LabVIEW-FPGA模块在可编程自动化控制器开发中的应用

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"这篇文档是关于使用LabVIEW FPGA模块开发可编程自动化控制器的外文文献及翻译，主要探讨了在工业控制市场中，PAC（可编程自动化控制器）的应用日益广泛，特别是在需要高度集成的模拟和数字I/O、浮点处理以及无缝连接到多个处理节点的应用中。文中通过介绍NI（美国国家仪器公司）提供的LabVIEW FPGA模块，阐述了如何利用该工具构建定制的工业应用I/O接口，并借助可重构I/O（RIO）硬件，将FPGA技术的灵活性和可定制性融入到工业PAC系统中。用户无需了解低级硬件描述语言（HDLs）或板级硬件设计细节，就能定义FPGA芯片上的逻辑，并快速定义硬件功能。" 详细知识点: 1. 可编程自动化控制器(PACs): PACs是工业控制领域的关键设备，它们提供了比传统的PLC（可编程逻辑控制器）更高级的功能，如更强的计算能力、更丰富的I/O选项和更灵活的软件支持。 2. LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench): 是由NI公司开发的一种图形化编程环境，主要用于科学和工程应用，尤其是测试、测量和控制系统。它使用图标和连线代替传统文本代码，降低了编程复杂性。 3. LabVIEW FPGA模块: 这是LabVIEW的一个扩展，允许用户直接在LabVIEW环境中设计FPGA（现场可编程门阵列）的硬件逻辑。用户无需掌握复杂的HDL语言（如Verilog或VHDL），即可实现自定义的硬件加速功能。 4. RIO (Reconfigurable Input/Output): 这是一种结合了FPGA和嵌入式处理器的硬件架构，可以动态地改变其输入/输出功能，以适应不断变化的系统需求。RIO硬件通常包括用于实时处理的微控制器和用于定制逻辑的FPGA。 5. 高度集成的模拟和数字I/O: PACs能够处理各种类型的数据，包括模拟信号（连续变化的信号）和数字信号（二进制状态），这对于工业控制系统的复杂性至关重要。 6. 浮点处理: PACs中的浮点处理能力使得它们能够执行更复杂的数学运算，这在处理传感器数据、控制算法和其他高精度任务时非常有用。 7. 无缝连接: PACs能够轻松与其他设备和网络通信，如TCP/IP、EtherCAT或Profibus等，实现多节点的分布式系统。 8. 定制化解决方案: 通过LabVIEW FPGA模块，工程师可以快速创建符合特定需求的定制硬件功能，提高了系统的灵活性和效率。 9. 无需深入硬件设计: 使用LabVIEW FPGA，工程师可以在不深入学习底层硬件设计的情况下，专注于应用程序的逻辑，从而缩短产品开发周期，降低开发成本。通过上述知识点，我们可以了解到LabVIEW FPGA模块如何在工业自动化领域提供强大的工具，使得工程师能够更高效、更具创新性地设计和实现可编程自动化控制器。

for loop is showed below in figure

21.Next to port definitions comes port directions. Directions are specified as input, output or i

nout (bidirectional), and can be referred to in table 1. Next to the specification of port directio

ns comes declaration of internal signals. Internal signals in Verilog are declared as “wire”

or “reg” data types. Signals of the “wire”

type are used for continuos assignments, also called combinatorial statements. Signals of the

“reg” type are used for assignments within the Verilog “always”

block, often use for sequential logic assignments, but not necessarily. For further explanation

see aVerilog reference book. Data types of the internal signals of the module can be referred t

o in table 3.We have now passed by all necessary declarations, and are now ready to look at th

e actual implementation. Using hardware description language allows us to describe the funct

ion of the transmitter in a more behavioral manner, rather than focus on it’

s actual implementation at gate level In software programming language, functions and proce

dures breaks larger programs into more readable, manageable and certainly maintainable piec

es. The Verilog language provides functions and tasks as constructs, analogous to software fu

nctions and procedures. A Verilog function and task are used as the equivalent to multiple lin

es of Verilog code, where certain inputs or signals affects certain outputs or variables. The use

of functions and tasks usually takes place where multiple lines of code are repeatedly used in

a design, and hence makes the design easier to read and certainly maintain. A Verilog functio

n can have multiple inputs, but always have only one output, while the Verilog task can have

both multiple inputs, and multiple outputs and even in some cases, non of each. Below is sho

wn the Verilog task, that hold all necessary sequential statements, to describe the transmitter i

n the “shift” mode

With the LabVIEW FPGA Module and NI RIO hardware, you now can use LabVIEW, a

high-level graphical development environment designed specifically for measurement and

control applications, to create PACs that have the customization, flexibility, and

high-performance of FPGAs. Because the LabVIEW FPGA Module configures custom

circuitry in hardware, your system can process and generate synchronized analog and digital

signals rapidly and deterministically. Figure 1 illustrates many of the NI RIO devices that you

can configure using the LabVIEW FPGA Module.

Figure 1. LabVIEW FPGA VI Block Diagram and RIO Hardware Platforms

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LabVIEW-FPGA模块在可编程自动化控制器开发中的应用

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