Qt串口接收发送图片完整项目代码

以下是一个完整的 Qt 项目代码，用于通过串口接收和发送图片。该项目包含一个 GUI 界面，可以选择串口号、波特率等参数，并且可以通过按钮进行图片的传输。你可以将以下代码保存为一个 .pro 文件，然后使用 Qt Creator 等工具进行编译和运行。

QT += core gui serialport

CONFIG += c++11

TARGET = SerialImageTransfer
TEMPLATE = app

SOURCES += main.cpp \
    mainwindow.cpp

HEADERS += mainwindow.h

FORMS += mainwindow.ui

mainwindow.h 文件：

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H

#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QSerialPort>
#include <QSerialPortInfo>

QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE

class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~MainWindow();

private slots:
    void on_selectButton_clicked();
    void on_sendButton_clicked();
    void on_receiveButton_clicked();

private:
    Ui::MainWindow *ui;
    QSerialPort *serial;
    QByteArray imageData;
    bool isReceiving;

    void updatePortList();
};

#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

mainwindow.cpp 文件：

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <QFileDialog>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QDataStream>
#include <QImage>
#include <QDebug>

MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    serial = new QSerialPort(this);
    isReceiving = false;
    updatePortList();
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    delete ui;
    delete serial;
}

void MainWindow::updatePortList()
{
    ui->portComboBox->clear();
    QList<QSerialPortInfo> portList = QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts();
    for (const QSerialPortInfo &portInfo : portList) {
        ui->portComboBox->addItem(portInfo.portName());
    }
}

void MainWindow::on_selectButton_clicked()
{
    if (serial->isOpen()) {
        serial->close();
        ui->selectButton->setText(tr("Connect"));
    } else {
        QString portName = ui->portComboBox->currentText();
        if (portName.isEmpty()) {
            QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Warning"), tr("Please select a serial port"));
            return;
        }
        serial->setPortName(portName);
        if (!serial->open(QIODevice::ReadWrite)) {
            QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Warning"), tr("Failed to open serial port"));
            return;
        }
        serial->setBaudRate(ui->baudrateComboBox->currentText().toInt());
        serial->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data8);
        serial->setParity(QSerialPort::NoParity);
        serial->setStopBits(QSerialPort::OneStop);
        serial->setFlowControl(QSerialPort::NoFlowControl);
        ui->selectButton->setText(tr("Disconnect"));
    }
}

void MainWindow::on_sendButton_clicked()
{
    QString fileName = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this, tr("Open Image"), ".", tr("Image Files (*.png *.jpg *.bmp)"));
    if (fileName.isEmpty()) {
        return;
    }
    QImage image(fileName);
    if (image.isNull()) {
        QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Warning"), tr("Failed to load image"));
        return;
    }
    QByteArray imageData;
    QDataStream stream(&imageData, QIODevice::ReadWrite);
    stream << image;
    if (serial->write(imageData) == -1) {
        QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Warning"), tr("Failed to send image"));
        return;
    }
    QMessageBox::information(this, tr("Information"), tr("Image sent successfully"));
}

void MainWindow::on_receiveButton_clicked()
{
    if (!isReceiving) {
        imageData.clear();
        isReceiving = true;
        ui->receiveButton->setText(tr("Stop"));
    } else {
        isReceiving = false;
        ui->receiveButton->setText(tr("Receive"));
        QImage image;
        if (image.loadFromData(imageData)) {
            ui->imageLabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(image));
        } else {
            QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Warning"), tr("Failed to load image"));
        }
    }
}

void MainWindow::serialReceived()
{
    while (serial->bytesAvailable() > 0) {
        QByteArray data = serial->readAll();
        imageData.append(data);
    }
}

mainwindow.ui 文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ui version="4.0">
 <class>MainWindow</class>
 <widget class="QMainWindow" name="MainWindow">
  <property name="geometry">
   <rect>
    <x>0</x>
    <y>0</y>
    <width>400</width>
    <height>300</height>
   </rect>
  </property>
  <property name="windowTitle">
   <string>Serial Image Transfer</string>
  </property>
  <widget class="QWidget" name="centralwidget">
   <widget class="QLabel" name="imageLabel">
    <property name="geometry">
     <rect>
      <x>10</x>
      <y>10</y>
      <width>380</width>
      <height>220</height>
     </rect>
    </property>
    <property name="frameShape">
     <enum>QFrame::StyledPanel</enum>
    </property>
    <property name="text">
     <string/>
    </property>
    <property name="scaledContents">
     <bool>true</bool>
    </property>
   </widget>
   <widget class="QGroupBox" name="portGroupBox">
    <property name="geometry">
     <rect>
      <x>10</x>
      <y>240</y>
      <width>150</width>
      <height>50</height>
     </rect>
    </property>
    <property name="title">
     <string>Serial Port Settings</string>
    </property>
    <widget class="QComboBox" name="portComboBox">
     <property name="geometry">
      <rect>
       <x>10</x>
       <y>20</y>
       <width>80</width>
       <height>22</height>
      </rect>
     </property>
    </widget>
    <widget class="QComboBox" name="baudrateComboBox">
     <property name="geometry">
      <rect>
       <x>100</x>
       <y>20</y>
       <width>40</width>
       <height>22</height>
      </rect>
     </property>
     <item>
      <property name="text">
       <string>9600</string>
      </property>
     </item>
     <item>
      <property name="text">
       <string>19200</string>
      </property>
     </item>
     <item>
      <property name="text">
       <string>38400</string>
      </property>
     </item>
     <item>
      <property name="text">
       <string>57600</string>
      </property>
     </item>
     <item>
      <property name="text">
       <string>115200</string>
      </property>
     </item>
    </widget>
    <widget class="QPushButton" name="selectButton">
     <property name="geometry">
      <rect>
       <x>10</x>
       <y>40</y>
       <width>80</width>
       <height>22</height>
      </rect>
     </property>
     <property name="text">
      <string>Connect</string>
     </property>
    </widget>
   </widget>
   <widget class="QGroupBox" name="imageGroupBox">
    <property name="geometry">
     <rect>
      <x>170</x>
      <y>240</y>
      <width>150</width>
      <height>50</height>
     </rect>
    </property>
    <property name="title">
     <string>Image</string>
    </property>
    <widget class="QPushButton" name="sendButton">
     <property name="geometry">
      <rect>
       <x>10</x>
       <y>20</y>
       <width>60</width>
       <height>22</height>
      </rect>
     </property>
     <property name="text">
      <string>Send</string>
     </property>
    </widget>
    <widget class="QPushButton" name="receiveButton">
     <property name="geometry">
      <rect>
       <x>80</x>
       <y>20</y>
       <width>60</width>
       <height>22</height>
      </rect>
     </property>
     <property name="text">
      <string>Receive</string>
     </property>
    </widget>
   </widget>
  </widget>
  <widget class="QMenuBar" name="menubar">
   <property name="geometry">
    <rect>
     <x>0</x>
     <y>0</y>
     <width>400</width>
     <height>21</height>
    </rect>
   </property>
  </widget>
  <widget class="QStatusBar" name="statusbar"/>
 </widget>
 <resources/>
 <connections/>
</ui>

请注意，以上代码只是一个简单的示例，实际应用中需要根据具体需求进行修改和完善。同时，由于该项目涉及到 GUI 界面和串口通信等多个方面，因此需要一定的 Qt 编程经验才能理解和修改。