面向对象编程与Java实战：第二版

2011

需积分: 7 52 浏览量更新于2024-07-31 1 收藏 1.89MB PDF 举报

"Springer出版的《Object-Oriented Programming and Java》第二版，由Danny Poo、Derek Kiong和Swarnalatha Ashok共同编写，主要涵盖了面向对象编程和Java语言的核心概念和技术。该书适用于新加坡国立大学计算学院和系统科学研究所的学生和教师。" 本资源详细介绍了面向对象编程（Object-Oriented Programming, OOP）的基础和Java编程语言的使用。面向对象编程是一种编程范式，它基于“对象”的概念，其中对象是数据和操作这些数据的方法的组合。在OOP中，程序设计通过定义和交互对象来实现，强调封装、继承和多态等核心原则。书中可能涵盖了以下OOP关键概念： 1. 封装：隐藏对象的内部细节，只对外提供公共接口进行交互，保护数据的安全性。 2. 继承：子类继承父类的属性和方法，实现代码重用和扩展。 3. 多态：同一消息可以被不同类型的对象响应，允许编写更灵活和通用的代码。 4. 类与对象：类是对象的模板或蓝图，对象是类的实例。 5. 构造器：用于初始化新创建的对象。 6. 接口：定义了一组方法，但不提供具体实现，多个类可以实现同一个接口。 7. 抽象类：不能直接实例化的类，通常包含抽象方法，用于定义共同行为。 8. 异常处理：通过try-catch语句块捕获和处理运行时错误。对于Java语言部分，可能包括以下主题： 1. 基本语法：变量声明、数据类型、运算符、控制流（如if-else、switch、循环）。 2. 面向对象特性在Java中的实现：类、对象、构造函数、继承、接口、包。 3. 内存管理：自动垃圾回收机制。 4. 集合框架：ArrayList、LinkedList、HashMap等数据结构的使用。 5. 异常处理：Java中的异常类层次，如何抛出和捕获异常。 6. 输入/输出(I/O)：文件操作、流的概念。 7. 多线程：线程的创建、同步和通信。 8. Java标准库：JDBC（Java数据库连接）、Swing GUI组件、网络编程API等。 9. 静态导入和泛型：提高代码可读性和灵活性的特性。 10. Java应用程序和小程序（Applet）的开发与部署。此外，书籍可能还包含了实践示例和练习题，帮助读者巩固理论知识并提升实际编程技能。由于没有提供具体章节内容，以上内容是根据一般面向对象编程和Java教程的常见主题推测的。对于深入学习和理解OOP和Java，这本书可能是一个很好的参考资料。

programming in the form of method, object, and class definition. Encapsulation is

the manifestation of modularity in object-oriented programming to the fullest. As

will be made clear in chapter 8, encapsulation brings together related properties into

class definitions with the structural definition of classes hidden from their users. The

purpose of this approach is to hide the implementation detail of objects so that when

changes in implementation of objects are called for, users of the objects will not be

adversely affected.

Exception Handling is considered in chapter 9. This is especially important in

object-oriented programming, as the mechanism for the glue and safety net in code

integration and reuse.

The Java API is introduced in chapter 10 and continues with the core classes for

input/output, networking, graphical components and applets within Web browsers.

Input and output rely on

InputStream and OutputStream classes, as well as Reader

and

Writer classes in JDK 1.1.

Chapter 11 introduces network connections via TCP/IP using the

Socket

class, similar to those for input and output in chapter 10, as they share behavior from

InputStream and OutputStream. As multi-processing is typically used with client/

server applications, we have also included the multi-threading API in this chapter,

together with a skeleton Web server as the working example.

Collection classes with Generics in chapter 12 show how the concepts of modu-

larity and encapsulation work to facilitate code reuse. This chapter not only gives an

overview of the classes in the Collections Framework, but this framework is an

excellent sample of how reusable code is written.

The AWT model is elaborated with descriptions of its constituents and example

usage for Graphical User Interfaces in chapter 13. There are sufficient code examples

to build interfaces for most simple applications. We have also incorporated Swing

classes for better interactivity.

Applet development relate to graphical interfaces and the issue of dynamic

loading of compiled Java bytecodes. This is discussed in chapter 14. Situations where

applet behavior differs from Java applications, security measures and implementing a

loader over the network are also considered.

Chapter 15 covers Java Servlets. It is related to dynamic code loading and

applets in chapter 14, but occurring on the server side. This forms the basis for Java-

based Web applications.

Chapter 16 examines Java Object Serialization and Remote Method Invocation.

The former may be viewed as a continuation of input and output facilities discussed

Remote Method Invocation (RMI) for distributed applications. A simple client/server

application framework using RMI is provided.

