写一个基于pytorch框架的手写数字识别的代码

以下是一个基于pytorch框架的手写数字识别的代码示例：

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.optim as optim
import torchvision.datasets as datasets
import torchvision.transforms as transforms

# 定义模型
class Net(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Net, self).__init__()
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(1, 32, kernel_size=5)
        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(32, 64, kernel_size=5)
        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(1024, 128)
        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(128, 10)

    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.conv1(x)
        x = nn.functional.relu(x)
        x = nn.functional.max_pool2d(x, 2)
        x = self.conv2(x)
        x = nn.functional.relu(x)
        x = nn.functional.max_pool2d(x, 2)
        x = x.view(-1, 1024)
        x = self.fc1(x)
        x = nn.functional.relu(x)
        x = self.fc2(x)
        return nn.functional.log_softmax(x, dim=1)

# 加载数据
train_dataset = datasets.MNIST(root='./data', train=True, download=True, transform=transforms.ToTensor())
test_dataset = datasets.MNIST(root='./data', train=False, download=True, transform=transforms.ToTensor())
train_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(train_dataset, batch_size=64, shuffle=True)
test_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(test_dataset, batch_size=64, shuffle=False)

# 定义训练函数
def train(model, device, train_loader, optimizer, epoch):
    model.train()
    for batch_idx, (data, target) in enumerate(train_loader):
        data, target = data.to(device), target.to(device)
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        output = model(data)
        loss = nn.functional.nll_loss(output, target)
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()
        if batch_idx % 100 == 0:
            print('Train Epoch: {} [{}/{} ({:.0f}%)]\tLoss: {:.6f}'.format(
                epoch, batch_idx * len(data), len(train_loader.dataset),
                100. * batch_idx / len(train_loader), loss.item()))

# 定义测试函数
def test(model, device, test_loader):
    model.eval()
    test_loss = 0
    correct = 0
    with torch.no_grad():
        for data, target in test_loader:
            data, target = data.to(device), target.to(device)
            output = model(data)
            test_loss += nn.functional.nll_loss(output, target, reduction='sum').item()
            pred = output.argmax(dim=1, keepdim=True)
            correct += pred.eq(target.view_as(pred)).sum().item()

    test_loss /= len(test_loader.dataset)

    print('\nTest set: Average loss: {:.4f}, Accuracy: {}/{} ({:.0f}%)\n'.format(
        test_loss, correct, len(test_loader.dataset),
        100. * correct / len(test_loader.dataset)))

# 训练模型
device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")
model = Net().to(device)
optimizer = optim.SGD(model.parameters(), lr=0.01, momentum=0.5)

for epoch in range(1, 11):
    train(model, device, train_loader, optimizer, epoch)
    test(model, device, test_loader)

这个代码会训练一个卷积神经网络模型，用于手写数字识别。它使用了MNIST数据集，包含了手写数字图片和对应的标签。首先定义了一个卷积神经网络模型，然后加载MNIST数据集，接着定义了训练函数和测试函数，最后使用SGD优化器训练模型。在每个epoch中，使用训练函数训练模型，然后使用测试函数测试模型的性能。最终输出测试集的平均损失和准确率。