红黑树python实现

红黑树是一种自平衡的二叉搜索树，其在实现上相对复杂。下面是一个红黑树的Python实现的示例代码：

# 节点类
class Node:
    def __init__(self, key):
        self.key = key
        self.parent = None
        self.left = None
        self.right = None
        self.color = 1  # 红色为1，黑色为0

# 红黑树类
class RedBlackTree:
    def __init__(self):
        self.nil = Node(None)  # 哨兵节点
        self.nil.color = 0
        self.root = self.nil

    def insert(self, key):
        node = Node(key)
        node.parent = None
        node.left = self.nil
        node.right = self.nil
        node.color = 1

        y = None
        x = self.root

        while x != self.nil:
            y = x
            if node.key < x.key:
                x = x.left
            else:
                x = x.right

        node.parent = y

        if y == None:
            self.root = node
        elif node.key < y.key:
            y.left = node
        else:
            y.right = node

        if node.parent == None:
            node.color = 0
            return

        if node.parent.parent == None:
            return

        self.fix_insert(node)

    def fix_insert(self, node):
        while node.parent.color == 1:
            if node.parent == node.parent.parent.right:
                uncle = node.parent.parent.left
                if uncle.color == 1:
                    uncle.color = 0
                    node.parent.color = 0
                    node.parent.parent.color = 1
                    node = node.parent.parent
                else:
                    if node == node.parent.left:
                        node = node.parent
                        self.right_rotate(node)
                    node.parent.color = 0
                    node.parent.parent.color = 1
                    self.left_rotate(node.parent.parent)
            else:
                uncle = node.parent.parent.right

                if uncle.color == 1:
                    uncle.color = 0
                    node.parent.color = 0
                    node.parent.parent.color = 1
                    node = node.parent.parent
                else:
                    if node == node.parent.right:
                        node = node.parent
                        self.left_rotate(node)
                    node.parent.color = 0
                    node.parent.parent.color = 1
                    self.right_rotate(node.parent.parent)
            if node == self.root:
                break
        self.root.color = 0

    def left_rotate(self, node):
        y = node.right
        node.right = y.left
        if y.left != self.nil:
            y.left.parent = node
        y.parent = node.parent
        if node.parent == None:
            self.root = y

        elif node == node.parent.left:
            node.parent.left = y
        else:
            node.parent.right = y

        y.left = node
        node.parent = y

    def right_rotate(self, node):
        y = node.left
        node.left = y.right
        if y.right != self.nil:
            y.right.parent = node
        y.parent = node.parent
        if node.parent == None:
            self.root = y
        elif node == node.parent.right:
            node.parent.right = y
        else:
            node.parent.left = y
        y.right = node
        node.parent = y

# 创建红黑树对象
rbt = RedBlackTree()

# 插入节点
rbt.insert(10)
rbt.insert(20)
rbt.insert(30)
rbt.insert(40)
rbt.insert(50)

# 相关问题: