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首页SINUMERIK 840DSL扩展功能手册:数控系统与安全操作
"840DSL扩展功能涵盖了SINUMERIK 840Dsl/828D数控软件的多种高级特性,包括NC数字量和模拟量输入/输出、分布式系统、手动运行和手轮运行、补偿、通道同步、坐标转换、测量、软件挡块、冲裁和步冲、定位轴、往复、回转轴、主轴同步、存储器配置、分度轴、换刀、磨削专用的刀具补偿和监控、NC/PLC接口信号等内容。手册中还强调了基本安全说明和警告提示系统,以确保操作人员的安全和设备的正常运行。"
SINUMERIK 840DSL是一款先进的数控系统,提供了丰富的扩展功能以满足复杂制造需求。以下是其中一些关键功能的详细说明:
1. NC数字量和模拟量输入/输出:系统支持数字信号和模拟信号的输入与输出,以实现与各种设备的通信和控制,如传感器、执行器等。
2. 分布式系统:840DSL支持分布式架构,允许控制器和I/O模块分布在整个生产线上,提高系统的灵活性和效率。
3. 手动运行和手轮运行:用户可以通过手动模式或手轮进行精确的机床操作,便于调试和维修。
4. 补偿:系统支持各种补偿功能,如几何误差补偿、热变形补偿,确保加工精度。
5. 通道同步和跨通道取轴:多通道同步可以实现复杂的同步运动,跨通道取轴则允许不同通道之间的轴协同工作。
6. 坐标转换:允许在不同坐标系间转换,适应不同的工件和工装设置。
7. 测量:内置测量系统可实时监测加工过程,提高加工质量。
8. 软件挡块和行程开关信号:通过软件设定的限制点,可以保护机床和工件,防止超出预设范围。
9. 冲裁和步冲:专为金属板材加工设计,支持精确的冲压和步进动作。
10. 定位轴:用于精确的定位和停止,常见于自动化生产线。
11. 往复:实现轴的往复运动,常用于磨削或抛光等工艺。
12. 回转轴:支持旋转轴的控制,用于实现五轴联动加工。
13. 主轴同步:确保在多主轴设备上的同步加工。
14. 存储器配置:允许用户自定义和优化内存分配,满足不同应用需求。
15. 分度轴:用于分度和定位,如在分度台或转塔的应用。
16. 换刀:自动换刀系统确保快速、准确地更换刀具,提高生产效率。
17. 磨削专用的刀具补偿和监控:针对磨削工艺,提供特殊的刀具补偿算法和监控功能。
18. NC/PLC接口信号:NC(数字控制)与PLC(可编程逻辑控制器)之间的通信,协调整个系统的操作。
安全方面,手册强调了对合格专业人员的要求,他们应遵循所有安全指导和警告提示,以避免潜在的危险。此外,西门子产品应按照指定的使用条件和兼容性要求操作,以保证安全和正常运行。
6 K5:通道同步、跨通道取轴.............................................................................................................373
6.1
通道同步....................................................................................................................
...373
6.1.1
通道同步(程序协调)...............................................................................................
...373
6.1.2
通道同步:连续路径运行中的有条件停止..................................................................
...376
6.1.3
单通道式试车.............................................................................................................
...380
6.1.4
边界条件....................................................................................................................
...385
6.2
跨通道取轴.................................................................................................................
...385
6.2.1
概述...........................................................................................................................
...385
6.2.2
调试...........................................................................................................................
...386
6.2.3
编程:使能轴(RELEASE).....................................................................................
...387
6.2.4
编程:取轴(GET、GETD)....................................................................................
...388
6.2.5
自动取轴....................................................................................................................
...390
6.2.6
通过 PLC 取轴...........................................................................................................
...391
6.2.7
通过轴容器旋转取轴..................................................................................................
...393
6.2.8
触发/不触发预处理停止的取轴...................................................................................
...394
6.2.9
仅由 PLC 控制的轴....................................................................................................
...396
6.2.10
固定指定给 PLC 的轴................................................................................................
...397
6.2.11
跨通道取轴和经过旋转的 WCS 中的几何轴的综合应用.............................................
...398
6.2.12
通过同步动作取轴......................................................................................................
...399
6.2.13
跨通道取轴和龙门轴的综合应用................................................................................
...402
6.2.14
状态图........................................................................................................................
