红黑树的python代码实现

以下是红黑树 Python 代码实现示例：

class Node:
    def __init__(self, key):
        self.key = key
        self.parent = None
        self.left_child = None
        self.right_child = None
        self.color = 1  # red = 1, black = 0


class RedBlackTree:
    def __init__(self):
        self.nil = Node(None)
        self.nil.color = 0  # set nil to black node
        self.root = self.nil

    def left_rotate(self, x):
        y = x.right_child
        x.right_child = y.left_child
        if y.left_child != self.nil:
            y.left_child.parent = x
        y.parent = x.parent
        if x.parent == self.nil:
            self.root = y
        elif x == x.parent.left_child:
            x.parent.left_child = y
        else:
            x.parent.right_child = y
        y.left_child = x
        x.parent = y

    def right_rotate(self, x):
        y = x.left_child
        x.left_child = y.right_child
        if y.right_child != self.nil:
            y.right_child.parent = x
        y.parent = x.parent
        if x.parent == self.nil:
            self.root = y
        elif x == x.parent.right_child:
            x.parent.right_child = y
        else:
            x.parent.left_child = y
        y.right_child = x
        x.parent = y

    def insert(self, key):
        z = Node(key)
        z.parent = self.nil
        z.left_child = self.nil
        z.right_child = self.nil
        z.color = 1
        y = self.nil
        x = self.root
        while x != self.nil:
            y = x
            if z.key < x.key:
                x = x.left_child
            else:
                x = x.right_child
        z.parent = y
        if y == self.nil:
            self.root = z
        elif z.key < y.key:
            y.left_child = z
        else:
            y.right_child = z

        self.insert_fixup(z)

    def insert_fixup(self, z):
        while z.parent.color == 1:
            if z.parent == z.parent.parent.left_child:
                y = z.parent.parent.right_child
                if y.color == 1:
                    z.parent.color = 0
                    y.color = 0
                    z.parent.parent.color = 1
                    z = z.parent.parent
                else:
                    if z == z.parent.right_child:
                        z = z.parent
                        self.left_rotate(z)
                    z.parent.color = 0
                    z.parent.parent.color = 1
                    self.right_rotate(z.parent.parent)
            else:
                y = z.parent.parent.left_child
                if y.color == 1:
                    z.parent.color = 0
                    y.color = 0
                    z.parent.parent.color = 1
                    z = z.parent.parent
                else:
                    if z == z.parent.left_child:
                        z = z.parent
                        self.right_rotate(z)
                    z.parent.color = 0
                    z.parent.parent.color = 1
                    self.left_rotate(z.parent.parent)
        self.root.color = 0

    def search(self, key):
        current = self.root
        while current != self.nil and key != current.key:
            if key < current.key:
                current = current.left_child
            else:
                current = current.right_child
        if current == self.nil:
            return None
        else:
            return current.key

    def inorder_traversal(self, node):
        if node == self.nil:
            return
        self.inorder_traversal(node.left_child)
        print(node.key, end=" ")
        self.inorder_traversal(node.right_child)

请注意，这只是一种红黑树的实现方法示例，可能并不完全符合所有情况。它具有插入，搜索和中序（左，根，右）遍历功能。