第
24
在第
2
期
2010
{t
二
4
)j
现代地
a
质
GEOSCIENCE
长江源区蒸散量变化规律及其影晌因素
裴超重钱开铸吕京京辛元红
2
梁四海万
力
l
(1.中国地质大学水资源与环境学院,北京
1
∞
083
;
2.
青海省水文地质
E
程地质环境地质调查院,青海西宁
810008)
Vo
l.
24
No.2
Apr.20
1O
摘要:利用情问分辨率为
1
100
m
的
NOAA
遥感数据,运用表面能量平衡系统(
SEBS)
模型,结合当地气象站实际观测
数据,ì[-算
r
1991
-2
∞
1
年长江源区的蒸散量,运用线性回归的方法计算了源区各像素点的蒸散量变化启势,统计。分
析
fr
嚣散茧的多年变化规律。运用地理信息系统技术分析了气温、地表温度、降水量和植被指数(
NDVT)
哼主爱因素对
蒸散量变化的影响。研究结果表明,源区蒸散量以
6.8
m
m/
a
的速度增加。全球变暖引起的气温、地表注
11
度的升高是蒸
散最增加的主要原因;在空间分布上,河流左岸阳坡蒸散量增加,右岸阴坡蒸散量减小;降水量、植被覆盖度分别与
蒸散虽有很好的正相关关系,源区东南部降水量大,植被相对旺盛,蒸腾作用强烈,蒸散量大;同北部|海水陆小,植
被
't"
长稀疏,蒸散量较小。
关键词:蒸散是;表面能量平衡系统;植被指数;长江源区
中图分类号P3
32.2
文献标志码
A
文章编号∞
0-8527(2010)02
-0362
-07
The Variatioo of Evapotraspiratioo aod the Impacts
00
It
io the Source Regioo of the Yaogtze River
PEI Chao-zhong
'
, QIAN Kai-zhu
'
,
LÜ
Jing-jing
'
, XIN Yuan-hong
2
, LIANG Si-hai
'
,
WAN
Li
'
(1.
School
0/
Water
Resources
and Environment ,
Chin
α
Uni
四
rsity
0/
Ge
osciences
,
Beijing
∞
083
,
Chin
α;
2.
Survey
/,阳
titute
0/
Environme
时
,
Hydrogeology
α
nd
Engineering
Ge
ology , Xining ,
Qingh
α81
∞
08
,
China)
Abstract:
The source region of the Yangtze River has experienced eco-hydrology deterioration in lastest 2 to 3
decades. To analyse the region hydrological variations , exploit Surface Energy Balance System
(SEBS)
, hased
on NOAA remote sensing data
, and the meteorological data provided hy local meteorological stations ,
we
calcu-
lated the annual evapotranspiration
(ET)
in the source region of the Yangtze River from
1991
to
200
1.
Emplo-
ying linear regression method to count the evapotranspiration trends in
everγpixel
,
we
analysed the inter-annual
variation of evapotranspiration spatially. Using Geographic Information System
, the impacts of temperature , sur-
face land temperature
, precipitation and NDVI (vegetation index) on evapotranspiration variation have heen as-
sessed. The results show that evapotraspiration increases at the speed of
6. 8 m
m/
a. The rising temperatures
with the Glohal Warming are the main factors to lead to the inter-annual evapotraspiration increasing in the las-
test
two
decades. In space , evapotranspiration increases
at
the left hank of the Yangtze River, which is sunny
aspect
, while the evapotranspiration decreases at the right hank of the river , hack sides of the mountains. Pre-
cipitation and vegetation coverage have a good positive correlation with evapotranspiration respectively. Evapo-
transpiration in the southeast of the region with large rainfall and relatively dense vegetation is larger than that in
the northwest of the region with small rainfall and sparse vegetation. Findings of this study may he significant for
finding out relationship hetween water resources and climate changes.
Key
words:
evapotranspiration; SEBS; NDVI; source region of the Yangtze River
收稿日期:
2009
-09
一
08;
改回日期:
2010
-03
一
14;
责任编辑:戚开静。
基金项目:国家自然科学重大研究计划项目
(90302
∞
3)
。
作者简介:裴超重,男,硕士研究生,
1984
年出生,水文地质学专业,主要从事生态水文学研究。
Email:
peichaofa
n2
003@
163.
com
o