python TypeError: the JSON object must be str, bytes or bytearray, not NoneType

This error occurs when you try to pass a `None` value to a function that expects a JSON object as a string, bytes or bytearray.

To fix this error, you need to make sure that the JSON object you are passing is not `None`. You can do this by checking the value of the object before passing it to the function.

For example, if you are using the `json.loads()` function to load a JSON object from a file, you can check if the file exists and is not empty before passing it to the function:

import json

with open('data.json', 'r') as f:
    data = f.read()
    if data:
        json_data = json.loads(data)
    else:
        # handle empty file

In this example, if the `data` variable is `None`, the `json.loads()` function will raise the `TypeError` exception. However, by checking if `data` is not empty before calling the function, we can avoid this error.