flask框架搭建个人博客源代码

很高兴为您解答。以下是使用Flask框架搭建个人博客的源代码：

1. 首先，安装Flask框架和其他必要的库：

pip install Flask
pip install Flask-WTF
pip install Flask-Login
pip install Flask-Bcrypt
pip install Flask-Mail
pip install Flask-Bootstrap
pip install Flask-Moment
pip install Flask-SQLAlchemy

2. 创建一个名为app.py的文件，并添加以下代码：

from flask import Flask, render_template
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from flask_bcrypt import Bcrypt
from flask_login import LoginManager
from flask_mail import Mail
from flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap
from flask_moment import Moment

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'your_secret_key_here'
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///site.db'
db = SQLAlchemy(app)
bcrypt = Bcrypt(app)
login_manager = LoginManager(app)
login_manager.login_view = 'login'
login_manager.login_message_category = 'info'
app.config['MAIL_SERVER'] = 'smtp.googlemail.com'
app.config['MAIL_PORT'] = 587
app.config['MAIL_USE_TLS'] = True
app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'] = 'your_email_here'
app.config['MAIL_PASSWORD'] = 'your_email_password_here'
mail = Mail(app)
bootstrap = Bootstrap(app)
moment = Moment(app)

from your_app_name_here import routes

3. 创建一个名为routes.py的文件，并添加以下代码：

from flask import render_template, url_for, flash, redirect
from your_app_name_here import app, db, bcrypt, mail
from your_app_name_here.forms import RegistrationForm, LoginForm, UpdateAccountForm, PostForm, RequestResetForm, ResetPasswordForm
from your_app_name_here.models import User, Post
from flask_login import login_user, current_user, logout_user, login_required
from flask_mail import Message
from PIL import Image
import secrets
import os

@app.route("/")
@app.route("/home")
def home():
    page = request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)
    posts = Post.query.order_by(Post.date_posted.desc()).paginate(page=page, per_page=5)
    return render_template('home.html', posts=posts)

@app.route("/about")
def about():
    return render_template('about.html', title='About')

@app.route("/register", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def register():
    if current_user.is_authenticated:
        return redirect(url_for('home'))
    form = RegistrationForm()
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        hashed_password = bcrypt.generate_password_hash(form.password.data).decode('utf-8')
        user = User(username=form.username.data, email=form.email.data, password=hashed_password)
        db.session.add(user)
        db.session.commit()
        flash('Your account has been created! You are now able to log in', 'success')
        return redirect(url_for('login'))
    return render_template('register.html', title='Register', form=form)

@app.route("/login", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
    if current_user.is_authenticated:
        return redirect(url_for('home'))
    form = LoginForm()
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        user = User.query.filter_by(email=form.email.data).first()
        if user and bcrypt.check_password_hash(user.password, form.password.data):
            login_user(user, remember=form.remember.data)
            next_page = request.args.get('next')
            return redirect(next_page) if next_page else redirect(url_for('home'))
        else:
            flash('Login Unsuccessful. Please check email and password', 'danger')
    return render_template('login.html', title='Login', form=form)

@app.route("/logout")
def logout():
    logout_user()
    return redirect(url_for('home'))

def save_picture(form_picture):
    random_hex = secrets.token_hex(8)
    _, f_ext = os.path.splitext(form_picture.filename)
    picture_fn = random_hex + f_ext
    picture_path = os.path.join(app.root_path, 'static/profile_pics', picture_fn)
    output_size = (125, 125)
    i = Image.open(form_picture)
    i.thumbnail(output_size)
    i.save(picture_path)
    return picture_fn

@app.route("/account", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@login_required
def account():
    form = UpdateAccountForm()
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        if form.picture.data:
            picture_file = save_picture(form.picture.data)
            current_user.image_file = picture_file
        current_user.username = form.username.data
        current_user.email = form.email.data
        db.session.commit()
        flash('Your account has been updated!', 'success')
        return redirect(url_for('account'))
    elif request.method == 'GET':
        form.username.data = current_user.username
        form.email.data = current_user.email
    image_file = url_for('static', filename='profile_pics/' + current_user.image_file)
    return render_template('account.html', title='Account',
                           image_file=image_file, form=form)

