《Linux系统编程》第二版

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"Linux System Programming 2nd edition 2013" 《Linux系统编程》第二版是由Robert Love编写的，这是一本深入探讨Linux操作系统编程的权威书籍。该书详细介绍了如何在Linux环境下进行系统级编程，涵盖了广泛的议题，包括进程管理、线程、内存管理、文件系统、网络编程、信号处理以及I/O等关键领域。本书针对的是有一定C语言基础和对操作系统有一定了解的读者，旨在帮助他们掌握Linux系统编程的核心技术。作者Robert Love是一位经验丰富的Linux内核开发者和系统程序员，他通过清晰的解释和实例代码，使复杂的系统编程概念变得易于理解。在第二版中，作者更新了部分内容，以反映Linux系统的最新发展和变化。可能包含对新版本内核API的介绍，以及对先前技术的改进和最佳实践。此外，这本书还包含了关于错误处理、调试技巧和性能优化的章节，这些都是进行系统编程时不可或缺的知识。编辑团队由Andy Oram和Maria Gulick领导，确保了内容的准确性和专业性。生产编辑Rachel Steely、复制编辑Amanda Kersey和校对员Charles Roumeliotis则共同保证了书籍的高质量出版。该书还配备了一个索引，方便读者快速查找所需信息。封面设计由Randy Comer完成，内部布局由David Futato设计，插图由Rebecca Demarest绘制。此外，这本书的在线版本也在Safari Books Online上提供，为读者提供了更灵活的学习方式。《Linux系统编程》第二版的发布日期为2013年5月，后续可能会有更新和修正，读者可以通过O'Reilly官方网站的错误报告页面跟踪相关信息。这本书是Linux开发者、系统管理员和任何对Linux系统底层工作原理感兴趣的读者的宝贵资源。它不仅提供了深入的技术知识，还帮助读者理解和利用Linux的强大功能进行高效编程。

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Preface

This book is about system programming on Linux. System programming is the practice

of writing system software, which is code that lives at a low level, talking directly to the

kernel and core system libraries. Put another way, the topic of the book is Linux system

calls and low-level functions such as those defined by the C library.

While many books cover system programming for Unix systems, few tackle the subject

with a focus solely on Linux, and fewer still address the very latest Linux releases and

advanced Linux-only interfaces. Moreover, this book benefits from a special touch: I

have written a lot of code for Linux, both for the kernel and for system software built

thereon. In fact, I have implemented some of the system calls and other features covered

in this book. Consequently, this book carries a lot of insider knowledge, covering not

just how the system interfaces should work, but how they actually work and how you

can use them most efficiently. This book, therefore, combines in a single work a tutorial

on Linux system programming, a reference manual covering the Linux system calls, and

an insider’s guide to writing smarter, faster code. The text is fun and accessible, and

regardless of whether you code at the system level on a daily basis, this book will teach

you tricks that will enable you to be a better software engineer.

Audience and Assumptions

The following pages assume that the reader is familiar with C programming and the

Linux programming environment—not necessarily well-versed in the subjects, but at

least acquainted with them. If you are not comfortable with a Unix text editor—Emacs

and vim being the most common and highly regarded—start playing with one. You’ll

also want to be familiar with the basics of using gcc, gdb, make, and so on. Plenty of

other books on tools and practices for Linux programming are out there; Appendix B

at the end of this book lists several useful references.

I’ve made few assumptions about the reader’s knowledge of Unix or Linux system pro‐

gramming. This book will start from the ground up, beginning with the basics, and

xvii

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winding its way up to the most advanced interfaces and optimization tricks. Readers of

all levels, I hope, will find this work worthwhile and learn something new. In the course

of writing the book, I certainly did.

Similarly, I make few assumptions about the persuasion or motivation of the reader.

Engineers wishing to program (better) at the system level are obviously targeted, but

higher-level programmers looking for a stronger foundation will also find a lot to in‐

terest them. Merely curious hackers are also welcome, for this book should satiate that

hunger, too. This book aims to cast a net wide enough to satisfy most programmers.

Regardless of your motives, above all else, have fun.

Contents of This Book

This book is broken into 11 chapters and two appendices.

Chapter 1, Introduction and Essential Concepts

This chapter serves as an introduction, providing an overview of Linux, system

programming, the kernel, the C library, and the C compiler. Even advanced users

should visit this chapter.

Chapter 2, File I/O

This chapter introduces files, the most important abstraction in the Unix environ‐

ment, and file I/O, the basis of the Linux programming mode. It covers reading

from and writing to files, along with other basic file I/O operations. The chapter

culminates with a discussion on how the Linux kernel implements and manages

files.

Chapter 3, Buffered I/O

This chapter discusses an issue with the basic file I/O interfaces—buffer size man‐

agement—and introduces buffered I/O in general, and standard I/O in particular,

as solutions.

Chapter 4, Advanced File I/O

This chapter completes the I/O troika with a treatment on advanced I/O interfaces,

memory mappings, and optimization techniques. The chapter is capped with a

discussion on avoiding seeks and the role of the Linux kernel’s I/O scheduler.

Chapter 5, Process Management

This chapter introduces Unix’s second most important abstraction, the process, and

the family of system calls for basic process management, including the venerable

fork.

Chapter 6, Advanced Process Management

This chapter continues the treatment with a discussion of advanced process man‐

agement, including real-time processes.

xviii | Preface

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