PMBOK第五版：项目管理知识体系指南

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"PMBOK第五版.pdf" 《项目管理知识体系指南》（PMBOK®Guide）第五版是项目经理和项目管理专业人士的重要参考资料，由项目管理协会（Project Management Institute, PMI）出版。该版本在2012年发布，是PMP（项目管理专业人员认证）考试的核心教材，适用于2013年9月之后的考试。相较于第四版，第五版进行了重大更新，主要体现在以下几个方面： 1. **知识领域的调整**：第五版将原有的九大知识领域重新整合为十大知识领域，增加了“商业环境”这一新领域。这十大知识领域分别是： - 项目整合管理 - 项目范围管理 - 项目时间管理 - 项目成本管理 - 项目质量管理 - 项目资源管理 - 项目沟通管理 - 项目风险管理 - 项目采购管理 - 项目相关方管理 - 商业环境 2. **项目管理过程的增加**：第五版将原本的42个管理过程扩展到了47个。这些过程被分为五个过程组（启动、规划、执行、监控和收尾）和十个知识领域，更加细致地涵盖了项目生命周期中的各种活动。 3. **强调敏捷方法**：尽管PMBOK®Guide一直以传统瀑布模型为基础，但第五版首次引入了对敏捷实践的承认，反映了现代项目管理中敏捷思维的普及和重要性。 4. **增强项目相关方的管理**：随着项目管理对人际关系和团队协作的重视，第五版在项目相关方管理上进行了深入探讨，强调了识别、分析、参与和管理相关方的需求和期望。 5. **更新术语和最佳实践**：第五版不仅更新了项目管理的术语，还引入了最新的项目管理最佳实践，反映了行业标准和趋势的变化。 6. **提高对软技能的关注**：第五版强调了领导力、沟通技巧和团队建设等软技能在项目成功中的关键作用，这些技能对于项目经理来说变得至关重要。 7. **强调道德与职业行为**：PMBOK®Guide第五版加强了对道德和职业行为的讨论，反映了项目管理领域对诚信和职业操守的重视。 PMBOK第五版是对项目管理实践的全面更新，它提供了更为详尽的指导，以适应不断变化的项目管理环境，并帮助专业人士提升项目成功率。作为PMP认证的学习资料，它为考生提供了全面了解和掌握项目管理知识体系的框架。

XII

Guide) – Fifth Edition

List of tABLEs And figurEs

Figure 4-2. Develop Project Charter: Inputs, Tools and Techniques, and Outputs .............................66

Figure 4-3. Develop Project Charter Data Flow Diagram ....................................................................67

Figure 4-3. Develop Project Charter Data Flow Diagram ....................................................................72

Figure 4-5. Develop Project Management Plan Data Flow Diagram ..................................................73

Figure 4-6. Direct and Manage Project Work: Inputs, Tools and Techniques, and Outputs ............... 79

Figure 4-7. Direct and Manage Project Work: Data Flow Diagram .....................................................80

Figure 4-8. Monitor and Control Project Work: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ................. 86

Figure 4-9. Monitor and Control Project Work Data Flow Diagram ....................................................87

Figure 4-10. Perform Integrated Change Control: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ..............94

Figure 4-11. Perform Integrated Change Control Data Flow Diagram..................................................95

Figure 4-12. Close Project or Phase: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ................................. 100

Figure 4-13. Close Project or Phase Data Flow Diagram ....................................................................101

Figure 5-1. Project Scope Management Overview ............................................................................106

Figure 5-2. Plan Scope Management: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs .............................107

Figure 5-3. Plan Scope Management Data Flow Diagram ................................................................107

Figure 5-4. Collect Requirements: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ..................................111

Figure 5-5. Collect Requirements Data Flow Diagram ......................................................................111

Figure 5-6. Example of a Requirements Traceability Matrix .............................................................119

Figure 5-7. Define Scope: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ................................................120

Figure 5-8. Define Scope Data Flow Diagram ...................................................................................120

Figure 5-9. Create WBS: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ..................................................125

Figure 5-10. Create WBS Data Flow Diagram ...................................................................................... 126

Licensed To: zhongyin tang PMI MemberID: 2359323

This copy is a PMI Member benefit, not for distribution, sale, or reproduction.

XIII

Guide) – Fifth Edition

List of tABLEs And figurEs

Figure 5-11. Sample WBS Decomposed Down Through Work Packages ........................................... 129

Figure 5-12. Sample WBS Organized by Phase ...................................................................................130

Figure 5-13. Sample WBS with Major Deliverables .............................................................................130

Figure 5-14. Validate Scope: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs .............................................133

Figure 5-15. Validate Scope Data Flow Diagram .................................................................................133

Figure 5-16. Control Scope: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ............................................... 136

Figure 5-17. Control Scope Data Flow Diagram ..................................................................................137

Figure 6-1. Project Time Management Overview ..............................................................................143

Figure 6-2. Scheduling Overview .......................................................................................................144

Figure 6-3. Plan Schedule Management: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ........................ 145

Figure 6-4. Plan Schedule Management Data Flow Diagram ...........................................................145

Figure 6-5. Define Activities: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ...........................................149

Figure 6-6. Define Activities Data Flow Diagram ..............................................................................150

Figure 6-7. Sequence Activities: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs .....................................153

Figure 6-8. Sequence Activities Data Flow Diagram ......................................................................... 154

Figure 6-9. Precedence Diagramming Method (PDM) Relationship Types ......................................157

Figure 6-10. Examples of Lead and Lag ..............................................................................................158

Figure 6-11. Project Schedule Network Diagram ................................................................................160

Figure 6-12. Estimate Activity Resources: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ........................ 161

Figure 6-13. Estimate Activity Resources Data Flow Diagram ...........................................................161

Figure 6-14. Estimate Activity Durations: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs .........................166

Figure 6-15. Estimate Activity Durations Data Flow Diagram ............................................................166

Licensed To: zhongyin tang PMI MemberID: 2359323

This copy is a PMI Member benefit, not for distribution, sale, or reproduction.

