用c语言实现一个通用线性反馈移位寄存器，要求构造反馈函数输出一个反馈函数，输入一个初始状态输出输出序列

在C语言中，创建一个通用的线性反馈移位寄存器（LFSR）可以采用模板方法，让使用者提供反馈函数和初始状态。下面是一个基本的框架示例：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h> // 引入内存分配函数

typedef struct {
    size_t length; // 寄存器长度
    unsigned int *state; // 寄存器状态数组
} GenericLSR;

// 创建LFSR结构实例
GenericLSR *create_lfsr(size_t length, const unsigned int *initial_state) {
    GenericLSR *lfsr = malloc(sizeof(GenericLSR));
    if (!lfsr) {
        printf("Memory allocation failed.\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    lfsr->length = length;
    lfsr->state = malloc(length * sizeof(unsigned int));
    if (!lfsr->state) {
        free(lfsr);
        printf("Memory allocation for state array failed.\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    memcpy(lfsr->state, initial_state, length * sizeof(unsigned int));
    return lfsr;
}

// 更新LFSR状态
void update_lfsr(GenericLSR *lfsr, uint32_t feedback_function) {
    for (size_t i = lfsr->length - 1; i > 0; --i) {
        lfsr->state[i] = lfsr->state[i - 1];
        lfsr->state[0] = (lfsr->state[0] ^ lfsr->state[i]) & feedback_function;
    }
}

// 打印LFSR状态序列
void print_sequence(GenericLSR *lfsr) {
    for (size_t i = 0; i < lfsr->length; ++i) {
        printf("%u ", lfsr->state[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    if (argc != 4) {
        printf("Usage: %s <length> <initial_state> <feedback_function>\n", argv[0]);
        return 1;
    }

    size_t length = atoi(argv[1]);
    const unsigned int *initial_state = (const unsigned int*)argv[2];
    uint32_t feedback_function = atoi(argv[3]);

    GenericLSR *lfsr = create_lfsr(length, initial_state);
    update_lfsr(lfsr, feedback_function);

    print_sequence(lfsr);
    free(lfsr->state);
    free(lfsr);
    return 0;
}

用户可以通过命令行参数传递寄存器长度、初始状态数组和反馈函数（二进制表示），程序会生成并打印出相应的序列。