三星S5P4418 4核ISP处理器用户手册V0.10：调试与应用指南

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S5P4418是一款由三星公司开发的专用于图像处理的应用处理器，其版本为0.10，发布于2014年10月。这款4核CPU以其出色的性能和在相机应用中的强大能力而著称，特别适合用于ISP（图像信号处理器）的开发和调试。它的设计旨在提供高质量的图像处理解决方案，对于需要高性能图像处理功能的设备，如智能手机、无人机或专业相机系统，S5P4418是一个理想的选择。 S5P4418的特点包括： 1. **4核心架构**: 该处理器拥有4个独立的核心，这意味着它可以同时执行多个任务，提高整体性能，确保在多任务环境下的流畅运行。这对于需要处理大量图片数据或者进行复杂图像算法计算的应用来说是至关重要的。 2. **图像处理能力**: S5P4418专门针对图像处理进行了优化，能够高效地进行像素级的运算，包括色彩校正、降噪、增强、以及图像压缩等。这对于相机传感器的后处理和实时图像处理有着显著的优势。 3. **调试与支持**: 用户手册提供了详尽的调试指南，使得开发者能够更轻松地对ISP进行测试和优化，有助于快速解决问题并提升产品质量。 4. **版权与责任声明**: 三星电子保留了随时更新文档内容的权利，用户手册仅供参考，不构成任何形式的产品保修或法律保证。使用过程中可能出现的错误或遗漏，以及因使用信息导致的问题，三星概不负责。 5. **知识产权声明**: 该出版物本身并不授予任何关于三星或第三方产品的知识产权许可，无论是明示还是默示。用户在使用产品时应自行评估其适用性，并确保遵守所有相关的知识产权法规。 S5P4418作为一款强大的4418图像处理CPU，是那些寻求高性能图像处理解决方案的开发者和制造商的理想选择。它不仅提供了丰富的功能，还为开发者提供了完善的文档支持，帮助他们在实际应用中充分发挥其性能潜力。然而，在使用过程中，用户需理解并承担可能存在的风险，充分考虑产品特性与具体应用场景的兼容性。

Samsung Confidential

38.3.1 Block Diagram of MIPI DSI System .............................................................................................. 38-3

38.3.2 Interfaces and Protocol ................................................................................................................. 38-6

38.3.3 Configuration .............................................................................................................................. 38-12

38.3.4 PLL ............................................................................................................................................. 38-12

38.3.5 Buffer .......................................................................................................................................... 38-12

38.4 Register Description ........................................................................................................................... 38-13

38.4.1 Register Map Summary .............................................................................................................. 38-13

38.5 CSIS ................................................................................................................................................... 38-41

38.5.1 Interfaces and Protocol ............................................................................................................... 38-41

38.5.2 Configuration .............................................................................................................................. 38-46

38.5.3 Interrupt ...................................................................................................................................... 38-46

38.5.4 Clock Specification ..................................................................................................................... 38-47

38.5.5 Register Description ................................................................................................................... 38-48

38.6 D-PHY ................................................................................................................................................ 38-60

38.6.1 Architecture ................................................................................................................................. 38-60

39 VIDEO INPUT PROCESSOR (VIP)............................................................ 39-1

39.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................................. 39-1

39.2 Features ............................................................................................................................................... 39-1

39.3 VIP Interconnection .............................................................................................................................. 39-2

39.3.1 Block Diagram .............................................................................................................................. 39-2

39.3.2 Clock Generation .......................................................................................................................... 39-2

39.4 Video Input Port ................................................................................................................................... 39-3

39.4.1 Block Diagram .............................................................................................................................. 39-3

39.4.2 Sync Generation ........................................................................................................................... 39-4

39.4.3 External Data Valid and Field ....................................................................................................... 39-9

39.4.4 Data Order .................................................................................................................................. 39-10

39.4.5 Status .......................................................................................................................................... 39-11

39.4.6 FIFO Controls ............................................................................................................................. 39-11

39.4.7 Recommend Setting for Video Input Port ................................................................................... 39-12

39.5 Clipper & Decimator ........................................................................................................................... 39-13

39.5.1 Clipping & Scale-down ............................................................................................................... 39-13

39.5.2 Output Data Format .................................................................................................................... 39-14

39.5.3 Interlace Scan Mode ................................................................................................................... 39-16

39.5.4 Pixels Alignment ......................................................................................................................... 39-16

39.6 Interrupt Generation ........................................................................................................................... 39-17

39.7 Register Description ........................................................................................................................... 39-18

