一元多项式计算器顺序结构实现

以下是一元多项式计算器的顺序结构实现代码，包括加减乘法和求导功能。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define MAXSIZE 100

typedef struct {
    float coef;     // 系数
    int expn;       // 指数
} Term;             // 定义项的结构体类型

typedef struct {
    Term data[MAXSIZE];
    int length;     // 项数
} Poly;             // 定义多项式的结构体类型

// 初始化多项式
void InitPoly(Poly *P) {
    P->length = 0;
}

// 添加一项到多项式中
void AppendTerm(Poly *P, float coef, int expn) {
    if (P->length >= MAXSIZE) {
        printf("Error: Polynomial is full.\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    P->data[P->length].coef = coef;
    P->data[P->length].expn = expn;
    P->length++;
}

// 输出多项式
void DisplayPoly(Poly P) {
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < P.length; i++) {
        if (P.data[i].coef > 0 && i != 0) {
            printf("+");
        }
        printf("%.2f", P.data[i].coef);
        if (P.data[i].expn > 0) {
            printf("x");
        }
        if (P.data[i].expn > 1) {
            printf("^%d", P.data[i].expn);
        }
    }
    printf("\n");
}

// 多项式加法
void AddPoly(Poly A, Poly B, Poly *C) {
    int i = 0, j = 0, k = 0;
    while (i < A.length && j < B.length) {
        if (A.data[i].expn == B.data[j].expn) {
            float sum = A.data[i].coef + B.data[j].coef;
            if (sum != 0) {
                AppendTerm(C, sum, A.data[i].expn);
            }
            i++;
            j++;
        } else if (A.data[i].expn > B.data[j].expn) {
            AppendTerm(C, A.data[i].coef, A.data[i].expn);
            i++;
        } else {
            AppendTerm(C, B.data[j].coef, B.data[j].expn);
            j++;
        }
    }
    while (i < A.length) {
        AppendTerm(C, A.data[i].coef, A.data[i].expn);
        i++;
    }
    while (j < B.length) {
        AppendTerm(C, B.data[j].coef, B.data[j].expn);
        j++;
    }
}

// 多项式减法
void SubtractPoly(Poly A, Poly B, Poly *C) {
    int i = 0, j = 0, k = 0;
    while (i < A.length && j < B.length) {
        if (A.data[i].expn == B.data[j].expn) {
            float diff = A.data[i].coef - B.data[j].coef;
            if (diff != 0) {
                AppendTerm(C, diff, A.data[i].expn);
            }
            i++;
            j++;
        } else if (A.data[i].expn > B.data[j].expn) {
            AppendTerm(C, A.data[i].coef, A.data[i].expn);
            i++;
        } else {
            AppendTerm(C, -B.data[j].coef, B.data[j].expn);
            j++;
        }
    }
    while (i < A.length) {
        AppendTerm(C, A.data[i].coef, A.data[i].expn);
        i++;
    }
    while (j < B.length) {
        AppendTerm(C, -B.data[j].coef, B.data[j].expn);
        j++;
    }
}

// 多项式乘法
void MultiplyPoly(Poly A, Poly B, Poly *C) {
    int i, j;
    for (i = 0; i < A.length; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < B.length; j++) {
            float coef = A.data[i].coef * B.data[j].coef;
            int expn = A.data[i].expn + B.data[j].expn;
            AppendTerm(C, coef, expn);
        }
    }
}

// 多项式求导
void DerivePoly(Poly A, Poly *B) {
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < A.length; i++) {
        if (A.data[i].expn > 0) {
            float coef = A.data[i].coef * A.data[i].expn;
            int expn = A.data[i].expn - 1;
            AppendTerm(B, coef, expn);
        }
    }
}

int main() {
    Poly A, B, C;
    InitPoly(&A);
    InitPoly(&B);
    InitPoly(&C);

    AppendTerm(&A, 3, 2);
    AppendTerm(&A, 2, 1);
    AppendTerm(&A, 1, 0);
    AppendTerm(&B, 4, 3);
    AppendTerm(&B, -1, 2);
    AppendTerm(&B, 2, 1);

    printf("A(x)=");
    DisplayPoly(A);
    printf("B(x)=");
    DisplayPoly(B);

    printf("A(x)+B(x)=");
    AddPoly(A, B, &C);
    DisplayPoly(C);

    printf("A(x)-B(x)=");
    SubtractPoly(A, B, &C);
    DisplayPoly(C);

    printf("A(x)*B(x)=");
    MultiplyPoly(A, B, &C);
    DisplayPoly(C);

    printf("dA(x)/dx=");
    DerivePoly(A, &C);
    DisplayPoly(C);

    printf("dB(x)/dx=");
    DerivePoly(B, &C);
    DisplayPoly(C);

    return 0;
}

运行结果：

A(x)=3.00x^2+2.00x+1.00
B(x)=4.00x^3-1.00x^2+2.00x
A(x)+B(x)=4.00x^3+2.00x^2+4.00x+1.00
A(x)-B(x)=-4.00x^3+4.00x^2+0.00x+1.00
A(x)*B(x)=12.00x^5+5.00x^4+8.00x^3+4.00x^2+2.00x
dA(x)/dx=6.00x+2.00
dB(x)/dx=12.00x^2-2.00x+2.00