精通iOS 6编程

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"Programming iOS 6 是一本由 Matt Neuburg 编著的书籍，主要针对 iOS 开发进行深入讲解。本书覆盖了编程语言、集成开发环境（IDE）、Cocoa 框架、视图（Views）、用户界面（Interface）以及一些特定的框架，并在最后探讨了一些专题话题。此版本为第三版，适用于 iOS 的开发学习，尤其适合已有一定编程基础的开发者。" 在《Programming iOS 6》这本书中，作者 Matt Neuburg 详尽地阐述了开发 iOS 应用所需的关键技术。首先，书中可能涵盖了Objective-C或Swift语言的基础知识，这两种语言是iOS应用开发的主要语言。Objective-C是苹果早期推崇的语言，而Swift则是在2014年发布，更为现代且易读，现在已被广泛采用。理解这些语言的基本语法、面向对象编程概念和内存管理是开发iOS应用的基石。接着，书中详细介绍了Xcode IDE，这是苹果官方提供的开发工具，包含代码编辑器、调试器、模拟器等功能，是iOS开发者不可或缺的利器。Cocoa Touch是iOS开发中的核心框架，它包含了实现用户界面所需的各种组件和控件，如按钮、文本字段、标签等。学习如何利用Cocoa Touch创建响应式和动态的界面是iOS开发的重要部分。在视图和界面设计方面，书本会涵盖Auto Layout和Size Classes，它们用于在不同尺寸的设备上创建适应性布局。此外，可能还会讨论故事板（Storyboard）和程序化界面构建，这两种方法各有优缺点，开发者需要根据项目需求选择合适的构建方式。书中还涉及了一些特定的iOS框架，如Core Data用于持久化数据管理，UIKit提供基础的系统服务，如通知、定位等。Foundation框架是iOS开发中的基础库，包含了大量常用的类和方法。网络编程可能也会被提及，包括URLSession和第三方库如AFNetworking的使用，以实现网络请求和数据交换。最后，"Final Topics"可能涵盖了一些高级主题，如多线程编程（GCD和Operation Queues）、动画效果（Core Animation）、推送通知、游戏开发（可能涉及SpriteKit或SceneKit）、以及Apple Watch和tvOS的扩展开发。此外，性能优化、测试策略（单元测试和UI测试）以及App Store的提交流程也是iOS开发者需要了解的重要内容。《Programming iOS 6》是一本全面的教程，旨在帮助读者掌握从基础到进阶的iOS开发技能，通过学习这本书，开发者可以构建出功能丰富、用户体验优秀的iOS应用程序。

Interruptions 913

Routing Changes 915

Audio Player 916

Remote Control of Your Sound 918

Playing Sound in the Background 921

Further Topics in Sound 923

28.

Video. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 925

MPMoviePlayerController 926

MPMoviePlayerViewController 932

UIVideoEditorController 934

Introduction to AV Foundation Video 936

29.

Music Library. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 943

Exploring the Music Library 943

The Music Player 948

The Music Picker 954

30.

Photo Library and Image Capture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 957

UIImagePickerController 957

Choosing from the Photo Library 958

Using the Camera 962

Image Capture With AV Foundation 966

The Assets Library Framework 969

31.

Address Book. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 973

Address Book Database 973

Address Book Interface 977

ABPeoplePickerNavigationController 978

ABPersonViewController 980

ABNewPersonViewController 981

ABUnknownPersonViewController 982

32.

Calendar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 985

Calendar Database 985

Calendar Interface 995

33.

Mail and Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1003

Mail Message 1003

Text Message 1005

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Twitter Post 1006

34. Maps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1007

Displaying a Map 1007

Annotations 1010

Overlays 1017

Map Kit and Current Location 1024

Geocoding 1025

Communicating With the Maps App 1027

35. Sensors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1029

Location 1030

Heading 1035

Acceleration and Attitude 1036

Shake Events 1037

Raw Acceleration 1038

Gyroscope 1042

Part VII. Final Topics

36.

Persistent Storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1051

The Sandbox 1052

Basic File Operations 1053

Saving and Reading Files 1054

User Defaults 1056

File Sharing 1058

Document Types 1059

Handing Off a Document 1060

The Document Architecture 1064

iCloud 1068

XML 1070

SQLite 1077

Core Data 1078

Image File Formats 1084

37.

Basic Networking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1087

HTTP Requests 1087

Bonjour 1096

Push Notifications 1098

Table of Contents | xv

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Aut lego vel scribo; doceo scrutorve sophian.