XIV

Guide) – Fifth Edition

List of tABLEs And figurEs

Figure 6-16 Develop Schedule: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ........................................173

Figure 6-17. Develop Schedule Data Flow Diagram ............................................................................ 173

Figure 6-18. Example of Critical Path Method ..................................................................................... 177

Figure 6-19. Example of Critical Chain Method ................................................................................... 178

Figure 6-20. Resource Leveling ...........................................................................................................179

Figure 6-21. Project Schedule Presentations —Examples .................................................................183

Figure 6-22. Control Schedule: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs .......................................... 185

Figure 6-23. Control Schedule Data Flow Diagram .............................................................................186

Figure 7-1. Project Cost Management Overview ............................................................................... 194

Figure 7-2. Plan Cost Management: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ................................ 195

Figure 7-3. Plan Cost Management: Data Flow Diagram ..................................................................196

Figure 7-4. Estimate Costs: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs .............................................200

Figure 7-5. Estimate Costs Data Flow Diagram.................................................................................201

Figure 7-6. Determine Budget: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ........................................208

Figure 7-7. Determine Budget Data Flow Diagram ...........................................................................209

Figure 7-8. Project Budget Components ............................................................................................ 213

Figure 7-9. Cost Baseline, Expenditures, and Funding Requirements .............................................214

Figure 7-10. Control Costs: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ................................................ 215

Figure 7-11. Control Costs Data Flow Diagram ...................................................................................215

Figure 7-12. Earned Value, Planned Value, and Actual Costs .............................................................219

Figure 7-13. To-Complete Performance Index (TCPI) ..........................................................................222

Licensed To: zhongyin tang PMI MemberID: 2359323

This copy is a PMI Member benefit, not for distribution, sale, or reproduction.

Guide) – Fifth Edition

List of tABLEs And figurEs

Figure 8-1. Project Quality Management Overview ...........................................................................230

Figure 8-2. Fundamental Relationships of Quality Assurance and Control Quality to the IPECC,

PDCA, Cost of Quality Models and Project Management Process Groups.....................231

Figure 8-3. Plan Quality Management Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ............................232

Figure 8-4. Plan Quality Management Data Flow Diagram ...............................................................232

Figure 8-5. Cost of Quality .................................................................................................................. 235

Figure 8-6. The SIPOC Model .............................................................................................................. 237

Figure 8-7. Storyboard Illustrating a Conceptual Example of Each of the Seven

Basic Quality Tools ..........................................................................................................239

Figure 8-8. Perform Quality Assurance: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs .......................... 243

Figure 8-9. Perform Quality Assurance Data Flow Diagram .............................................................243

Figure 8-10. Storyboard Illustrating the Seven Quality Management and Control Tools ..................246

Figure 8-11. Control Quality: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs .............................................249

Figure 8-12. Control Quality Data Flow Diagram ................................................................................. 249

Figure 9-1. Project Human Resource Management Overview ..........................................................257

Figure 9-2. Plan Human Resource Management: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ...........258

Figure 9-3. Plan Human Resource Management Data Flow Diagram ..............................................258

Figure 9-4. Roles and Responsibility Definition Formats ..................................................................261

Figure 9-5. RACI Matrix ......................................................................................................................262

Figure 9-6. Illustrative Resource Histogram......................................................................................266

Figure 9-7. Acquire Project Team: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ................................... 267

Figure 9-8. Acquire Project Team Data Flow Diagram ......................................................................268

Licensed To: zhongyin tang PMI MemberID: 2359323

This copy is a PMI Member benefit, not for distribution, sale, or reproduction.

XVI

Guide) – Fifth Edition

List of tABLEs And figurEs

Figure 9-9. Develop Project Team: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ..................................273

Figure 9-10. Develop Project Team Data Flow Diagram .....................................................................273

Figure 9-11. Manage Project Team: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ..................................279

Figure 9-12. Manage Project Team Data Flow Diagram .....................................................................280

Figure 10-1. Project Communications Management Overview ..........................................................288

Figure 10-2. Plan Communications Management: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ...........289

Figure 10-3. Plan Communications Management Data Flow Diagram ..............................................289

Figure 10-4. Basic Communication Model ..........................................................................................294

Figure 10-5. Manage Communications: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ............................ 297

Figure 10-6. Manage Communications Data Flow Diagram ...............................................................298

Figure 10-7. Control Communications: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs .............................303

Figure 10-8. Control Communications Data Flow Diagram ................................................................304

Figure 11-1. Project Risk Management Overview ...............................................................................312

Figure 11-2. Plan Risk Management: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ................................ 313

Figure 11-3. Plan Risk Management Data Flow Diagram ...................................................................313

Figure 11-4. Example of a Risk Breakdown Structure (RBS)..............................................................317

Figure 11-5. Identify Risks: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ...............................................319

Figure 11-6. Identify Risks Data Flow Diagram...................................................................................320

Figure 11-7. Influence Diagram ...........................................................................................................326

Figure 11-8. Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis: Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs ............... 328

Figure 11-9. Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis Data Flow Diagram ..................................................328

Figure 11-10. Probability and Impact Matrix.........................................................................................331

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This copy is a PMI Member benefit, not for distribution, sale, or reproduction.

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