Chapter 17 provides an overview of the popular requirement of working with

databases – Java Database Connectivity. This topic warrants a whole book, but we

limit our discussion to the rationale, perspective and architecture of JDBC together

with necessary methods for working with real databases.

xviii Overview

in chapter 10, but with the focus to implement object persistence. Object Serialization

is also used to move objects over a network and forms a key role in implementing

2 Object-Oriented Programming and Java

1.2 Objects and Their Interactions in the Real World

Let us consider a real-world situation. There are two persons, Benjamin and his wife,

Bambie. They are customers of HomeCare, a company dealing in luxurious furni-

ture. HomeCare sells a variety of sofa sets. Each sofa set is labeled with an identifi-

cation number and a price tag. After viewing the sofa sets for an hour, Benjamin and

Bambie decide to purchase a green leather 5-seater set. They approach Sean, a sales-

person, to place their order.

In making his request known to Sean, Benjamin sends a message to Sean, “I

would like to purchase this green leather, 5-seater set. Can you please have it sent to

me by next Wednesday?”

The message that Benjamin has sent to Sean is a

takeOrder message. It con-

tains information such as the type of sofa set (a green leather, 5-seater set) and the

date of delivery (next Wednesday). This information is known as the parameters of

the

takeOrder message.

In response to Benjamin’s message, Sean replies to Benjamin by returning the

result of his request. We can represent the interaction between Benjamin and Sean

graphically using Figure 1-1.

takeOrder

result

Benjamin Sean

Figure 1-1: Interaction between Benjamin and Sean.

Sean was able to respond to Benjamin’s

takeOrder message because he under-

stood it and had the means to handle Benjamin’s request. Although Sean knew how

to satisfy Benjamin’s request, Benjamin did not. In fact, most of the time, customers

do not know how a salesperson has satisfied their orders. All they get from salesper-

sons are replies such as, “I am sorry, madam, we are unable to satisfy your request

because the sofa you wanted has been sold,” or “Sir, your request has been satisfied.

We will deliver the goods on Wednesday between 10 am to 11 am to the address

indicated. Thank you for your order.”

Sean, as a salesperson at HomeCare, has a responsibility towards Benjamin. He

maintains his responsibility by applying a set of operations:

1. He determines if there is sufficient stock to satisfy Benjamin’s request.

2. He determines if the requested date for delivery is a suitable date.

3. He instructs the warehouse staff to deliver the goods to Benjamin’s address

on the requested date, if the above conditions are satisfied.

4. Finally, he informs Benjamin the result of his request.

Introduction 3

1.3 Objects and Their Interactions in Programming

The interactions between Benjamin and Sean in the above real-world situation can be

represented in object-oriented programming terms. For instance, Benjamin and Sean

are objects that interact by sending messages. Benjamin is thus a message-sending

object, while Sean is a message-receiving object. Alternatively, we can label

Benjamin as a sender and Sean as a receiver.

The

takeOrder request from Benjamin to Sean is an example of a message. It

may have additional, accompanying information known as parameters (or argu-

ments) of the message. The fact that Sean responded to Benjamin’s message indi-

cates that the message is a valid message. Each valid message corresponds to a

method that Sean uses to fulfill his responsibility to Benjamin.

An invalid message, on the other hand, is one that the receiver does not have

the capability to respond to, that is, the receiver does not have a corresponding

method to match the message. For example, if Benjamin had requested a discount on

the price, his request would have been rejected because Sean, being a salesperson,

would not have the capability (or a corresponding method) to respond to the

message.

A method contains a number of operations detailing how Sean is to satisfy the

demand Benjamin put on Sean through the request.

Figure 1-2 summarizes the relationships of these terms.

Benjamin Sean

takeOrder(sofa type, who,

address,

elivery date

)

result

Message

Object

Method

Arguments

Figure 1-2: Object interactions in object-oriented programming terms.

While Benjamin may know what Sean can do through his methods, he may not

know how Sean does them. This is an important principle of object-oriented pro-

gramming known as information hiding: the sender of a message does not know how

a receiver is going to satisfy the request in the message.

1.4 Simulation

Based on the above example, it is clear that concepts in object-oriented programming

such as object, message and method, do provide a close representation of real-world

objects and their interactions. These concepts are thus suitable for simulating actual

object interactions in real-world situations.

剩余327页未读，继续阅读

麻团

粉丝: 5
资源: 83

面向对象编程与Java实战：第二版

面向对象编程与Java第二版

Springer 2007版《面向对象编程与Java》第二版电子书指南

中国计算机学会推荐：人工智能与模式识别顶级刊物

Object-Oriented Programming Languages: Interpretation

Springer.Cooperation.in.Wireless.Networks-Principles.and.Applications.2006

Springer.Press.-.3D.Shape.Estimation.And.Image.Restoration.RETAiL.eBOOk.-sUppLeX.pdf

Springer.Image.Analysis.Sediments.and.Paleoenvironments.Feb.2005.eBook-LinG.pdf

Springer.Signal.Processing.for.Telecommunications.and.Multimedia.Oct.2004.eBook-DDU.pdf

离散数学教材（Springer.Verlag.Discrete.Mathematics.Elementary.and.Beyond.ebook-TLFeBOOK）

Springer.TestGoal.Result-Driven.Testing.2008.pdf

最新资源