假定用于分析的数据包含属性age。数据元组中age的值如下(按递增序):13, 15, 16, 16, 19, 20, 20, 21, 22, 22, 25, 25, 25, 25, 30, 33, 33, 35, 35, 35, 35, 36, 40, 45, 46, 52, 70。使用c语言实现,使用ODBC连接数据库。实现如下功能(要求程序具有通用性): (a) 使用按箱平均值平滑法对以上数据进行平滑,箱的深度为3。 (b) 使用按箱中值平滑法对以上数据进行平滑,箱的深度为3。 (c) 使用按箱边界值平滑法对以上数据进行平滑,箱的深度为3。
时间: 2023-08-10 18:02:13 浏览: 50
由于题目要求使用ODBC连接数据库,需要先建立连接并获取数据,以下是一个简单的连接数据库并获取数据的示例代码:
```c
#include <windows.h>
#include <sql.h>
#include <sqlext.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
SQLHENV env;
SQLHDBC dbc;
SQLHSTMT stmt;
SQLRETURN ret;
// Allocate environment handle
ret = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, SQL_NULL_HANDLE, &env);
if (!SQL_SUCCEEDED(ret)) {
printf("Error allocating environment handle\n");
return 1;
}
// Set the ODBC version environment attribute
ret = SQLSetEnvAttr(env, SQL_ATTR_ODBC_VERSION, (SQLPOINTER)SQL_OV_ODBC3, 0);
if (!SQL_SUCCEEDED(ret)) {
printf("Error setting environment attribute\n");
SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, env);
return 1;
}
// Allocate connection handle
ret = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, env, &dbc);
if (!SQL_SUCCEEDED(ret)) {
printf("Error allocating connection handle\n");
SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, env);
return 1;
}
// Connect to the database
ret = SQLDriverConnect(dbc, NULL, "DSN=yourdsn;UID=youruid;PWD=yourpwd", SQL_NTS, NULL, 0, NULL, SQL_DRIVER_COMPLETE);
if (!SQL_SUCCEEDED(ret)) {
printf("Error connecting to database\n");
SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, dbc);
SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, env);
return 1;
}
// Allocate statement handle
ret = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, dbc, &stmt);
if (!SQL_SUCCEEDED(ret)) {
printf("Error allocating statement handle\n");
SQLDisconnect(dbc);
SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, dbc);
SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, env);
return 1;
}
// Execute SQL statement to retrieve data
ret = SQLExecDirect(stmt, "SELECT age FROM mytable", SQL_NTS);
if (!SQL_SUCCEEDED(ret)) {
printf("Error executing SQL statement\n");
SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, stmt);
SQLDisconnect(dbc);
SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, dbc);
SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, env);
return 1;
}
// Fetch the data
SQLINTEGER age;
while (SQLFetch(stmt) == SQL_SUCCESS) {
SQLGetData(stmt, 1, SQL_C_LONG, &age, sizeof(age), NULL);
// Process the retrieved data here
}
// Free resources
SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, stmt);
SQLDisconnect(dbc);
SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, dbc);
SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, env);
return 0;
}
```
对于数据平滑的部分,以下是使用C语言实现的按箱平均值、按箱中值和按箱边界值三种平滑方法的代码示例:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
// 按箱平均值平滑
void boxcar_smooth_mean(int data[], int n, int depth, int output[]) {
int i, j, sum;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
sum = 0;
for (j = i - depth; j <= i + depth; j++) {
if (j >= 0 && j < n) {
sum += data[j];
}
}
output[i] = sum / (2 * depth + 1);
}
}
// 按箱中值平滑
void boxcar_smooth_median(int data[], int n, int depth, int output[]) {
int i, j, k, temp;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
int window[2 * depth + 1];
for (j = i - depth, k = 0; j <= i + depth; j++, k++) {
if (j >= 0 && j < n) {
window[k] = data[j];
}
}
for (j = 0; j < 2 * depth; j++) {
for (k = j + 1; k < 2 * depth + 1; k++) {
if (window[j] > window[k]) {
temp = window[j];
window[j] = window[k];
window[k] = temp;
}
}
}
output[i] = window[depth];
}
}
// 按箱边界值平滑
void boxcar_smooth_boundary(int data[], int n, int depth, int output[]) {
int i, j;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
int window[2 * depth + 1];
for (j = i - depth; j <= i + depth; j++) {
if (j >= 0 && j < n) {
window[j - (i - depth)] = data[j];
} else {
window[j - (i - depth)] = data[i];
}
}
int min = window[0], max = window[0], k;
for (k = 1; k < 2 * depth + 1; k++) {
if (window[k] < min) {
min = window[k];
}
if (window[k] > max) {
max = window[k];
}
}
if (data[i] < min) {
output[i] = min;
} else if (data[i] > max) {
output[i] = max;
} else {
output[i] = data[i];
}
}
}
int main() {
// 假设原始数据存储在数组data中
int data[] = {13, 15, 16, 16, 19, 20, 20, 21, 22, 22, 25, 25, 25, 25, 30, 33, 33, 35, 35, 35, 35, 36, 40, 45, 46, 52, 70};
int n = sizeof(data) / sizeof(int);
// 使用按箱平均值平滑法对数据进行平滑
int smoothed_mean[n];
boxcar_smooth_mean(data, n, 1, smoothed_mean);
// 使用按箱中值平滑法对数据进行平滑
int smoothed_median[n];
boxcar_smooth_median(data, n, 1, smoothed_median);
// 使用按箱边界值平滑法对数据进行平滑
int smoothed_boundary[n];
boxcar_smooth_boundary(data, n, 1, smoothed_boundary);
// 输出平滑后的数据
int i;
printf("Using boxcar mean smoothing:\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
printf("%d ", smoothed_mean[i]);
}
printf("\n");
printf("Using boxcar median smoothing:\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
printf("%d ", smoothed_median[i]);
}
printf("\n");
printf("Using boxcar boundary smoothing:\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
printf("%d ", smoothed_boundary[i]);
}
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
```
以上代码仅作为示例,实际使用时可能需要根据具体情况进行修改和优化。