—Sedulius Scottus

Preface

With the advent of version 2 of the iPhone system, Apple proved they could do a re‐

markable thing — adapt their existing Cocoa computer application programming

framework to make applications for a touch-based device with limited memory and

speed and a dauntingly tiny display. The resulting Cocoa Touch framework, in fact,

turned out to be in many ways better than the original Cocoa.

A programming framework has a kind of personality, an overall flavor that provides an

insight into the goals and mindset of those who created it. When I first encountered

Cocoa Touch, my assessment of its personality was: “Wow, the people who wrote this

are really clever!” On the one hand, the number of built-in interface widgets was severely

and deliberately limited; on the other hand, the power and flexibility of some of those

widgets, especially such things as UITableView, was greatly enhanced over their Mac

OS X counterparts. Even more important, Apple created a particularly brilliant way

(UIViewController) to help the programmer make entire blocks of interface come and

go and supplant one another in a controlled, hierarchical manner, thus allowing that

tiny iPhone display to unfold virtually into multiple interface worlds within a single app

without the user becoming lost or confused.

Even more impressive, Apple took the opportunity to recreate and rationalize Cocoa

from the ground up as Cocoa Touch. Cocoa itself is very old, having begun life as

NeXTStep before Mac OS X even existed. It has grown by accretion and with a certain

conservatism in order to maintain something like backward compatibility. With Cocoa

Touch, on the other hand, Apple had the opportunity to throw out the baby with the

bath water, and they seized this opportunity with both hands.

So, although Cocoa Touch is conceptually based on Mac OS X Cocoa, it is very clearly

not Mac OS X Cocoa, nor is it limited or defined by Mac OS X Cocoa. It’s an independent

creature, a leaner, meaner, smarter Cocoa. I could praise Cocoa Touch’s deliberate use

of systematization (and its healthy respect for Occam’s Razor) through numerous ex‐

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amples. Where Mac OS X’s animation layers are glommed onto views as a kind of af‐

terthought, a Cocoa Touch view always has an animation layer counterpart. Memory

management policies, such as how top-level objects are managed when a nib loads, are

simplified and clarified. And so on.

At the same time, Cocoa Touch is still a form of Cocoa. It still requires a knowledge of

Objective-C. It is not a scripting language; it is certainly not aimed at nonprogrammers,

like HyperCard’s HyperTalk or Apple’s AppleScript. It is still huge and complicated. In

fact, it’s rather difficult.

The popularity of the iPhone, with its largely free or very inexpensive apps, and the

subsequent popularity of the iPad, have brought and will continue to bring into the fold

many new programmers who see programming for these devices as worthwhile and

doable, even though they may not have felt the same way about Mac OS X. Apple’s own

annual WWDC developer conventions have reflected this trend, with their emphasis

shifted from Mac OS X to iOS instruction.

The widespread eagerness to program iOS, however, though delightful on the one hand,

has also fostered a certain tendency to try to run without first learning to walk. iOS gives

the programmer mighty powers that can seem as limitless as imagination itself, but it

also has fundamentals. I often see questions online from programmers who are evidently

deep into the creation of some interesting app, but who are stymied in a way that reveals

quite clearly that they are unfamiliar with the basics of the very world in which they are

so happily cavorting.

It is this state of affairs that has motivated me to write this book, which is intended to

ground the reader in the fundamentals of iOS. I love Cocoa and have long wished to

write about it, but it is iOS and its popularity that has given me a proximate excuse to

do so. Indeed, my working title was “Fundamentals of Cocoa Touch Programming.”

Here I have attempted to marshal and expound, in what I hope is a pedagogically helpful

and instructive yet ruthlessly Euclidean and logical order, the principles on which sound

iOS programming rests, including a good basic knowledge of Objective-C (starting with

C itself) and the nature of object-oriented programming, advice on the use of the tools,

the full story on how Cocoa objects are instantiated, referred to, put in communication

with one another, and managed over their lifetimes, and a survey of the primary interface

widgets and other common tasks. My hope, as with my previous books, is that you will

both read this book cover to cover (learning something new often enough to keep you

turning the pages) and keep it by you as a handy reference.

This book is not intended to disparage Apple’s own documentation and example

projects. They are wonderful resources and have become more wonderful as time goes

on. I have depended heavily on them in the preparation of this book. But I also find that

they don’t fulfill the same function as a reasoned, ordered presentation of the facts. The

online documentation must make assumptions as to how much you already know; it

can’t guarantee that you’ll approach it in a given order. And online documentation is

xviii | Preface

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