...402
6.2.15
示例...........................................................................................................................
...404
6.3
数据表........................................................................................................................
...406
6.3.1
机床数据....................................................................................................................
...406
6.3.1.1
通用机床数据.............................................................................................................
...406
6.3.1.2
通道专用机床数据......................................................................................................
...406
6.3.1.3
进给轴/主轴专用机床数据..........................................................................................
...409
6.3.2
设定数据....................................................................................................................
...410
6.3.2.1
通道专用设定数据......................................................................................................
...410
6.3.3
信号...........................................................................................................................
...410
6.3.3.1
发送至/来自 BAG 的信号...........................................................................................
...410
6.3.3.2
发送至/来自通道的信号..............................................................................................
...410
7 M1:坐标转换..................................................................................................................................411
7.1
端面转换 TRANSMIT(选件)..................................................................................
...411
7.1.1
功能...........................................................................................................................
...411
7.1.1.1
引言...........................................................................................................................
...411
7.1.1.2
加工方式....................................................................................................................
...412
7.1.1.3
工作区域限制.............................................................................................................
...418
7.1.1.4 TRANSMIT 下的叠加运动.............................................................................................419
7.1.1.5
回转轴旋转超 360 度时的检查...................................................................................
...420
7.1.2
参数设置....................................................................................................................
...420
7.1.2.1
概述...........................................................................................................................
...420
目录
扩展功能
16
功能手册, 10/2015, 6FC5397-1BP40-5RA3
7.1.2.2
轴配置........................................................................................................................
...422
7.1.2.3
专用设置....................................................................................................................
...424
7.1.3
编程...........................................................................................................................
...426
7.1.4
边界条件....................................................................................................................
...427
7.1.5
示例...........................................................................................................................
...428
7.2
柱面转换 TRACYL(选件).......................................................................................
...432
7.2.1
功能...........................................................................................................................
...432
7.2.2
参数设置....................................................................................................................
...436
7.2.2.1
概述...........................................................................................................................
...436
7.2.2.2
轴配置........................................................................................................................
...437
7.2.2.3
专用设置....................................................................................................................
...439
7.2.3
编程...........................................................................................................................
...443
7.2.4
边界条件....................................................................................................................
...446
7.2.5
示例...........................................................................................................................
...449
7.2.5.1
柱面槽加工,“X+Y+C+Z”轴配置..............................................................................
...449
7.2.5.2
柱面槽加工,“X-Y-Z-A-C”轴配置.............................................................................
...454
7.3
斜角转换 TRAANG(选件)......................................................................................
...457
7.3.1
功能...........................................................................................................................
...457
7.3.2
参数设置....................................................................................................................
...458
7.3.2.1
概述...........................................................................................................................
...458
7.3.2.2
轴配置........................................................................................................................
...460
7.3.2.3
专用设置....................................................................................................................
...462
7.3.3
编程...........................................................................................................................
...463
7.3.3.1
激活斜角转换 (TRAANG)...........................................................................................
...463
7.3.3.2
在磨床上斜向切入 (G5, G7).......................................................................................
...464
7.3.4
边界条件....................................................................................................................
...466
7.3.5
示例...........................................................................................................................
...468
7.4
坐标转换级联.............................................................................................................
...470
7.4.1
功能...........................................................................................................................
...470
7.4.1.1
引言...........................................................................................................................
...470
7.4.1.2
系统变量....................................................................................................................
...473
7.4.2
编程...........................................................................................................................
...476
7.4.3
示例...........................................................................................................................
...477
7.4.3.1
坐标转换级联的应用示例...........................................................................................
...477
7.4.3.2
在坐标转换级联中确定轴位置....................................................................................
...482
7.5
固定生效的坐标转换..................................................................................................
...485
7.6
坐标 PTP 运动...........................................................................................................
...491
7.6.1
功能...........................................................................................................................
...491
7.6.2
调试...........................................................................................................................
...493
7.6.2.1
上电后的特性.............................................................................................................
...493
7.6.2.2
复位/零件程序结束后的特性......................................................................................
...493
7.6.2.3
考虑 PTP 运动中的软件限制......................................................................................
...494
7.6.3
编程...........................................................................................................................
...495
目录
扩展功能
功能手册, 10/2015, 6FC5397-1BP40-5RA3
17
7.6.3.1
激活/取消坐标 PTP 运动 (PTP、PTPG0、PTPWOC、CP)......................................
