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Applied

Surface

Science

334

(2015)

110–114

Contents

lists

available

at

ScienceDirect

Applied

Surface

Science

journal

h

om

epa

ge:

www.elsevier.com/locate/apsusc

Extended

short-wavelength

spectral

response

of

organic/(silver

nanoparticles/Si

nanoholes

nanocomposite

ﬁlms)

hybrid

solar

cells

due

to

localized

surface

plasmon

resonance

Zhixin

Liu

a

,

Ling

Xu

a,∗

,

Wengping

Zhang

a

,

Zhaoyun

Ge

a

,

Jun

Xu

a

,

Weining

Su

b

,

Yao

Yu

b

,

Zhongyuan

Ma

a

,

Kunji

Chen

a

a

National

Laboratory

of

Solid

State

Microstructures

and

Jiangsu

Provincial

Key

Laboratory

of

Photonic

and

Electronic

Materials

Sciences

and

Technology,

School

of

Electronic

Science

and

Engineering,

Nanjing

University,

Nanjing

210093,

People’s

Republic

of

China

b

National

Laboratory

of

Solid

State

Microstructures

and

Department

of

Physics,

Nanjing

University,

Nanjing

210093,

People’s

Republic

of

China

a

r

t

i

c

l

e

i

n

f

o

Article

history:

Received

12

June

2014

Received

in

revised

form

12

August

2014

Accepted

13

August

2014

Available

online

21

August

2014

Keywords:

AgNPs/SiNHs

nanocomposite

ﬁlms

Hybrid

solar

cell

EQE

LSPR

a

b

s

t

r

a

c

t

In

this

letter,

we

investigated

spectral

and

opto-electronic

conversion

properties

of

the

inorganic/organic

hybrid

cells

by

using

silver

nanoparticles

(AgNPs)/Si

nanoholes

(SiNHs)

nanocomposite

ﬁlms,

which

were

fabricated

by

the

modiﬁed

metal-assisted

electroless

etching

(EE)

method.

It

was

found

that

the

optical

absorption

spectra

of

the

ﬁlms

with

AgNPs

demonstrate

a

clear

peak

and

show

the

enhancement

of

total

absorption

at

the

short

wavelength.

The

results

of

current–voltage

(I–V)

measurements

show

that

solar

cells

with

AgNPs

exhibit

an

increase

of

the

power

conversion

efﬁciency

by

a

factor

of

2–3,

in

comparison

with

those

of

the

samples

without

AgNPs.

Moreover,

higher

external

quantum

efﬁciency

(EQE)

values

in

AgNPs-decorated

solar

cells

were

conﬁrmed

in

the

short-wavelength

spectral

region

(400–700

nm),

which

were

essential

to

achieve

high-performance

photovoltaic

cells.

We

thought

these

were

mainly

attributed

to

the

localized

surface

plasmon

resonance

(LSPR)

effects

and

increased

light

scattering

of

AgNPs.

©

2014

Elsevier

B.V.

All

rights

reserved.

1.

Introduction

Advanced

solar

cells

(SCs)

based

on

silicon

are

a

very

hot

research

topic

in

the

ﬁeld

of

opto-electronic

devices.

Neverthe-

less,

the

best

efﬁciency

of

Si

homo-junction

SCs

is

less

than

30%

due

to

large

thermalization,

transmission

losses

and

recombina-

tion

[1].

Therefore,

it

is

highly

desired

to

improve

the

absorption

and

conversion

efﬁciency

of

silicon-based

solar

cells

in

a

wide

spectral

range.

One

of

the

interesting

approaches

is

to

use

nano-

materials

and

nanostructures

such

as

Si

nanowires

(SiNWs)

and

Si

nanoholes

(SiNHs).

These

SiNWs

or

SiNHs

with

high

aspect

ratios

posses

signiﬁcant

light-trapping

capabilities

and

could

serve

as

an

anti-reﬂection

layer

for

solar

cells.

Furthermore,

compared

with

silicon,

they

have

superior

charge

separation

capability

and

at

the

same

time

provide

high-mobility

pathway

from

the

active

interface

to

the

electrodes

for

carriers.

Finally,

they

can

be

fabricated

by

the

metal-assisted

electroless

etching

(EE)

method

in

the

room

temper-

ature

[2–7].

Besides,

SiNHs

exhibit

greater

mechanical

robustness

∗

Corresponding

author.

E-mail

addresses:

xuling@nju.edu.cn,

okxuling@gmail.com

(L.

Xu).

than

SiNWs,

and

provide

a

ﬂat

surface

which

facilitates

superior

electrical

contact

with

the

top

metal

electrode

[8,9].

It

has

been

reported

that

SiNHs

with

excellent

anti-reﬂection

were

applied

to

enhance

photovoltaic

performance

[9].

However,

the

further

improvement

of

conversion

efﬁciency

for

the

solar

cell

based

on

nanostructures

was

impeded

by

the

low

short-wavelength

spectral

response

for

Si.

In

order

to

mitigate

this

problem,

some

special

methods,

such

as

surface

modiﬁcation

of

nanostructure

arrays

and

incorporation

of

metal

nanoparticles,

have

been

used.

Some

research

groups

have

demonstrated

the

application

of

metal

nanoparticles

in

opto-electronic

devices

based

on

the

surface

plasmon

resonance

(SPR)

effects

[10–12].

Using

the

SPR

effect

of

metal

nanoparticles

(NPs)

can

be

a

new

promising

approach

to

enhance

the

light

absorption

which

is

important

for

spectral

response

of

the

solar

cells.

Besides,

the

surface

plasmon

excitation

by

light

at

speciﬁc

wavelengths

in

metallic

nanoparti-

cles

will

lead

to

enhancement

of

electric

ﬁeld

intensities

(|E|

2

),

and

the

ﬁelds

beneﬁt

to

the

photo-induced

charge

separation

[13–16].

In

this

work,

we

fabricated

AgNPs/SiNHs

nanocomposite

ﬁlms

by

the

modiﬁed

EE

method

to

enhance

the

light

absorption

at

the

short

wavelength

based

on

LSPR

effects.

The

optical

proper-

ties

and

electric

ﬁeld

intensity

distributions

of

the

structures

with

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.08.077

0169-4332/©

2014

Elsevier

B.V.

All

rights

reserved.

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