精通C#的ASP.NET 4.5开发

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"Pro ASP.NET 4.5 in C#" 《Pro ASP.NET 4.5 in C#》是一本深入探讨ASP.NET 4.5框架的专著，适合那些希望提升C#编程技能并深入了解ASP.NET平台的专业开发人员。本书通过实例和详细解释，涵盖了从基础到高级的多个关键知识点，旨在帮助读者熟练掌握ASP.NET 4.5的开发实践。书中的内容分为两大部分。第一部分是"Getting Started"（入门），主要引导读者快速上手ASP.NET开发。第一章“Your First ASP.NET Application”介绍了创建第一个ASP.NET应用程序的基本步骤，包括环境配置、页面生命周期以及基本的HTML和服务器控件的使用。第二章“Putting ASP.NET in Context”讨论了ASP.NET在Web开发中的位置，对比了其他Web技术，并解释了为什么选择ASP.NET。第三章“Essential C# Language Features”深入讲解了C#语言的关键特性，包括面向对象编程、LINQ和异步编程。第四章至第六章则分别关注jQuery的使用、开发工具的介绍，以及通过SportsStore应用展示的实际开发流程。第二部分“The Core ASP.NET Platform”深入探讨了ASP.NET的核心组件和技术。第七至第十章继续以SportsStore应用为例，讲解了导航、购物车实现、后台管理和部署等实际应用场景。第十一章“Testable Web Apps”专注于编写可测试的代码，强调单元测试和持续集成的重要性。从第十二章开始，作者详细阐述了Web Forms的工作原理，探讨了页面生命周期和上下文管理。接下来的章节介绍了ASP.NET的模块和处理器机制，为读者提供了更深入的服务器端处理理解。全书通过实例和实战演练，不仅涵盖了ASP.NET 4.5的基础知识，还涉及了高级特性和最佳实践，为开发者提供了一条从初学者到高级专业人士的成长路径。无论你是刚开始接触ASP.NET，还是已经有一定经验的开发者，都能从这本书中获益匪浅。

CHAPTER 1 ■ YOUR FIRST ASP.NET APPLICATION

We have changed the id attribute value of the form element and added some standard HTML elements to display

information about the party and gather the RSVP details from the users. You can see how changes appear by starting

the application (either select Start Debugging from the Debug menu or click the Internet Explorer button on the

toolbar). As you can see in Figure 1-7, we have a form but it doesn’t look very nice.

Figure 1-7. The effect of adding to the form element in the Default.aspx file

We style elements in a Web Form in the same way we would a regular HTML page—by using Cascading Style

Sheets (CSS). To add some basic styles to the application, right-click on the PartyInvites item in the Solution Explorer

and select Add ➤ Style Sheet from the pop-up menu. Set the name to be PartyStyles and click the OK button. Visual

Studio will add a new PartyStyles.css file to the project. Set the contents of this new file to match the CSS shown

in Listing 1-7. Although these are very basic CSS styles, they will improve the appearance of our form fields.

Listing 1-7. The CSS styles defined in the PartyStyles.css file

#rsvpform label { width: 120px; display: inline-block;}

#rsvpform input { margin: 2px; margin-left: 4px; width: 150px;}

#rsvpform select { margin: 2px 0; width: 154px;}

button[type=submit] { margin-top: 5px;}

We associate a CSS style sheet with a Web Form using a link element. You can see how we have added such

an element to the head section of the Default.aspx file in Listing 1-8.

Tip ■ If you are unfamiliar with the standards and technologies that underpin web content, such as HTML, CSS, and

basic JavaScript, we suggest that you consult Adam’s book The Definitive Guide to HTML5, which is also published by

Apress and which is a comprehensive reference.

CHAPTER 1 ■ YOUR FIRST ASP.NET APPLICATION

For our example, the Page_Load method will be called once when the page is first loaded and once again when

the user submits the form. (We will explain why this happens in Part 2.) In Listing 1-10, you can see the code we have

added to the Page_Load method to respond to requests.

Listing 1-10. Adding code to the Page_Load method

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.UI;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

using System.Web.ModelBinding;

namespace PartyInvites {

public partial class Default : System.Web.UI.Page {

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) {

if (IsPostBack) {

GuestResponse rsvp = new GuestResponse();

if (TryUpdateModel(rsvp,

new FormValueProvider(ModelBindingExecutionContext))) {

ResponseRepository.GetRepository().AddResponse(rsvp);

if (rsvp.WillAttend.HasValue && rsvp.WillAttend.Value) {

Response.Redirect("seeyouthere.html");

} else {

Response.Redirect("sorryyoucantcome.html");

}

We determine if the request we are responding to is the form being posted back to the server by checking the

IsPostBack property. If it is, we create a new instance of the GuestResponse data model object and pass it to the

TryUpdateModel method, which is inherited from the base Page class.

The TryUpdateModel method performs a process called model binding where data values are used

from the browser request to populate the properties of our data model object. The other argument to the

TryUpdateModel method is the object that ASP.NET should use to obtain the values it needs—we have used the

System.Web.ModelBinding.FormValueProvider class, which provides values from form data. We describe model

binding in more depth in Part 3, but the result of calling the TryUpdateModel method is that the properties of our

GuestResponse object are updated to reflect the data values that the user submitted in the form. We then store the

GuestResponse object in our repository.

We want to give the user some kind of feedback when this user submits the form and we do this by using the

Response.Redirect method, which redirects the user’s browser. If the WillAttend property is true, then the user is

coming to the party and we redirect him or her to the seeyouthere.html file. Otherwise, we redirect the user to the

sorryyoucantcome.html file.

CHAPTER 1 ■ YOUR FIRST ASP.NET APPLICATION

Creating the HTML Response Files

Not all of the pages in an ASP.NET application have to be generated from Web Form files. We can also include regular,

static HTML files. To create the first response file, right-click the PartyInvites item in the Solution Explorer and

select Add ➤ New Item from the pop-up menu. Select the HTML Page template from the Add New Item dialog and set

the name to seeyouthere.html. Finally, click the Add button to create the HTML file. Ensure that the contents of the

file match the contents in Listing 1-11.

Listing 1-11. The contents of the seeyouthere.html file

<!DOCTYPE html>

<head>

<title>See you there!</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>See you there!</h1>

<p>Come around 9pm. Fancy dress is optional</p>

</body>

</html>

Repeat the process to create the sorryyoucantcome.html file and set the contents to match the contents

in Listing 1-12.

Listing 1-12. The contents of the sorryyoucantcome.html file

<!DOCTYPE html>

<head>

</head>

<body>

<h1>Sorry you can't come!</h1>

<p>It won't be the same without you. Maybe next year.</p>

</body>

</html>

Bringing the HTML Elements into Scope

We almost have the basic structure of our application in place, but things are not quite working. We need to tell Visual

Studio which file should be loaded when we start the application. It didn’t matter earlier because there was only the

Default.aspx file and Visual Studio is smart enough to figure out that this is the file that we want. But now we have a

couple of HTML files as well and we need to give Visual Studio a helping hand. Right-click on the Default.aspx entry

in the Solution Explorer and select Set as Start Page from the pop-up menu.

Now you can start the application, either by selecting Start Debugging from the Debug menu or by clicking

the Internet Explorer toolbar button. Fill out the form and ensure that you select the Yes option from the select

element. When you submit the form, you will see the response that should only be shown when you select the No

option, as illustrated in Figure 1-10. Clearly, something is amiss.

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