39.7.1 Register Map Summary .............................................................................................................. 39-18

40 MULTI-FORMAT VIDEO CODEC .............................................................. 40-1

40.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................................. 40-1

40.2 Functional Description ......................................................................................................................... 40-2

40.2.1 List of Video CODECs .................................................................................................................. 40-2

40.2.2 Supported Video Encoding Tools ................................................................................................. 40-3

40.2.3 Supported Video Decoding Tools ................................................................................................. 40-5

40.2.4 Supported JPEG Tools ................................................................................................................. 40-7

40.2.5 Non-codec related features .......................................................................................................... 40-7

41 3D GRAPHIC ENGINE .............................................................................. 41-1

41.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................................. 41-1

41.2 Features ............................................................................................................................................... 41-2

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Samsung Confidential

41.2.1 Pixel Processor Features ............................................................................................................. 41-2

41.2.2 Geometry Processor Features ..................................................................................................... 41-3

41.2.3 Level 2 Cache Controller Features ............................................................................................... 41-3

41.2.4 MMU ............................................................................................................................................. 41-3

41.2.5 PMU .............................................................................................................................................. 41-3

41.3 Operation ............................................................................................................................................. 41-4

41.3.1 Clock ............................................................................................................................................. 41-4

41.3.2 Reset ............................................................................................................................................ 41-4

41.3.3 Interrupt ........................................................................................................................................ 41-4

42 CRYPTO ENGINE ..................................................................................... 42-1

42.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................................. 42-1

42.2 Features ............................................................................................................................................... 42-1

42.3 Block Diagram ...................................................................................................................................... 42-2

42.4 Functional Description ......................................................................................................................... 42-4

42.4.1 Polling Mode ................................................................................................................................. 42-4

42.4.2 Mode ............................................................................................................................................. 42-4

42.5 Register Description ............................................................................................................................. 42-5

42.5.1 Register Map Summary ................................................................................................................ 42-5

43 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS .......................................................... 43-1

43.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings ................................................................................................................. 43-1

43.2 Recommended Operating Conditions .................................................................................................. 43-2

43.3 D.C. Electrical Characteristics ............................................................................................................. 43-4

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List of Figures

Figure Title Page

Number Number

Figure 1-1 Block Diagram ................................................................................................................................... 1-3

Figure 2-1 Mechanical Dimension - Bottom View .............................................................................................. 2-1

Figure 2-2 Mechanical Dimension - Top, Side View .......................................................................................... 2-2

Figure 2-3 Mechanical Dimension - Dimension Value ....................................................................................... 2-2

Figure 2-4 FCBGA Ball Map (Top View) ............................................................................................................ 2-3

Figure 2-5 FCBGA Ball Map (Top View) - Upper Left Side ................................................................................ 2-4

Figure 2-6 FCBGA Ball Map (Top View) - Upper Right Side ............................................................................. 2-5

Figure 2-7 FCBGA Ball Map (Top View) - Lower Left Side ................................................................................ 2-6

Figure 2-8 FCBGA Ball Map (Top View) - Lower Right Side ............................................................................. 2-7

Figure 3-1 External Static Memory Boot ............................................................................................................ 3-6

Figure 3-2 USBBOOT Operation ....................................................................................................................... 3-8

Figure 3-3 SDHCBOOT Operation ................................................................................................................... 3-11

Figure 3-4 eMMC Boot ..................................................................................................................................... 3-12

Figure 3-5 NANDBOOTEC Operation .............................................................................................................. 3-13

Figure 4-1 Block Diagram ................................................................................................................................... 4-2

Figure 4-2 Block Diagram of PLL ....................................................................................................................... 4-3

Figure 4-3 CPU Clock ...................................................................................................................................... 4-11

Figure 4-4 System BUS Clock.......................................................................................................................... 4-12

Figure 4-5 Memory BUS Clock......................................................................................................................... 4-13

Figure 4-6 System BUS Clock.......................................................................................................................... 4-14

Figure 4-7 System BUS Clock.......................................................................................................................... 4-14

Figure 4-8 Power Management Sequence ...................................................................................................... 4-16

Figure 4-9 Power Down Mode Sequence ........................................................................................................ 4-19

Figure 4-10 Wake Up Block Diagram ............................................................................................................... 4-20

Figure 4-11 Power-On Reset Sequence .......................................................................................................... 4-21

Figure 4-12 Power On Sequence for Wakeup ................................................................................................. 4-22

Figure 4-13 Power Off Sequence ..................................................................................................................... 4-23