...495
7.6.3.2
给定铰接位置 (STAT)................................................................................................
...496
7.6.3.3
给定轴交角符号 (TU).................................................................................................
...499
7.6.3.4
示例 1:PTP 和 TRAORI...........................................................................................
...502
7.6.3.5
示例 2:PTPG0 和 TRANSMIT.................................................................................
...503
7.6.4
边界条件....................................................................................................................
...504
7.7
坐标手动运动(选件)...............................................................................................
...506
7.8
通过零件程序/软键激活坐标转换机床数据.................................................................
...515
7.8.1
功能...........................................................................................................................
...515
7.8.2
边界条件....................................................................................................................
...516
7.8.3
上电、运行方式切换、复位、程序段搜索、REPOS 时的控制系统特性....................
...518
7.8.4
相关机床数据列表......................................................................................................
...518
7.8.5
示例...........................................................................................................................
...521
7.9
数据表........................................................................................................................
...522
7.9.1
机床数据....................................................................................................................
...522
7.9.1.1 TRANSMIT...................................................................................................................522
7.9.1.2 TRACYL.......................................................................................................................524
7.9.1.3 TRAANG.......................................................................................................................526
7.9.1.4
坐标转换级联.............................................................................................................
...527
7.9.1.5
非坐标转换专用机床数据...........................................................................................
...527
7.9.2
信号...........................................................................................................................
...528
7.9.2.1
来自通道的信号.........................................................................................................
...528
8 M5:测量.........................................................................................................................................529
8.1
简要说明....................................................................................................................
...529
8.2
硬件条件....................................................................................................................
...530
8.2.1
可使用的测头.............................................................................................................
...530
8.3
单通道测量.................................................................................................................
...531
8.3.1
测量...........................................................................................................................
...531
8.3.2
测量结果....................................................................................................................
...532
8.4
单轴测量....................................................................................................................
...533
8.4.1
测量...........................................................................................................................
...533
8.4.2
报文选择....................................................................................................................
...537
8.4.3
测量结果....................................................................................................................
...537
8.5
设置零点、工件测量和刀具测量................................................................................
...539
8.5.1
实际值设定和对刀......................................................................................................
...539
8.5.2
工件测量....................................................................................................................
...540
8.5.2.1
输入值........................................................................................................................
...540
8.5.2.2
选择测量....................................................................................................................
...548
8.5.2.3
输出值........................................................................................................................
...550
8.5.2.4
计算方法....................................................................................................................
...550
8.5.2.5
计算时采用的单位和测量变量....................................................................................
...554
目录
扩展功能
18
功能手册, 10/2015, 6FC5397-1BP40-5RA3
8.5.2.6
诊断...........................................................................................................................
...556
8.5.3
工件测量类型.............................................................................................................
...556
8.5.3.1
测量棱边(测量类型 1、2、3)................................................................................
...556
8.5.3.2
测量角(测量类型 4、5、6、7)..............................................................................
...561
8.5.3.3
测量钻孔(测量类型 8)............................................................................................
...565
8.5.3.4
测量轴(测量类型 9)...............................................................................................
...568
8.5.3.5
测量槽(测量类型 12).............................................................................................
...569
8.5.3.6
测量隔断(测量类型 13)..........................................................................................
...572
8.5.3.7
测量几何轴和辅助轴(测量类型 14、15)................................................................
...573
8.5.3.8
测量斜边(测量类型 16)..........................................................................................
...576
8.5.3.9
测量倾斜平面中的角度(测量类型 17)....................................................................
...577
8.5.3.10
通过测量重新定义 WCS 参考系统(测量类型 18)..................................................
...581
8.5.3.11
1 维、2 维、3 维设定值给定测量(测量类型 19、20、21).....................................
...584
8.5.3.12
任意坐标系中的测量点测量(测量类型 24).............................................................
...589
8.5.3.13
测量矩形(测量类型 25)..........................................................................................
...593
8.5.3.14
用于备份数据管理框架的测量(测量类型 26).........................................................
...594
8.5.3.15
用于恢复备份的数据管理框架的测量(测量类型 27)..............................................
...595
8.5.3.16
用于为锥面车削设定叠加旋转的测量(测量类型 28)..............................................
...596
8.5.4
刀具测量....................................................................................................................
...597
8.5.5
刀具测量的测量类型..................................................................................................
