神经网络在应用科学与工程中的挑战与模型构建

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《神经网络在应用科学与工程中的应用》([book] Neural Networks for Applied Sciences and Engineering)是由Taylor & Francis Group, LLC于2006年出版的一本专著。本书旨在探讨和介绍神经网络在理解生物、生态和自然系统中的复杂性和挑战,以及它们在数据分析中的基础理论和实际应用。 在序言中,作者可能阐述了写作本书的初衷,强调了神经网络研究的重要性及其在跨学科领域的潜力,特别是在处理非线性问题时所展现出的强大适应能力。书中提到的“从数据到模型:理解生物、生态和自然系统中的复杂性与挑战”一章,可能会深入探讨如何将大量复杂的数据转化为可以预测和解释现象的模型,以及面临的理论和技术难题。 第二章“神经网络和模型的基石:线性数据分析”涵盖了神经网络的基础概念。首先,通过引言部分,作者可能解释了神经网络如何模仿人脑的工作原理,作为数学模型来解决现实世界的问题。接着,章节介绍了神经网络的基本单元——神经元,以及它们的信息处理能力。作者可能会提及神经元如何通过突触传递信号,并讨论了不同类型的神经元模型,如阈值神经元作为简单的分类器。 学习策略是神经网络的核心部分,2.5节详细讨论了几种关键的学习方法:Hebbian学习,这是一种基于经验和关联的强化学习方式,强调了神经元之间的权重调整;无监督或竞争学习,通过让网络自我组织来发现数据结构;以及有监督学习,其中外部输入与预期输出之间的误差用于调整网络参数。著名的Perceptron算法,作为监督学习的一种实例,可能会在此处被详细介绍,包括其工作原理和在训练过程中的优化策略。 整体上,这本书不仅提供了神经网络理论的深度剖析,还结合了实际应用案例,展示了如何将这些理论应用于解决工程和科学研究中的实际问题。对于那些对生物信息学、机器学习、人工智能或者生态学等领域感兴趣的读者来说,这是一本极具价值的参考书籍。
2016-10-07 上传
In response to the exponentially increasing need to analyze vast amounts of data, Neural Networks for Applied Sciences and Engineering: From Fundamentals to Complex Pattern Recognition provides scientists with a simple but systematic introduction to neural networks. Beginning with an introductory discussion on the role of neural networks in scientific data analysis, this book provides a solid foundation of basic neural network concepts. It contains an overview of neural network architectures for practical data analysis followed by extensive step-by-step coverage on linear networks, as well as, multi-layer perceptron for nonlinear prediction and classification explaining all stages of processing and model development illustrated through practical examples and case studies. Later chapters present an extensive coverage on Self Organizing Maps for nonlinear data clustering, recurrent networks for linear nonlinear time series forecasting, and other network types suitable for scientific data analysis. With an easy to understand format using extensive graphical illustrations and multidisciplinary scientific context, this book fills the gap in the market for neural networks for multi-dimensional scientific data, and relates neural networks to statistics. Features x Explains neural networks in a multi-disciplinary context x Uses extensive graphical illustrations to explain complex mathematical concepts for quick and easy understanding ? Examines in-depth neural networks for linear and nonlinear prediction, classification, clustering and forecasting x Illustrates all stages of model development and interpretation of results, including data preprocessing, data dimensionality reduction, input selection, model development and validation, model uncertainty assessment, sensitivity analyses on inputs, errors and model parameters Sandhya Samarasinghe obtained her MSc in Mechanical Engineering from Lumumba University in Russia and an MS and PhD in Engineering from Virginia Tech, USA. Her neural networks research focuses on theoretical understanding and advancements as well as practical implementations.