NAS Switch: A Novel CIFS Server Virtualization
Wataru Katsurashima, Satoshi Yamakawa,
Takashi Torii, Jun Ishikawa,
and Yoshihide Kikuchi
Internet Systems Research Laboratories,
NEC Corporation
w-katsurashima@bq.jp.nec.com,
s-yamakawa@cj.jp.nec.com,
t-torii@ce.jp.nec.com,
j-ishikawa@bc.jp.nec.com,
y-kikuchi@dc.jp.nec.com
Kouji Yamaguti, Kazuaki Fujii,
and Toshihiro Nakashima
NEC Software Kyushu, Ltd.
k-yamaguchi@px.jp.nec.com,
k-fujii@pv.jp.nec.com,
t-nakashima@pq.jp.nec.com
Abstract
This paper proposes a CIFS Server virtualization
method which requires no proprietary software or
hardware for clients or NAS units. The method is
implemented as an in-band network application between
clients and NAS units, and it provides users and
administrators with a single virtual NAS system that
incorporates all their units. Since almost all name
resolution operations are performed by individual NAS
units independently, use of this method imposes only a
very light computational load and creates little latency.
1. Introduction
The ease of introduction and management of those file
server appliances known as Network Attached Storage
(NAS) devices has led to their recent extensive use in
environments ranging from small offices to data centers.
The convenience of a NAS system tends to decrease
gradually, however, as the number of NAS units in it
increases because, while management becomes more
complex in proportion to the number of units, the
capacity and performance of such a storage system do not
increase to the same degree. Management of multiple
storage units can be particularly complex because, when
data is being transferred from one unit to another, service
for all clients must be stopped with respect to those units.
The creation of a single “virtual-NAS” system
incorporating multiple storage units has been proposed to
ease the problems of increased scale. Conventional
approaches to such virtualization may be classified into
two types, NAS-based virtualization [1, 2, 3] and out-of-
band virtualization [4, 5]. Because both these approaches
require that clients and/or NAS units be equipped with
either proprietary software or hardware, however, they
would be difficult to introduce and could not be
efficiently adopted within existing systems.
By way of contrast, this paper proposes a virtualization
method which requires no proprietary software or
hardware for clients or NAS units. The method,
described in the sections which follow, can also easily be
generalized for use with common file servers. It is
implemented as an in-band network application between
clients and NAS units, and it provides users and
administrators with a single virtual NAS system that
incorporates all their units. Since almost all name
resolution operations are performed by individual NAS
units independently, use of this method imposes only a
very light computational load and creates little latency.
While the use of the method with respect to the
Network File System (NFS) is briefly discussed in
Section 6, this paper otherwise focuses on its use with
respect to the Common Internet File System (CIFS)
protocol alone.
2. System Architecture
Figure 1 shows one possible configuration for the
proposed method. The NAS Switch, our proposed
virtualization switch, is simply connected to the IP
network to which clients and NAS units are connected.
Neither clients nor NAS units require any proprietary
software or hardware; the only requirement is use of the
CIFS protocol.
The NAS Switch provides clients with virtual share-
folders, corresponding to the actual share-folders in the
NAS units. It monitors CIFS packets and forwards each
to its appropriate actual NAS share-folder. In some cases,
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