@app.route("/post/new", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@login_required
def new_post():
    form = PostForm()
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        post = Post(title=form.title.data, content=form.content.data, author=current_user)
        db.session.add(post)
        db.session.commit()
        flash('Your post has been created!', 'success')
        return redirect(url_for('home'))
    return render_template('create_post.html', title='New Post',
                           form=form, legend='New Post')

@app.route("/post/<int:post_id>")
def post(post_id):
    post = Post.query.get_or_404(post_id)
    return render_template('post.html', title=post.title, post=post)

@app.route("/post/<int:post_id>/update", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@login_required
def update_post(post_id):
    post = Post.query.get_or_404(post_id)
    if post.author != current_user:
        abort(403)
    form = PostForm()
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        post.title = form.title.data
        post.content = form.content.data
        db.session.commit()
        flash('Your post has been updated!', 'success')
        return redirect(url_for('post', post_id=post.id))
    elif request.method == 'GET':
        form.title.data = post.title
        form.content.data = post.content
    return render_template('create_post.html', title='Update Post',
                           form=form, legend='Update Post')

@app.route("/post/<int:post_id>/delete", methods=['POST'])
@login_required
def delete_post(post_id):
    post = Post.query.get_or_404(post_id)
    if post.author != current_user:
        abort(403)
    db.session.delete(post)
    db.session.commit()
    flash('Your post has been deleted!', 'success')
    return redirect(url_for('home'))

def send_reset_email(user):
    token = user.get_reset_token()
    msg = Message('Password Reset Request',
                  sender='noreply@demo.com',
                  recipients=[user.email])
    msg.body = f'''To reset your password, visit the following link:
{url_for('reset_token', token=token, _external=True)}

If you did not make this request then simply ignore this email and no changes will be made.
'''
    mail.send(msg)

@app.route("/reset_password", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def reset_request():
    if current_user.is_authenticated:
        return redirect(url_for('home'))
    form = RequestResetForm()
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        user = User.query.filter_by(email=form.email.data).first()
        send_reset_email(user)
        flash('An email has been sent with instructions to reset your password.', 'info')
        return redirect(url_for('login'))
    return render_template('reset_request.html', title='Reset Password', form=form)

@app.route("/reset_password/<token>", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def reset_token(token):
    if current_user.is_authenticated:
        return redirect(url_for('home'))
    user = User.verify_reset_token(token)
    if user is None:
        flash('That is an invalid or expired token', 'warning')
        return redirect(url_for('reset_request'))
    form = ResetPasswordForm()
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        hashed_password = bcrypt.generate_password_hash(form.password.data).decode('utf-8')
        user.password = hashed_password
        db.session.commit()
        flash('Your password has been updated! You are now able to log in', 'success')
        return redirect(url_for('login'))
    return render_template('reset_token.html', title='Reset Password', form=form)

4. 创建一个名为models.py的文件，并添加以下代码：

from datetime import datetime
from your_app_name_here import db, login_manager
from flask_login import UserMixin
from itsdangerous import TimedJSONWebSignatureSerializer as Serializer
from flask import current_app

@login_manager.user_loader
def load_user(user_id):
    return User.query.get(int(user_id))

class User(db.Model, UserMixin):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    username = db.Column(db.String(20), unique=True, nullable=False)
    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
    image_file = db.Column(db.String(20), nullable=False, default='default.jpg')
    password = db.Column(db.String(60), nullable=False)
    posts = db.relationship('Post', backref='author', lazy=True)

    def get_reset_token(self, expires_sec=1800):
        s = Serializer(current_app.config['SECRET_KEY'], expires_sec)
        return s.dumps({'user_id': self.id}).decode('utf-8')

    @staticmethod
    def verify_reset_token(token):
        s = Serializer(current_app.config['SECRET_KEY'])
        try:
            user_id = s.loads(token)['user_id']
        except:
            return None
        return User.query.get(user_id)

