基于mbed的ARM微控制器项目实战指南

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"《基于ARM的微控制器项目使用mbed》是一本由Dogani Brahim编著的新书，由Elsevier出版。该书专注于介绍如何利用mbed平台进行ARM架构的微控制器项目开发，为读者提供了一个丰富的实践指南。mbed是一个开源的微控制器开发框架，特别适合初学者和专业人士，它支持多种接口技术，如I2C、SPI、实时操作系统（RTOS）、Wi-Fi、蓝牙和以太网，这使得项目设计涵盖了广泛的应用领域。本书深入探讨了如何在实际项目中应用ARM微控制器，从硬件配置到软件编程，包括但不限于嵌入式系统设计原则，硬件抽象层（HAL）的使用，以及如何利用mbed的API进行通信和网络连接。此外，书中还强调了随着科技发展，知识和最佳实践的不断演变，因此读者可以了解到最新的研究进展和实践经验，以便在快速变化的行业中保持竞争力。每一章可能都会包含具体的项目实例，指导读者逐步实现一个功能完备的微控制器系统，比如智能家居控制单元、物联网设备或工业自动化设备。通过阅读这本书，开发者不仅可以掌握基础的微控制器开发技能，还能提升在ARM架构下的系统集成和调试能力。版权方面，读者需遵守Elsevier的许可政策，未经授权不得复制或传播内容。获取详细授权信息和与版权机构的合作安排，可访问出版社网站www.elsevier.com/permissions。《基于ARM的微控制器项目使用mbed》是一本实用且具有前瞻性的重要参考资料，对于希望在ARM微控制器领域深入探索的人来说，是一本不可或缺的工具书。"

a different assembly language every time a new processor is to be used. Thirdly, in general, it

is difficult to maintain a program written using the assembly language.

Although the assembly language is still in use in some real-time applications, nowadays

most applications are developed using a high-level language, such as BASIC, C, C++, C#, Vi-

sual BASIC, PASCAL, JAVA, and so on. Perhaps the greatest advantage of the high- level lan-

guages is the ease of learning and fast program development. Large and complex programs

can be developed in much shorter times compared to the assembly language. For example, to

write a piece of assembly language program code to multiply two floating point numbers can

take several hours or even more time and mistakes can easily be made. On the other han d,

using a high-level language we just multiply the two numbers. Additionally, it is much easier

to maintain a program written using a high-level language. High-level languages also have

the benefit that in general the same user program can easily be transported to work on a dif-

ferent processor with little or no modifications. High-level languages are supported by large

number of built-in libraries that make it easy to develop very complex program s in relatively

short times. Finally, another advantage of using the high-level languages is that the devel-

oped program can easily be tested and this feature shortens the development time

considerably.

In this book we shall be using the C language which is perhaps currently the most popular

language used in microcontroller-based applications. As we shal l see in the later chapters, the

Mbed integrated development environment will be used to develop our projects. Mbed is an

online integ rated development environment that is used to develop ARM (Advanced RISC

Machines) processor-based applications. Using Mbed we can write a program in C, then com-

pile the program, and upload the executable code to the target ARM processor. The advantage

of using Mbed is that it is easy to learn and use and is supported by very large number of

library functions. The projects in this book are all based on the ARM processor. There are

many ARM development boards available in the market. In this book we shall be using a

model of the STM32-Nucleo development boards manufactured by STMicroelectronics. As

will be discussed in detail in the later chapters, STM32-Nucleo boards are complete microcon-

troller development boards incorporating fast 32-bit ARM processors together with all the

support circuitry to help develop complex projects. The STM32-Nucleo development boards

are Mbed compatible which makes them ideal boards for developing complex applications in

relatively short times.

1.2 EXAMPLE MICROCONTROLLER-BASED CONTROL SYSTEM

In this section we shall see how a microcontroller can be used in a simple control system

application. Fig. 1.1 shows a liquid control system where the aim is to control the level of

the liquid in the reservoir at a specified point. Water is pumped from the reservoir t o

the tank using a pump and pipes. In Fig. 1.1 the level of the liquid is controlled manually

without using a microcontroller. Here, the person in charge observes the liquid level

inside the tank and turns the pump off when the liquid level reaches the required

prespecified level.

The system shown in Fig. 1.1 is manual and requires constant attention of a person. A sim-

ple microcontroller version of this system is shown in Fig. 1.2. Here, the liquid level is read by

2 1. INTRODUCTION

justified in many small applications. Examples of 32-bit microcontrollers are PIC32, ARM

family, and so on. The STM32-Nucleo development boards used in this book incorporate

32-bit processors.

Memory is an important part of any microcon troller system. Currently the memory tech-

nology is very advanced and as a result the cost of memory chips have come down.

Depending on the technology used we can have several differen t types of memories. The

RAM (random access memory) is volatile where the data are retained as long as the power

is applied to the device. These types of memories are used to store temporary data in our pro-

grams. RAM memories are used as data memories in microcontroller applications. The

EPROM (erasable programmable read-only memory) keeps its data even after the removal

of the power. These memory chips have small windows so that their contents can be erased

with exposure to the ultraviolet light. The ROM (read only memory) also retains its conten ts

after the removal of the power. These memory chips are normally programmed during the

manufacturing process and once programmed their contents canno t be changed. The pro-

grammable read-only memories (PROMs) are similar to ROMs but they can be programmed

once by using suitable programming devices. Flash memories are currently used in almost all

microcontrollers. The se memories are not volatile, that is, they keep their data even after the

removal of the power. The main advantage of the flash memories is that they can be

programmed many time s. These types of memories are used as program memories in micro-

controller systems. The USB memory sticks that we use to store data also use flash memories.

1.3 SUMMARY

In this chapter we have lear ned about the following:

• What is a microprocessor?

• What is a microcontroller?

• The differences bet ween a microprocessor and a microcontroller.

• The assembly language.

• High-level languages.

• The differences bet ween the assembly language and high-level languages.

• The block diagram of a microcon troller-based liquid level control system.

• Different types of memories used in microcontroller systems.

1.4 EXERCISES

1. Explain the main differences between a microprocessor and a microcontroller.

2. Draw the block diagram of a heating control system used to control the heating in a room.

3. Draw the block diagram of a DC motor speed control system used to control the speed of

the motor.

4. Explain the differences bet ween RAM and EPROM memories.

5. It is required to control and monitor the temperature of an oven remotely using a mobile

phone with Bluetooth capability. Assume that we have available a temperature sensor

6 1. INTRODUCTION

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