In your own words, explain, using a most easy example, how the this reference works. What is an advantage of using this reference?

The `this` reference in programming is used to refer to the current object instance that a method or property belongs to. This is especially useful when you have multiple objects of the same class and need to differentiate between them.

For example, let's say we have a class called `Person` with a property called `name`. We create two instances of this class: `person1` and `person2`. If we want to set the `name` property for `person1`, we would use `person1.name = "John"`. But how would we set the `name` property for `person2`? We can't use `person1.name` again, because that would change the name for `person1` again. This is where the `this` reference comes in handy.

We can define the `name` property like this:

class Person {
  constructor(name) {
    this.name = name;
  }
}

Now, when we create a new `Person` instance, we can use `this.name` to set the name property for that specific instance:

const person1 = new Person("John");
const person2 = new Person("Jane");
console.log(person1.name); // "John"
console.log(person2.name); // "Jane"

The advantage of using `this` is that it allows us to write more flexible and reusable code. We can create multiple instances of the same class, and each instance can have its own unique properties and values.