利用LL(1)分析表实现语法分析python
时间: 2023-12-01 18:02:15 浏览: 82
LL(1)分析表是一种自上而下的语法分析方法,用于分析上下文无关文法。下面是一个简单的Python代码的文法:
```
<program> ::= <statement_list>
<statement_list> ::= <statement> ";" <statement_list> | <statement>
<statement> ::= <assignment_statement> | <print_statement>
<assignment_statement> ::= <variable> "=" <expression>
<print_statement> ::= "print" "(" <expression> ")"
<expression> ::= <variable> | <integer_literal>
```
接下来,我们可以使用LL(1)分析表进行语法分析:
1. 首先,我们需要构造FIRST集和FOLLOW集。
```
FIRST(<program>) = FIRST(<statement_list>) = {<variable>, <integer_literal>, "print"}
FIRST(<statement>) = FIRST(<assignment_statement>) ∪ FIRST(<print_statement>) = {<variable>, "print"}
FIRST(<assignment_statement>) = FIRST(<variable>) = {<variable>}
FIRST(<print_statement>) = {"print"}
FIRST(<expression>) = FIRST(<variable>) ∪ FIRST(<integer_literal>) = {<variable>, <integer_literal>}
FOLLOW(<program>) = {$}
FOLLOW(<statement_list>) = FOLLOW(<program>) = {$}
FOLLOW(<statement>) = {";", $}
FOLLOW(<assignment_statement>) = {";", $}
FOLLOW(<print_statement>) = {";", $}
FOLLOW(<expression>) = {";", $}
```
2. 接下来,我们需要构造LL(1)分析表。
```
+------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| | <variable> | <integer_literal> | "print" | ";" | $ |
+------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| <program> | <statement_list> | | <statement> | | |
+------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| <statement_list> | <statement> | | <statement> | | |
+------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| <statement> | <assignment_statement>| | <print_statement>| ";" | $ |
+------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| <assignment_statement>| <variable> | | | "=" | |
+------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| <print_statement>| | | "print" | "(" | <expression> |
+------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| <expression> | <variable> | <integer_literal> | | | |
+------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
```
3. 然后,我们可以使用LL(1)分析表进行语法分析。
假设我们有以下代码:
```
a = 1;
print(a);
```
首先,我们将`<program>`推入分析栈中。然后,我们查看分析栈的栈顶元素,并查找LL(1)分析表中该元素以及下一个输入符号的交叉点。在这种情况下,我们查看`<program>`和`a`的交叉点。该交叉点对应的产生式是`<program> ::= <statement_list>`,因此我们将`<statement_list>`推入分析栈中。
接下来,我们查看分析栈的栈顶元素,并查找LL(1)分析表中该元素以及下一个输入符号的交叉点。在这种情况下,我们查看`<statement_list>`和`a`的交叉点。由于`<statement_list>`可以推出`<statement>`,因此我们将`<statement>`推入分析栈中。
然后,我们查看分析栈的栈顶元素,并查找LL(1)分析表中该元素以及下一个输入符号的交叉点。在这种情况下,我们查看`<statement>`和`a`的交叉点。该交叉点对应的产生式是`<assignment_statement> ::= <variable> "=" <expression>`,因此我们将`<assignment_statement>`推入分析栈中。
依此类推,我们可以使用LL(1)分析表进行语法分析。如果分析成功,则该代码是符合文法的。如果分析失败,则该代码不符合文法。
阅读全文