...598
8.5.5.1
测量刀具长度(测量类型 10)..................................................................................
...598
8.5.5.2
测量刀具直径(测量类型 11)..................................................................................
...601
8.5.5.3
通过放大镜功能测量刀具长度(测量类型 22).........................................................
...602
8.5.5.4
通过标记位置或当前位置测量刀具长度(测量类型 23)...........................................
...603
8.5.5.5
通过定向测量两把刀具的长度....................................................................................
...605
8.6
测量精度和测试.........................................................................................................
...617
8.6.1
测量精度....................................................................................................................
...617
8.6.2
测头功能测试.............................................................................................................
...618
8.7
仿真测量....................................................................................................................
...619
8.7.1
一般功能....................................................................................................................
...619
8.7.2
位置相关切换请求......................................................................................................
...619
8.7.3
外部切换请求.............................................................................................................
...621
8.7.4
系统变量....................................................................................................................
...622
8.8
示例 - 仅用于 840D sl................................................................................................
...623
8.8.1
测量模式 1.................................................................................................................
...623
8.8.2
测量模式 2.................................................................................................................
...623
8.8.3
连续测量....................................................................................................................
...624
8.8.4
功能测试和重复精度..................................................................................................
...625
8.9
数据表........................................................................................................................
...627
8.9.1
机床数据....................................................................................................................
...627
8.9.1.1
通用机床数据.............................................................................................................
...627
8.9.1.2
通道专用机床数据......................................................................................................
...627
8.9.2
系统变量....................................................................................................................
...628
目录
扩展功能
功能手册, 10/2015, 6FC5397-1BP40-5RA3
19
9 N3:软件挡块,行程开关信号 - 仅适用于 840D sl...........................................................................631
9.1
简要说明....................................................................................................................
...631
9.2
挡块信号和挡块位置..................................................................................................
...632
9.2.1
挡块信号单独输出......................................................................................................
...632
9.2.2
挡块信号关联输出......................................................................................................
...636
9.2.3
挡块位置....................................................................................................................
...640
9.2.4
提前时间/延迟时间(动态挡块)...............................................................................
...642
9.3
挡块信号输出.............................................................................................................
...643
9.3.1
激活...........................................................................................................................
...643
9.3.2
挡块信号输出到 PLC.................................................................................................
...644
9.3.3
挡块信号以位置控制周期输出到 NCK I/O..................................................................
...645
9.3.4
挡块信号定时输出......................................................................................................
...646
9.3.5
挡块信号单独定时输出...............................................................................................
...648
9.4
“行程-时间”挡块.....................................................................................................
...649
9.5
边界条件....................................................................................................................
...650
9.6
数据表........................................................................................................................
...651
9.6.1
机床数据....................................................................................................................
...651
9.6.1.1
通用机床数据.............................................................................................................
...651
9.6.2
设定数据....................................................................................................................
...651
9.6.2.1
通用设定数据.............................................................................................................
...651
9.6.3
信号...........................................................................................................................
...652
9.6.3.1
到进给轴/主轴的信号.................................................................................................
...652
9.6.3.2
来自进给轴/主轴的信号..............................................................................................
...652
10 N4:冲裁和步冲 - 仅适用于 840D sl................................................................................................653
10.1
简要描述....................................................................................................................
...653
10.2
冲程控制....................................................................................................................
...653
10.2.1
简介...........................................................................................................................
...653
10.2.2
快速信号....................................................................................................................
...654
10.2.3
冲程释放条件.............................................................................................................
...655
10.2.4
冲裁后的轴启动.........................................................................................................
...658
10.2.5
冲裁和步冲专用的 PLC 信号......................................................................................
...659
10.2.6
冲裁和步冲对标准 PLC 信号的特定反应....................................................................
...660
10.2.7
信号监控....................................................................................................................
...660
10.3
激活和撤销.................................................................................................................
...661
10.3.1
语言指令....................................................................................................................
...661
10.3.2
功能扩展....................................................................................................................
...665
10.3.3
与老系统的兼容性......................................................................................................
...670
10.4
自动划分行程.............................................................................................................
...672
10.4.1
简介...........................................................................................................................
...672
10.4.2
针对轨迹轴的特性......................................................................................................
...673
目录
扩展功能
20
功能手册, 10/2015, 6FC5397-1BP40-5RA3
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