Figure 4-14 Example Implementation of ProgQoS Control Registers for 2×1 Interconnect ............................ 4-25

Figure 4-15 Example Operation of RR Arbitration Scheme ............................................................................. 4-27

Figure 5-1 Interconnection Example of Clock Generator ................................................................................... 5-1

Figure 5-2 Block Diagram of Clock Generator Level 0 ...................................................................................... 5-2

Figure 5-3 Block Diagram of Clock Generator Level 1 ...................................................................................... 5-7

Figure 5-4 Block Diagram of Clock Generator Level 2 .................................................................................... 5-18

Figure 6-1 System L2 Cache Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 6-3

Figure 7-1 Secure JTAG Block Diagram ............................................................................................................ 7-2

Figure 8-1 DMAC Block Diagram ....................................................................................................................... 8-3

Figure 8-2 LLI Example .................................................................................................................................... 8-15

Figure 9-1 Interrupt Request Logic in 1 Channel ............................................................................................... 9-2

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Figure 9-2 FIQ Interrupt Logic in 1 Channel ....................................................................................................... 9-2

Figure 10-1 Watchdog Timer Block Diagram ................................................................................................... 10-2

Figure 11-1 RTC Block Diagram ...................................................................................................................... 11-2

Figure 12-1 Power Switch Control Sequence .................................................................................................. 12-7

Figure 13-1 Sense Mode Timing ...................................................................................................................... 13-3

Figure 13-2 Scan-Latch Mode Timing .............................................................................................................. 13-4

Figure 13-3 Fuse Programming Operation Using Single Macro ...................................................................... 13-5

Figure 13-4 Fuse Programming Operation Using Single Macro ...................................................................... 13-5

Figure 14-1 Memory Controller Block Diagram ................................................................................................ 14-2

Figure 14-2 Memory Map ................................................................................................................................. 14-5

Figure 14-3 Linear Address Mapping ............................................................................................................... 14-6

Figure 14-4 Linear Address Mapping ............................................................................................................... 14-6

Figure 14-5 Static Memory Map Shadow ....................................................................................................... 14-23

Figure 14-6 16-bit Data Bus width SDRAM Interface .................................................................................... 14-24

Figure 14-7 16-bit Data Bus width SDRAM Interface .................................................................................... 14-25

Figure 15-1 GPIO Block Diagram .................................................................................................................... 15-2

Figure 16-1 Block Diagram of the Ethernet MAC ............................................................................................. 16-3

Figure 16-2 RGMII Interface between MAC and Gigabit Ethernet PHY .......................................................... 16-4

Figure 17-1 Block Diagram of Mobile Storage Host ......................................................................................... 17-2

Figure 17-2 Block Diagram of Mobile Storage Host ......................................................................................... 17-3

Figure 18-1 PPM Block Diagram ...................................................................................................................... 18-1

Figure 18-2 IR Remote Example Protocol ....................................................................................................... 18-2

Figure 18-3 PPM Timing .................................................................................................................................. 18-3

Figure 18-4 IR Remote Receiver Flowchart ..................................................................................................... 18-4

Figure 19-1 Simple Example of PWM Cycle .................................................................................................... 19-1

Figure 19-2 PWMTIMER Block Diagram ......................................................................................................... 19-4

Figure 19-3 PWMTIMER Clock Tree Diagram ................................................................................................. 19-5

Figure 19-4 PWMTIMER Detailed Clock Tree Diagram .................................................................................. 19-6

Figure 19-5 Timer Operations .......................................................................................................................... 19-7

Figure 19-6 Example of Double Buffering Feature .......................................................................................... 19-8

Figure 19-7 Example of Timer Operation ......................................................................................................... 19-9

Figure 19-8 Example of PWM ........................................................................................................................ 19-10

Figure 19-9 Inverter On/Off ............................................................................................................................ 19-11

Figure 19-10 The Waveform when a Dead Zone Feature is Enabled ........................................................... 19-12

Figure 20-1 ADC Block Diagram ...................................................................................................................... 20-2

Figure 20-2 Main Waveform ............................................................................................................................. 20-4

Figure 20-3 ADC Sequence Flowchart ............................................................................................................ 20-6

Figure 21-1 Connection of Devices to the I2C-Bus .......................................................................................... 21-3

Figure 21-2 Bi-Direction PAD Structure of the I2C-Bus ................................................................................... 21-3

Figure 21-3 Start/Stop Condition of I2C-Bus.................................................................................................... 21-4

