构建高效Hyper-V虚拟化数据中心实战指南

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Preface

Hyper-V, Microsoft's virtualization technology, has matured into an enterprise-ready

platform. Unfortunately, if you are new to virtualization or have an extensive

background in VMware, for example, often you nd yourself stranded in a pool of

unfamiliar terms and concepts or even get lost in the combination of Hyper-V with

System Center, without even talking about the questions that might arise around

adopting cloud technology. The good news is that these questions are common, both

in Server Message Blocks (SMBs) and in enterprise environments. By writing this book,

I hope you as a reader can gather together information on some of the most common

stumbling blocks to help you chart a clear path to a successful deployment, whether

you are using Hyper-V in a standalone or in a clustered setup, integrating with System

Center or not, or optimizing toward a private or a hybrid cloud architecture.

At the time of writing, Windows Server 2012 R2 has been released for about 6 months,

and the adoption in the market is huge. Besides all the other interesting features of this

latest version of Microsoft's server operating system, one of the key reasons to actually

migrate is the updated virtualization component, Hyper-V.

When I'm talking to customers myself about virtualization and more specically the

Microsoft solutions that enable virtualization, I always tell them to forget everything

they know and have heard about Hyper-V before. Not that the previous version was

bad, actually not at all, but its feature set is so much different than the initial version

in Windows Server 2008 close to 6 years ago. At that time, the market adoption of

Hyper-V was rather low. Other virtualization platforms owned the market.

But not anymore…

And this is exactly the key reason why we have worked out this book, to take you on

an interesting journey, where you will learn everything there is to know about Server

2012 R2 Hyper-V.

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Preface

[ 2 ]

The book starts from the planning phase, during which we highlight some

interesting tools that can help in assessing your current physical and/or virtual

environment, whether it is running Microsoft or Linux operating systems, regardless

of what hypervisor you are already using in your data center. This is followed by

explaining what the new Hyper-V features of Server 2012 R2 are. A very important

aspect of adopting Hyper-V is its management layer, made possible by System

Center Virtual Machine Manager 2012 R2, as well as by using other System Center

components such as Server App Controller to name just one.

The second part of this book will guide you in the realization of a "private cloud",

starting from describing what private cloud actually means, what tools you need for

running such a private cloud, how to perform full management of this on premises

with a mixed virtualized infrastructure, ending with a chapter dedicated to Microsoft

Azure, which allows you to not only run virtual machines "in-the-cloud", but also

actually provide migration mechanisms back and forth.

Okay, now you know what you will learn from reading this book. And we know

your expectations are high. You are a technical expert in operating and administering

your current environment, and you want to dive into the technology right away. But

before we do this, let's make sure everybody is on the right track here. That's why we

would like to start with explaining some of the basics around server virtualization

and what it takes to run a virtualized infrastructure. And if you are already familiar

with these terminologies, feel free to jump right away to Chapter 1, Introduction to

Microsoft Server 2012 R2 Hyper-V.

What is virtualization

When talking about virtualization in computing, it refers to the act of virtualizing

(instead of using the actual) computing resources such as memory, disk space,

and CPU power. The virtualization architecture is based on a physical resource,

for example, a server, known as the host, which shares its physical resources with

multiple virtual instances, known as guests. This is shown in the following diagram:

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Preface

[ 4 ]

Benets of using virtualization

As should be clear from the preceding description, the main benet of using

virtualization is sharing machine resources. Think of any application you are

running in our organization, where it is running on a dedicated physical machine.

In most cases, the physical resources of this machine will be under-utilized. But

that server hardware is consuming rack space, power/electricity, requires cooling,

maintenance, and so on.

So, consolidating multiple workloads from different physical servers into

virtual servers, running on less physical machines, is already a cost benet

for your organization.

Or, imagine you are running outdated physical machines, where the hardware

maintenance support cost is high. By the migration of this physical instance to a

virtual instance (known as P2V—physical-to-virtual), your organization can again

save money. Or maybe you are required to run legacy operating systems, which

don't always run anymore on the newest hardware. Maybe using virtualization is

another benet in this specic scenario.

To continue describing some of the benets, we can refer to our own examples being IT

consultants and trainers. How often do we need to "try out" new things, such as new

application versions, service pack upgrades, and just perform testing? How costly and

inefcient would it be to perform these on physical machines? Even on a recent laptop

having Windows 8 and enough resources available, it is possible to install the Hyper-V

client and run virtual machines. This is actually what I'm doing on a day-to-day basis.

Today, I will run a demo VM for a presentation on Exchange 2013; tomorrow, I will

show a System Center Virtual Machine Manager to another customer. Without using

virtualization, this would be a very hard nut to crack.

While we briey mentioned that the Windows 8/8.1 client operating

system also supports running a Hyper-V client, there are certain

differences in features between this version and the server version

of Hyper-V. For a good overview of what is supported in a Hyper-V

client, have a look at the Microsoft Knowledgebase article at http://

technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh857623.aspx.

While we could easily extend this list of benets with another ve pages of real-life

examples, we are pretty sure you understand what we are trying to say. Just keep in

mind not all workloads can be virtualized (think of specic interfaces being required

to operate certain machines, which are not available in a virtual infrastructure).

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