Java编程基础教程：简单易学指南

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Java教程在这个名为"Java Tutorial"的资源中，我们深入探讨了Java编程语言的基础知识和高级概念。Java是由Sun Microsystems（现已被Oracle公司收购）在1995年开发并首次发布的，它是一种高级编程语言，因其跨平台的特性而广受欢迎。无论是在Windows、MacOS还是各种版本的UNIX系统上，Java都能运行自如，这使得它成为了全球软件开发中的主要选择。本教程的目标是为初学者提供一个简单且实用的学习路径，让读者能够逐步掌握Java编程。它涵盖了从基础语法到复杂设计模式的全面指导，适合那些对计算机程序和编程语言有一定了解，但希望进一步提升技能的读者。教程内容包括但不限于以下要点： 1. **Java概述**：介绍了Java语言的历史背景、设计理念和其在现代软件开发中的角色。 2. **安装与环境设置**：对于初次接触Java的用户，会涉及如何下载并配置Java开发工具包（JDK），以及集成开发环境（IDE）如Eclipse或IntelliJ IDEA的使用。 3. **基本语法**：涵盖变量、数据类型、控制结构（如循环和条件语句）、函数和类的基础知识。 4. **面向对象编程**：介绍类、对象、封装、继承和多态等核心概念，以及如何在Java中实现它们。 5. **异常处理**：讨论如何使用try-catch-finally语句来处理程序运行时可能出现的错误。 6. **集合框架**：讲解如何使用ArrayList、LinkedList、HashMap等Java内置的数据结构。 7. **输入/输出流**：介绍如何读取和写入文件，以及网络编程的基础。 8. **并发编程**：涉及线程、synchronized关键字和并发工具类，帮助理解多线程编程。 9. **GUI编程**：通过Swing或JavaFX库，学习如何创建图形用户界面。 10. **JDBC与数据库交互**：介绍如何使用Java连接数据库，执行SQL查询和操作。 11. **网络编程**：涉及HTTP协议、Socket编程和网络套接字编程的基本原理。 12. **安全性与性能优化**：讨论Java的安全模型，以及如何提高代码的效率。版权和免责声明部分强调，所有教程内容和图形都属于tutorialspoint.com的知识产权，未经许可不得以任何形式复制或再分发。学习者应尊重版权，合法使用此资源进行个人学习和实践。

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TUTORIALS POINT

Simply Easy Learning

Java Overview

ava programming language was originally developed by Sun Microsystems which was initiated by James

Gosling and released in 1995 as core component of Sun Microsystems’ Java platform (Java 1.0 [J2SE]).

As of December 2008, the latest release of the Java Standard Edition is 6 (J2SE). With the advancement of Java

and its widespread popularity, multiple configurations were built to suite various types of platforms. Ex: J2EE for

Enterprise Applications, J2ME for Mobile Applications.

Sun Microsystems has renamed the new J2 versions as Java SE, Java EE and Java ME, respectively. Java is

guaranteed to be Write Once, Run Anywhere.

Java is:

 Object Oriented: In Java, everything is an Object. Java can be easily extended since it is based on the

Object model.

 Platform independent: Unlike many other programming languages including C and C++, when Java is

compiled, it is not compiled into platform specific machine, rather into platform independent byte code.

This byte code is distributed over the web and interpreted by virtual Machine (JVM) on whichever platform

it is being run.

 Simple:Java is designed to be easy to learn. If you understand the basic concept of OOP,Java would be

easy to master.

 Secure: With Java's secure feature, it enables to develop virus-free, tamper-free systems. Authentication

techniques are based on public-key encryption.

 Architectural-neutral:Java compiler generates an architecture-neutral object file format, which makes

the compiled code to be executable on many processors, with the presence of Java runtime system.

 Portable: Being architectural-neutral and having no implementation dependent aspects of the

specification makes Java portable. Compiler inJava is written in ANSI C with a clean portability boundary

which is a POSIX subset.

 Robust:Java makes an effort to eliminate error prone situations by emphasizing mainly on compile time

error checking and runtime checking.

 Multithreaded: With Java's multithreaded feature, it is possible to write programs that can do many tasks

simultaneously. This design feature allows developers to construct smoothly running interactive

applications.

CHAPTER

TUTORIALS POINT

Simply Easy Learning

 Interpreted:Java byte code is translated on the fly to native machine instructions and is not stored

anywhere. The development process is more rapid and analytical since the linking is an incremental and

lightweight process.

 High Performance: With the use of Just-In-Time compilers, Java enables high performance.

 Distributed:Java is designed for the distributed environment of the internet.

 Dynamic: Java is considered to be more dynamic than C or C++ since it is designed to adapt to an

evolving environment. Java programs can carry extensive amount of run-time information that can be

used to verify and resolve accesses to objects on run-time.

History of Java:

James Gosling initiated the Java language project in June 1991 for use in one of his many set-top box projects.

The language, initially called Oak after an oak tree that stood outside Gosling's office, also went by the name

Green and ended up later being renamed as Java, from a list of random words.

Sun released the first public implementation as Java 1.0 in 1995. It promised Write Once, Run

Anywhere (WORA), providing no-cost run-times on popular platforms.

On 13 November 2006, Sun released much of Java as free and open source software under the terms of the GNU

General Public License (GPL).

On 8 May 2007, Sun finished the process, making all of Java's core code free and open-source, aside from a small

portion of code to which Sun did not hold the copyright.

Tools you will need:

For performing the examples discussed in this tutorial, you will need a Pentium 200-MHz computer with a minimum

of 64 MB of RAM (128 MB of RAM recommended).

You also will need the following softwares:

 Linux 7.1 or Windows 95/98/2000/XP operating system.

 Java JDK 5

 Microsoft Notepad or any other text editor

This tutorial will provide the necessary skills to create GUI, networking, and Web applications using Java.

What is Next?

Next chapter will guide you to where you can obtain Java and its documentation. Finally, it instructs you on how to

install Java and prepare an environment to develop Java applications.

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