三阶魔方还原算法c++

以下是三阶魔方还原算法的C++代码示例。这里提供一种基于CFOP方法的求解方式，具体实现可能因人而异：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

// 求解魔方的类
class RubikCube {
public:
    // 定义6个颜色
    enum Color {
        WHITE, YELLOW, BLUE, GREEN, RED, ORANGE
    };
    // 定义6个面
    enum Face {
        UP, DOWN, LEFT, RIGHT, FRONT, BACK
    };
    // 定义转动方式
    enum Turn {
        CLOCKWISE, COUNTERCLOCKWISE, DOUBLE
    };

    // 初始化魔方
    RubikCube() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < 9; j++) {
                cube[i][j] = static_cast<Color>(i);
            }
        }
    }

    // 打印魔方状态
    void print() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i += 3) {
            printRow(UP, i);
            cout << " ";
            printRow(FRONT, i);
            cout << " ";
            printRow(DOWN, i);
            cout << " ";
            printRow(BACK, i);
            cout << endl;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            printRow(LEFT, i);
            cout << " ";
            printRow(RIGHT, i);
            cout << endl;
        }
    }

    // 转动魔方
    void turn(Face face, Turn turn) {
        rotate(face, turn);  // 旋转当前面
        switch (face) {  // 根据当前面的位置调整其他面
            case UP:
                if (turn != DOUBLE) {
                    if (turn == CLOCKWISE) {
                        swap(FRONT, RIGHT, BACK, LEFT);
                    } else {
                        swap(FRONT, LEFT, BACK, RIGHT);
                    }
                }
                break;
            case DOWN:
                if (turn != DOUBLE) {
                    if (turn == CLOCKWISE) {
                        swap(FRONT, LEFT, BACK, RIGHT);
                    } else {
                        swap(FRONT, RIGHT, BACK, LEFT);
                    }
                }
                break;
            case LEFT:
                if (turn != DOUBLE) {
                    if (turn == CLOCKWISE) {
                        swap(UP, BACK, DOWN, FRONT);
                    } else {
                        swap(UP, FRONT, DOWN, BACK);
                    }
                }
                break;
            case RIGHT:
                if (turn != DOUBLE) {
                    if (turn == CLOCKWISE) {
                        swap(UP, FRONT, DOWN, BACK);
                    } else {
                        swap(UP, BACK, DOWN, FRONT);
                    }
                }
                break;
            case FRONT:
                if (turn != DOUBLE) {
                    if (turn == CLOCKWISE) {
                        swap(UP, LEFT, DOWN, RIGHT);
                    } else {
                        swap(UP, RIGHT, DOWN, LEFT);
                    }
                }
                break;
            case BACK:
                if (turn != DOUBLE) {
                    if (turn == CLOCKWISE) {
                        swap(UP, RIGHT, DOWN, LEFT);
                    } else {
                        swap(UP, LEFT, DOWN, RIGHT);
                    }
                }
                break;
        }
    }

    // 按照给定的步骤还原魔方
    void solve(string steps) {
        for (char c : steps) {
            switch (c) {
                case 'U': turn(UP, CLOCKWISE); break;
                case 'U\'': turn(UP, COUNTERCLOCKWISE); break;
                case 'U2': turn(UP, DOUBLE); break;
                case 'D': turn(DOWN, CLOCKWISE); break;
                case 'D\'': turn(DOWN, COUNTERCLOCKWISE); break;
                case 'D2': turn(DOWN, DOUBLE); break;
                case 'L': turn(LEFT, CLOCKWISE); break;
                case 'L\'': turn(LEFT, COUNTERCLOCKWISE); break;
                case 'L2': turn(LEFT, DOUBLE); break;
                case 'R': turn(RIGHT, CLOCKWISE); break;
                case 'R\'': turn(RIGHT, COUNTERCLOCKWISE); break;
                case 'R2': turn(RIGHT, DOUBLE); break;
                case 'F': turn(FRONT, CLOCKWISE); break;
                case 'F\'': turn(FRONT, COUNTERCLOCKWISE); break;
                case 'F2': turn(FRONT, DOUBLE); break;
                case 'B': turn(BACK, CLOCKWISE); break;
                case 'B\'': turn(BACK, COUNTERCLOCKWISE); break;
                case 'B2': turn(BACK, DOUBLE); break;
            }
        }
    }

private:
    Color cube[6][9];  // 存储魔方状态

    // 打印一行
    void printRow(Face face, int row) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            cout << getColorChar(cube[face][row + i]);
        }
    }

    // 旋转一个面
    void rotate(Face face, Turn turn) {
        int index[9];
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
            switch (turn) {
                case CLOCKWISE:
                    index[i] = 2 - i % 3 + 3 * (i / 3);
                    break;
                case COUNTERCLOCKWISE:
                    index[i] = i % 3 + 3 * (2 - i / 3);
                    break;
                case DOUBLE:
                    index[i] = 8 - i;
                    break;
            }
        }
        Color tmp[9];
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
            tmp[i] = cube[face][index[i]];
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
            cube[face][i] = tmp[i];
        }
    }

    // 交换四个面的位置，用于调整其他面
    void swap(Face a, Face b, Face c, Face d) {
        Color tmp[9];
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
            tmp[i] = cube[a][i];
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
            cube[a][i] = cube[b][i];
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
            cube[b][i] = cube[c][i];
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
            cube[c][i] = cube[d][i];
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
            cube[d][i] = tmp[i];
        }
    }

    // 将枚举类型的颜色转换为字符
    char getColorChar(Color color) {
        switch (color) {
            case WHITE: return 'W';
            case YELLOW: return 'Y';
            case BLUE: return 'B';
            case GREEN: return 'G';
            case RED: return 'R';
            case ORANGE: return 'O';
        }
        return '?';
    }
};

int main() {
    RubikCube cube;  // 初始化魔方
    cube.turn(UP, CLOCKWISE);
    cube.turn(FRONT, CLOCKWISE);
    cube.turn(RIGHT, COUNTERCLOCKWISE);
    cube.turn(UP, COUNTERCLOCKWISE);
    cube.turn(FRONT, DOUBLE);
    cube.turn(UP, CLOCKWISE);
    cube.turn(LEFT, COUNTERCLOCKWISE);
    cube.turn(UP, CLOCKWISE);
    cube.turn(FRONT, DOUBLE);
    cube.turn(RIGHT, DOUBLE);
    cube.turn(UP, COUNTERCLOCKWISE);
    cube.solve("R U R\' U R U2 R\'");  // 进行还原
    cube.print();  // 打印还原后的状态
    return 0;
}

这里的求解方法是CFOP方法，即先完成底面，再完成中间层，再完成顶面，最后完成顶面的角块。实际求解魔方时，可以尝试多种方法，选择自己熟悉的或者适合自己的方法即可。