Figure 21-4 I2C-Bus Data Format .................................................................................................................... 21-5

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Figure 21-5 Data Transfer on the I2C-Bus ....................................................................................................... 21-6

Figure 21-6 Arbitration Procedure between Two Masters ............................................................................... 21-7

Figure 21-7 Clock Synchronization .................................................................................................................. 21-8

Figure 21-8 Acknowledge on the I2C-Bus ....................................................................................................... 21-9

Figure 21-9 Timing on the SCL and SDA ....................................................................................................... 21-11

Figure 21-10 Functional Block Diagram of I2C-Bus ....................................................................................... 21-12

Figure 21-11 Master Transmitter Mode Operation ......................................................................................... 21-13

Figure 21-12 Master Receiver Mode Operation ............................................................................................. 21-14

Figure 21-13 Slave Transmitter Mode Operation ........................................................................................... 21-15

Figure 21-14 Slave Receiver Mode Operation ............................................................................................... 21-16

Figure 21-15 Linked Layer of the I2C-Bus ..................................................................................................... 21-17

Figure 21-16 Delays between the I2C-Bus Commands ................................................................................. 21-17

Figure 22-1 SPI/SSP Block Diagram ............................................................................................................... 22-2

Figure 22-2 Texas Instruments Synchronous Serial Frame Format (Single Transfer) .................................... 22-7

Figure 22-3 TI Synchronous Serial Frame Format (Continuous Transfer) ...................................................... 22-8

Figure 22-4 Motorola SPI Frame Format (Single Transfer) with SPO = 0 and SPH = 0 ............................... 22-10

Figure 22-5 Motorola SPI Frame Format (Continuous Transfer) with SPO = 0 and SPH = 0 ....................... 22-10

Figure 22-6 Motorola SPI Frame Format with SPO = 0 and SPH = 1 ........................................................... 22-12

Figure 22-7 Motorola SPI Frame Format (Single Transfer) with SPO = 1 and SPH = 0 ............................... 22-13

Figure 22-8 Motorola SPI Frame Format (Continuous Transfer) with SPO = 1 and SPH = 0 ....................... 22-13

Figure 22-9 Motorola SPI Frame Format with SPO = 1 and SPH = 1 ........................................................... 22-15

Figure 22-10 Microwire frame format (single transfer) ................................................................................... 22-16

Figure 22-11 Microwire Frame Format (Continuous Transfers) ..................................................................... 22-17

Figure 22-12 Microwire Frame Format, SSPFSSIN Input Setup and Hold Requirements ............................ 22-17

Figure 23-1 Basic Transfer Timing Diagram .................................................................................................... 23-2

Figure 23-2 MPEG TS Timing at Serial Mode.................................................................................................. 23-2

Figure 23-3 Capture I/F PID Structure ........................................................................................................... 23-15

Figure 23-4 Basic AES/CSA PID Structure .................................................................................................... 23-15

Figure 24-1 UART Block Diagram .................................................................................................................... 24-4

Figure 24-2 IrDA SIR RNDEC Block Diagram ................................................................................................. 24-7

Figure 24-3 Baud rate divisor ......................................................................................................................... 24-10

Figure 24-4 UART Character Frame .............................................................................................................. 24-14

Figure 24-5 IrDA Data Modulation (3/16) ....................................................................................................... 24-14

Figure 24-6 DMA Transfer Waveforms .......................................................................................................... 24-17

Figure 24-7 Smart Card Adepter Interface ..................................................................................................... 24-21

Figure 25-1 USB 2.0 OTG Block Diagram ....................................................................................................... 25-2

Figure 25-2 Charge Pump Connection ............................................................................................................ 25-6

Figure 26-1 USB2.0 HOST Block Diagram ...................................................................................................... 26-2

Figure 27-1 Block Diagram of the I2S Controller ............................................................................................. 27-2

Figure 27-2 Basic Clock Tree ........................................................................................................................... 27-4

Figure 27-3 I2S Audio Serial Data Formats ..................................................................................................... 27-5

Figure 27-4 TX FIFO Structure for BLC = 00 or BLC = 01 ............................................................................... 27-8

Figure 27-5 TX FIFO Structure for BLC = 10 (24 bits/channel) ....................................................................... 27-9

Figure 27-6 RX FIFO Structure for BLC = 00 or BLC = 01 ............................................................................ 27-11

Figure 27-7 RX FIFO Structure for BLC = 10 (24 bits/channel) ..................................................................... 27-12

Figure 28-1 AC97 Block Diagram .................................................................................................................... 28-2

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