Please polish the following paragraphs into academic language:研究表明,革兰阴性菌、革兰阳性菌以及真菌等均可以引发中性粒细胞产生 NETs。脓毒症时,在多种刺激物的作用下中性粒细胞活化,通过还原型辅酶Ⅱ(NADPH)氧化酶途径产生大量活性氧簇(ROS),进而启动 NETosis。ARDS时 NETs 对于机体来说是一把“双刃剑” ,McDonald 等[ 38]通过盲肠结扎穿孔术(CLP)致脓毒症小鼠模型研究发现,脓毒症时血管内 NETs 可以明显提高机体捕获血液中大肠杆菌的能力,抑制细菌的扩散;用DNA 酶抑制脓毒症小鼠体内 NETs 的产生后,血液中细菌的清除率明显降低[ 38-39],且用 DNA 酶处理的脓毒症小鼠比未用 DNA 酶处理的脓毒症小鼠生存率明显降低[ 39]。但另一方面, NETs 形成后中性粒细胞内大量的组蛋白及肝素释放入血,进一步增强了血小板的活化,使血小板的黏附、聚集及释放功能增强,导致血液处于高凝状态,促进了脓毒症时微循环内血栓的形成,进而影响重要器官血液供应,从而导致器官功能衰竭[ 45]。
时间: 2023-03-10 18:57:18 浏览: 137
研究显示,革兰阴性菌、革兰阳性菌以及真菌等可引发中性粒细胞产生NETs。脓毒症时,在多种刺激物的作用下,中性粒细胞会活化,并通过还原型辅酶Ⅱ(NADPH)氧化酶途径产生大量活性氧簇(ROS),从而引发NETosis。McDonald 等研究发现,脓毒症时血管内的NETs能够显著提高机体捕获血液中大肠杆菌的能力,抑制细菌的扩散。但另一方面,NETs形成后中性粒细胞内大量组蛋白及肝素会释放入血,进一步增强血小板的活化,导致血液处于高凝状态,从而促进脓毒症时微循环内血栓的形成,影响器官血液供应,导致器官功能衰竭。
相关问题
Please polish the following paragraphs into academic language:Improving the high-temperature mechanical properties of low-activation steels is a frontier topic in nuclear fusion reactor cladding materials. The preparation of ODS low-activation steel by powder metallurgy method is not only complicated, but also has poor processing performance, which makes it difficult to be used in large scale. The high-temperature creep properties and irradiation resistance of CNAs low-activation steels reinforced with nano-MX phase do not reach the level of ODS low-activation steels. It is difficult to effectively control the thermodynamics and kinetics of oxide formation in ODS low-activation steels prepared by melt-casting process, and their tissue uniformity and mechanical properties need to be improved. We propose a new idea of additive manufacturing ODS low-activation steel, using the oxygen atmosphere in the printing process to control the thermodynamic and kinetic processes of oxide formation, so that the active element Ti is oxidized in situ in the matrix to form diffuse titanium oxide with a size of about 10-30 nm, which greatly improves the high-temperature mechanical properties of additive manufacturing low-activation steel, and the 600°C tensile strength is increased from 470 MPa to 660 MPa, which provides a new idea for the integrated preparation of complex components of ODS low-activation steel.
提高低活化钢的高温力学性能是核聚变反应堆包壳材料的前沿课题。通过粉末冶金法制备ODS低活化钢不仅复杂,加工性能也较差,难以大规模应用。加强了nano-MX相的CNAs低活化钢的高温蠕变性能和放射线抗性尚未达到ODS低活化钢的水平。在熔炼铸造工艺中,难以有效控制ODS低活化钢氧化物形成的热力学和动力学过程,其组织均匀性和力学性能需要改善。本文提出了一种新的ODS低活化钢增材制造的思路,利用印刷过程中的氧气环境控制氧化物形成的热力学和动力学过程,使活性元素Ti在基体内原位氧化,形成约10-30nm大小的扩散性钛氧化物,大大提高了增材制造低活化钢的高温力学性能,使600°C的拉伸强度从470 MPa增加到660 MPa,为ODS低活化钢复杂部件的集成制备提供了新思路。
help me polish the sentence: In the next section, we introduce our proposed method to learn the estimation policy
Sure, I can help you with that! How about this revised sentence: "In the following section, we present our proposed approach for acquiring the estimation policy."
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