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"User('{self.username}', '{self.email}', '{self.image_file}')"

class Post(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    title = db.Column(db.String(100), nullable=False)
    date_posted = db.Column(db.DateTime, nullable=False, default=datetime.utcnow)
    content = db.Column(db.Text, nullable=False)
    user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'), nullable=False)

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"Post('{self.title}', '{self.date_posted}')"

5. 创建一个名为forms.py的文件，并添加以下代码：

from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
from flask_wtf.file import FileField, FileAllowed
from flask_login import current_user
from wtforms import StringField, PasswordField, SubmitField, BooleanField, TextAreaField
from wtforms.validators import DataRequired, Length, Email, EqualTo, ValidationError
from your_app_name_here.models import User
from flask_wtf.recaptcha import RecaptchaField

class RegistrationForm(FlaskForm):
    username = StringField('Username',
                           validators=[DataRequired(), Length(min=2, max=20)])
    email = StringField('Email',
                        validators=[DataRequired(), Email()])
    password = PasswordField('Password', validators=[DataRequired()])
    confirm_password = PasswordField('Confirm Password',
                                     validators=[DataRequired(), EqualTo('password')])
    recaptcha = RecaptchaField()
    submit = SubmitField('Sign Up')

    def validate_username(self, username):
        user = User.query.filter_by(username=username.data).first()
        if user:
            raise ValidationError('That username is taken. Please choose a different one.')

    def validate_email(self, email):
        user = User.query.filter_by(email=email.data).first()
        if user:
            raise ValidationError('That email is taken. Please choose a different one.')

class LoginForm(FlaskForm):
    email = StringField('Email',
                        validators=[DataRequired(), Email()])
    password = PasswordField('Password', validators=[DataRequired()])
    remember = BooleanField('Remember Me')
    submit = SubmitField('Login')

class UpdateAccountForm(FlaskForm):
    username = StringField('Username',
                           validators=[DataRequired(), Length(min=2, max=20)])
    email = StringField('Email',
                        validators=[DataRequired(), Email()])
    picture = FileField('Update Profile Picture', validators=[FileAllowed(['jpg', 'png'])])
    submit = SubmitField('Update')

    def validate_username(self, username):
        if username.data != current_user.username:
            user = User.query.filter_by(username=username.data).first()
            if user:
                raise ValidationError('That username is taken. Please choose a different one.')

    def validate_email(self, email):
        if email.data != current_user.email:
            user = User.query.filter_by(email=email.data).first()
            if user:
                raise ValidationError('That email is taken. Please choose a different one.')

class PostForm(FlaskForm):
    title = StringField('Title', validators=[DataRequired()])
    content = TextAreaField('Content', validators=[DataRequired()])
    submit = SubmitField('Post')

class RequestResetForm(FlaskForm):
    email = StringField('Email',
                        validators=[DataRequired(), Email()])
    submit = SubmitField('Request Password Reset')

    def validate_email(self, email):
        user = User.query.filter_by(email=email.data).first()
        if user is None:
            raise ValidationError('There is no account with that email. You must register first.')

class ResetPasswordForm(FlaskForm):
    password = PasswordField('Password', validators=[DataRequired()])
    confirm_password = PasswordField('Confirm Password',
                                     validators=[DataRequired(), EqualTo('password')])
    submit = SubmitField('Reset Password')

6. 创建一个名为templates的文件夹，并在其中创建以下HTML文件：

home.html：

{% extends "layout.html" %}
{% block content %}
  {% for post in posts.items %}
    <article class="media content-section">
      <img class="rounded-circle article-img" src="{{ url_for('static', filename='profile_pics/' + post.author.image_file) }}">
      <div class="media-body">
        <div class="article-metadata">
          <a class="mr-2" href="{{ url_for('user_posts', username=post.author.username) }}">{{ post.author.username }}</a>
          <small class="text-muted">{{ post.date_posted.strftime('%Y-%m-%d') }}</small>
        </div>
        <h2><a class="article-title" href="{{ url_for('post', post_id=post.id) }}">{{ post.title }}</a></h2>
        <p class="article-content">{{ post.content }}</p>
      </div>
    </article>
  {% endfor %}
  <div class="pagination">
    {% if posts.has_prev %}
      <a class="btn btn-outline-info mb-4"