica-

tions can be written.

If you think that you can pick up the Python syntax simply through reading

it, you might be tempted to skip Part I and dive straight into the GUI pro-

gramming that begins in Part II. The early chapters in Part II include back-

references to the relevant pages in Part I to support readers who choose this

approach. However, even for readers familiar with Python, we recommend

reading about

QString

in Chapter 1. If you are unfamiliar with partial function

application (currying), it is important to read the subsection that covers this in

Chapter 2, since this technique is sometimes used in GUI programming.

★

There are also Python bindings for the older Qt 3 library, but there is no reason to use that library

for new projects, especially since Qt 4 offers far more functionality and is easier to use.

4 Introduction

Part II begins by showing three tiny PyQt GUI applications to give an initial

impression of what PyQt programming is like. It also explains some of the

fundamental concepts involved in GUI programming, including PyQt’s high-

level signals and slots communication mechanism. Chapter 5 shows how to

create dialogs and how to create and lay out widgets (“controls” in Windows-

speak—the graphical elements that make up a user interface such as buttons,

listboxes, and such) in a dialog. Dialogs are central to GUI programming: Most

GUI applications have a single main window, and dozens or scores of dialogs,

so this topic is covered in depth.

After the dialogs chapter comes Chapter 6, which covers main windows,

including menus, toolbars, dock windows, and keyboard shortcuts, as well as

loading and saving application settings. Part II’s ﬁnal chapters show how to

create dialogs using Qt Designer, Qt’s visual design tool, and how to save data

in binary, text, and XML formats.

Part III gives deeper coverage of some of the topics covered in Part II, and in-

troduces many new topics. Chapter 9 shows how to lay out widgets in quite

sophisticated ways, and how to handle multiple documents. Chapter 10 covers

low-level event handlers, and how to use the clipboard as well as drag and drop,

text, HTML, and binary data. Chapter 11 shows how to modify and subclass

existing widgets, and how to create entirely new widgets from scratch, with

complete control over their appearance and behavior. This chapter also shows

how to do basic graphics. Chapter 12 shows how to use Qt 4.2’s new graphics

view architecture,which is particularly suited to handling large numbers of in-

dependent graphical objects. Qt’s HTML-capable rich text engine is covered in

Chapter 13. This chapter also covers printing both to paper and to PDF ﬁles.

Part III concludes with two chapters on model/view programming: Chapter 14

introduces the subject and shows how to use Qt’s built-in views and how to

create custom data models and custom delegates, and Chapter 15 shows how

to use the model/view architecture to perform database programming.

Part IV continues the model/view theme, with coverage of three different

advanced model/view topics in Chapter 16. The ﬁrst section of Chapter 17

describes the techniques that can be used for providing online help, and the

second section explains how to internationalize an application, including how

to use Qt’s translation tools to create translation ﬁles. The Python standard

library provides its own classes for networking and for threading, but in the

last two chapters of Part IV we show how to do networking and threading us-

ing PyQt’s classes.

Appendix A explains where Python, PyQt, and Qt can be obtained, and how to

install them on Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. PyQt is much easier to learn

if you install it and try out some of the exercises, and if you inspect some of

the example code. Appendix B presents screenshots and brief descriptions

of selected PyQt widgets; this is helpful for those new to GUI programming.

Appendix C presents diagrams of some of PyQt’s key class hierarchies; this

Introduction 5

is useful for getting to know what classes PyQt has to offer and how they

are related.

If you have never used Python before, you should begin by reading Chapters

1–6 in order. If you already know Python, at least read the string policy (in

bullet points on page 28), and skim the material in Chapter 2 (apart from the

ﬁrst section, which you’ll know well). Make sure that you are comfortable with

lambda

and partial function application, both of which are covered in Chapter 2.

It is probably also worth skimming Chapter 3 as well. Then read Chapters 4,

5, and 6 in order.

Once you have covered the ﬁrst six chapters, you have covered the essentials

of Python and the fundamentals of PyQt.

Chapter 7 is useful if you want to know how to create dialogs using a visual

design tool rather than purely by hand coding, something that can save a lot

of time. For ﬁle handling, at least read the ﬁrst three sections of Chapter 8. If

you plan to write and read text ﬁles, also read Chapter 8’s fourth section, and

similarly the ﬁfth section if you are going to use XML ﬁles.

For Part III, at the least read Chapter 10’s ﬁrst section, on event handling, and

all of Chapter 11. Chapter 12 and the ﬁrst section of Chapter 13 assume that

you have read about PyQt’s event handling,and that you have read Chapter 11.

Chapters 9 and 14 can be read stand-alone in this part,but Chapter 15 assumes

that you have read Chapter 14.

In Part IV, Chapter 16 assumes that you have read Chapters 14 and 15, but the

other chapters can be read independently.

If you ﬁnd errors in the text or in the examples, or have other comments,

please write to

mark@qtrac.eu

quoting “PyQt book” in the subject line. The

book’s home page, where any corrections will be published, and from where the

examples and exercise solutions can be downloaded, is

http://www.qtrac.eu/

pyqtbook.html

If you want to participate in the PyQt community, it is worthwhile joining the

mailing list. Go to

http://www.riverbankcomputing.com/mailman/listinfo/pyqt

ﬁnd a link to the archive, so that you can see what the mailing list is like, and

also for a form for joining. Python also has mailing lists and other community

activities. For these, go to

http://www.python.org/community

Acknowledgments

I have many people to thank, and I will begin with those who have been

intimately involved with the book.

Jasmin Blanchette is a senior software developer at Trolltech, a Qt expert, and

a ﬁne editor and writer in his own right. I have cowritten two C

/Qt books

with him. Jasmin has made a huge number of suggestions and criticisms that

have immensely improved the quality of this book.

剩余642页未读，继续阅读

weixin_40191861_zj

粉丝: 87
资源: 1万+

Python与Qt快速GUI编程实战：643页开源开发指南

Python与Qt快速GUI编程完全指南——PyQt

Python与Qt快速GUI编程

使用Python和Qt快速开发GUI

Rapid+GUI+Programming+with+Python+and+Qt.pdf

Rapid.GUI.Programming.with.Python.n.Qt-virTuAlZin_Python-GUI_QT_

Rapid GUI Programming with Python and Qt -- 2007 -- code.7z

Prentice-Hall - Rapid GUI Programming with Python and Qt (Oct 2007)

Rapid GUI Programming with Python and Qt

Rapid Gui Programming with python and Qt

Rapid GUI Programming with Python and Qt 源文件

最新资源