Traceback (most recent call last): File "E:\Duzhuan\anaconda\lib\site-packages\IPython\core\interactiveshell.py", line 3460, in run_code exec(code_obj, self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns) File "<ipython-input-2-c833f4fdcae2>", line 1, in <module> runfile('C:\\Users\\zhangxiao\\Desktop\\Algorithm Integration\\apc_1.py', wdir='C:\\Users\\zhangxiao\\Desktop\\Algorithm Integration') File "E:\Duzhuan\JetBrainsPyCharm 2023.1\PyCharm 2023.1\plugins\python\helpers\pydev\_pydev_bundle\pydev_umd.py", line 198, in runfile pydev_imports.execfile(filename, global_vars, local_vars) # execute the script File "E:\Duzhuan\JetBrainsPyCharm 2023.1\PyCharm 2023.1\plugins\python\helpers\pydev\_pydev_imps\_pydev_execfile.py", line 18, in execfile exec(compile(contents+"\n", file, 'exec'), glob, loc) File "C:\Users\zhangxiao\Desktop\Algorithm Integration\apc_1.py", line 184, in <module> integrated_optimization() File "C:\Users\zhangxiao\Desktop\Algorithm Integration\apc_1.py", line 160, in integrated_optimization global_best_nest = cuckoo_search(objective_function, num_nests, num_generations) NameError: name 'objective_function' is not defined

这个错误是因为在调用`cuckoo_search`函数时，`objective_function`未被定义。请确保您已经定义了目标函数`objective_function`，并将其作为参数传递给`cuckoo_search`函数。以下是一个示例的目标函数，您可以根据实际情况修改或替换它：

# 示例目标函数，这里使用一个简单的二维函数作为示例
def objective_function(x):
    return np.sum(np.square(x))

将此目标函数定义添加到代码中，并确保它在调用`cuckoo_search`函数之前可用。然后再次运行代码，看看是否解决了问题。如果还有其他问题，请随时提问。