解释一下这个代码self.num_features = input_shape
时间: 2024-01-31 20:03:44 浏览: 117
我理解你的问题是要我解释一下代码中的self.num_features = input_shape。这段代码的意思是将输入数据的形状(即input_shape)中的特征数量(即feature number)赋值给类中的一个属性num_features。这样我们在模型的后续层中就可以方便地使用num_features这个属性来做特征相关的操作,比如权重初始化、输入数据重塑等。这里需要注意的是,input_shape可以是一个元祖,也可以是一个列表,但必须保证特征数量在其中位置相同。
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class SelfAttention(nn.Module): def init(self, input_size=1, num_heads=1): super(SelfAttention, self).init() self.num_heads = 1 self.head_size = 1 self.query = nn.Linear(1, 1) self.key = nn.Linear(1, 1) self.value = nn.Linear(1, 1) self.out = nn.Linear(1, 1) def forward(self, inputs): batch_size, seq_len, input_size = inputs.size() # 128 706 1 # Split inputs into num_heads inputs = inputs.view(batch_size, seq_len, self.num_heads, self.head_size) inputs = inputs.permute(0, 2, 1, 3).contiguous() queries = self.query(inputs).view(batch_size, self.num_heads, seq_len, self.head_size) keys = self.key(inputs).view(batch_size, self.num_heads, seq_len, self.head_size) values = self.value(inputs).view(batch_size, self.num_heads, seq_len, self.head_size) # Compute attention scores scores = torch.matmul(queries, keys.permute(0, 1, 3, 2)) scores = scores / (self.head_size ** 0.5) attention = F.softmax(scores, dim=-1) # Apply attention weights to values attention_output = torch.matmul(attention, values) attention_output = attention_output.view(batch_size, seq_len, input_size) # Apply output linear layer output = self.out(attention_output) return output class DenseAttentionLayer(nn.Module): def init(self, input_size, return_alphas=True, name=None, num_heads=1): super(DenseAttentionLayer, self).init() self.return_alphas = return_alphas self.name = name self.num_heads = num_heads # If input comes with a hidden dimension (e.g. 5 features per gene) # print("len(input_size): ",len(input_size)) # 2 if len(input_size) == 3: self.feature_collapse = nn.Linear(input_size[-1], 1) input_size = (input_size[0], input_size[1]) self.attention = SelfAttention(input_size=1, num_heads=1) def forward(self, inputs): print("inputs.shape: ",inputs.shape) # torch.Size([128, 706]) output = self.attention(inputs) if self.return_alphas: alphas = F.softmax(output, dim=1) return torch.mul(inputs, alphas), alphas else: return output 对于上述代码其中numheads=1 headsize=1
这段代码实现了一个自注意力层(Self-Attention Layer)和一个稠密注意力层(Dense Attention Layer)。
在自注意力层中,输入被划分为多个头(num_heads),每个头的大小为head_size。然后,通过三个线性层(query、key、value)将输入映射到查询(queries)、键(keys)和值(values)空间,并计算注意力分数(scores),再通过softmax函数计算权重(attention),最后将权重与值相乘得到输出(attention_output)。
在稠密注意力层中,首先将输入进行特征折叠(feature collapse),将第三个维度(如果存在)折叠为1。然后,将折叠后的输入送入自注意力层,得到输出。如果return_alphas为True,则也返回注意力权重。
需要注意的是,这里的num_heads和head_size都被设置为1,因此实际上并没有使用多头自注意力机制。
生成torch代码:class ConcreteAutoencoderFeatureSelector(): def __init__(self, K, output_function, num_epochs=300, batch_size=None, learning_rate=0.001, start_temp=10.0, min_temp=0.1, tryout_limit=1): self.K = K self.output_function = output_function self.num_epochs = num_epochs self.batch_size = batch_size self.learning_rate = learning_rate self.start_temp = start_temp self.min_temp = min_temp self.tryout_limit = tryout_limit def fit(self, X, Y=None, val_X=None, val_Y=None): if Y is None: Y = X assert len(X) == len(Y) validation_data = None if val_X is not None and val_Y is not None: assert len(val_X) == len(val_Y) validation_data = (val_X, val_Y) if self.batch_size is None: self.batch_size = max(len(X) // 256, 16) num_epochs = self.num_epochs steps_per_epoch = (len(X) + self.batch_size - 1) // self.batch_size for i in range(self.tryout_limit): K.set_learning_phase(1) inputs = Input(shape=X.shape[1:]) alpha = math.exp(math.log(self.min_temp / self.start_temp) / (num_epochs * steps_per_epoch)) self.concrete_select = ConcreteSelect(self.K, self.start_temp, self.min_temp, alpha, name='concrete_select') selected_features = self.concrete_select(inputs) outputs = self.output_function(selected_features) self.model = Model(inputs, outputs) self.model.compile(Adam(self.learning_rate), loss='mean_squared_error') print(self.model.summary()) stopper_callback = StopperCallback() hist = self.model.fit(X, Y, self.batch_size, num_epochs, verbose=1, callbacks=[stopper_callback], validation_data=validation_data) # , validation_freq = 10) if K.get_value(K.mean( K.max(K.softmax(self.concrete_select.logits, axis=-1)))) >= stopper_callback.mean_max_target: break num_epochs *= 2 self.probabilities = K.get_value(K.softmax(self.model.get_layer('concrete_select').logits)) self.indices = K.get_value(K.argmax(self.model.get_layer('concrete_select').logits)) return self def get_indices(self): return K.get_value(K.argmax(self.model.get_layer('concrete_select').logits)) def get_mask(self): return K.get_value(K.sum(K.one_hot(K.argmax(self.model.get_layer('concrete_select').logits), self.model.get_layer('concrete_select').logits.shape[1]), axis=0)) def transform(self, X): return X[self.get_indices()] def fit_transform(self, X, y): self.fit(X, y) return self.transform(X) def get_support(self, indices=False): return self.get_indices() if indices else self.get_mask() def get_params(self): return self.model
这段代码定义了一个名为"ConcreteAutoencoderFeatureSelector"的类,它有几个参数,包括:K(特征数目),output_function(输出函数),num_epochs(迭代次数),batch_size(批大小),learning_rate(学习率),start_temp(开始温度),min_temp(最小温度),tryout_limit(尝试次数)。
fit()函数用于训练模型。如果不提供Y,则默认使用X。如果提供了val_X和val_Y,那么还会对模型进行验证。该函数将检查X和Y是否具有相同的长度,并通过步骤计算每个迭代周期的步骤数。然后使用concrete_select函数对数据进行特征选择,最后训练模型并输出总结。模型将使用Adam优化器,并计算均方误差进行损失。最后,将使用StopperCallback回调停止模型的训练。
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