请帮我写一篇代码,要求是:创建一个结构体为Node,具有value,next 两个属性value为整型,用来储存结构体数值; next为Node类型指针,用来指向下一组数据地址: 0 第1组数据value = 5: 第2组数据value = 10:第3组数据value = 127第4组数据value = 36; 将4组数据遍历,输出对应值。
时间: 2023-03-26 13:03:40 浏览: 63
好的,以下是代码:
#include <stdio.h>
struct Node {
int value;
struct Node* next;
};
int main() {
struct Node node1 = {5, NULL};
struct Node node2 = {10, NULL};
struct Node node3 = {127, NULL};
struct Node node4 = {36, NULL};
node1.next = &node2;
node2.next = &node3;
node3.next = &node4;
struct Node* current = &node1;
while (current != NULL) {
printf("%d ", current->value);
current = current->next;
}
return ;
}
输出结果为:5 10 127 36
相关问题
用c++写一个class 功能,创建链表,添加链表节点,删除第N个节点,请用智能指针。
### 回答1:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>struct Node {
int data;
struct Node *next;
};class LinkedList {
private:
Node *head;
public:
LinkedList();
void addNode(int data);
void deleteNode(int N);
void printList();
};LinkedList::LinkedList() {
head = NULL;
}void LinkedList::addNode(int data) {
// Create a new node
Node *newNode = new Node;
newNode->data = data;
newNode->next = NULL;
// If the list is empty
if (head == NULL) {
head = newNode;
}
else {
// Traverse to the end of the list
Node *curr = head;
while (curr->next != NULL) {
curr = curr->next;
}
// Add the new node at the end
curr->next = newNode;
}
}void LinkedList::deleteNode(int N) {
// Check if the list is empty
if (head == NULL) {
return;
}
// Node to delete
Node *nodeToDelete = NULL;
// If the node to delete is the first node
if (N == 0) {
nodeToDelete = head;
head = head->next;
}
else {
// Traverse to the (N-1)th node
Node *curr = head;
int count = 0;
while (curr != NULL && count < N-1) {
curr = curr->next;
count++;
}
// If N is greater than the number of nodes
if (curr == NULL || curr->next == NULL) {
return;
}
// Node to delete is the (N)th node
nodeToDelete = curr->next;
// Point the (N-1)th node to the (N+1)th node
curr->next = curr->next->next;
}
// Delete the node
free(nodeToDelete);
}void LinkedList::printList() {
Node *curr = head;
while (curr != NULL) {
printf("%d -> ", curr->data);
curr = curr->next;
}
printf("NULL");
printf("\n");
}int main() {
LinkedList list; list.addNode(1);
list.addNode(2);
list.addNode(3);
list.addNode(4);
list.addNode(5); list.printList(); list.deleteNode(3); list.printList(); return 0;
}
### 回答2:
在C语言中,我们可以使用结构体和指针来模拟链表的数据结构和操作。而C++语言提供了智能指针(Smart Pointer)的功能,可以更方便地管理动态内存。下面是使用C++编写的一个Class,实现创建链表、添加链表节点和删除第N个节点的功能,同时使用智能指针进行动态内存的管理。
```cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
class Node {
public:
int data;
std::shared_ptr<Node> next;
Node(int value) : data(value), next(nullptr) {}
};
class LinkedList {
private:
std::shared_ptr<Node> head;
public:
LinkedList() : head(nullptr) {}
// 添加节点
void addNode(int value) {
std::shared_ptr<Node> newNode = std::make_shared<Node>(value);
if (head == nullptr) {
head = newNode;
} else {
std::shared_ptr<Node> temp = head;
while (temp->next != nullptr) {
temp = temp->next;
}
temp->next = newNode;
}
}
// 删除第N个节点
void deleteNode(int position) {
if (head == nullptr) {
std::cout << "链表为空,无法删除节点" << std::endl;
return;
}
if (position == 0) {
head = head->next;
return;
}
std::shared_ptr<Node> temp = head;
int count = 0;
while (count < position - 1 && temp->next != nullptr) {
temp = temp->next;
count++;
}
if (temp == nullptr || temp->next == nullptr) {
std::cout << "位置超出链表长度,无法删除节点" << std::endl;
return;
}
std::shared_ptr<Node> deletedNode = temp->next;
temp->next = deletedNode->next;
deletedNode->next = nullptr;
}
};
int main() {
LinkedList linkedList;
linkedList.addNode(1);
linkedList.addNode(2);
linkedList.addNode(3);
linkedList.addNode(4);
linkedList.addNode(5);
linkedList.deleteNode(2); // 删除第2个节点
return 0;
}
```
上述代码中,首先定义了一个`Node`类,表示链表的节点。节点包括一个整型数据以及指向下一个节点的智能指针`next`。然后定义了`LinkedList`类,该类具有一个头指针`head`,指向链表的头节点。
`LinkedList`类中实现了两个方法:`addNode`用于在链表末尾添加节点,`deleteNode`用于删除第N个节点。在`addNode`方法中,根据头指针是否为空来判断链表是否为空,如果为空则将新节点设为头节点,否则遍历链表找到末尾,并将新节点添加到末尾。在`deleteNode`方法中,先判断链表是否为空,然后根据位置参数遍历链表,找到需要删除的节点,并将其从链表中移除。
在`main`函数中,示例创建了一个链表,并调用了`deleteNode`方法删除第2个节点。
使用智能指针可以避免手动释放内存的问题,提高了程序的健壮性和安全性。
### 回答3:
在C++中,可以使用智能指针来管理动态分配的内存,避免内存泄漏等问题。下面是一个用C++编写的链表类,能够创建链表、添加链表节点和删除第N个节点,并使用智能指针来管理节点内存的例子。
```cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
// 节点类
class Node {
public:
int data; // 数据
std::shared_ptr<Node> next; // 指向下一个节点的智能指针
// 构造函数
Node(int data) : data(data), next(nullptr) {}
};
// 链表类
class LinkedList {
public:
std::shared_ptr<Node> head; // 头节点
// 构造函数
LinkedList() : head(nullptr) {}
// 添加节点
void addNode(int data) {
std::shared_ptr<Node> newNode = std::make_shared<Node>(data);
if (head == nullptr) {
head = newNode;
}
else {
std::shared_ptr<Node> current = head;
while (current->next != nullptr) {
current = current->next;
}
current->next = newNode;
}
}
// 删除第N个节点
void deleteNode(int n) {
if (head == nullptr) {
std::cout << "链表为空,无法删除节点" << std::endl;
return;
}
if (n <= 0) {
std::cout << "无效索引,无法删除节点" << std::endl;
return;
}
if (n == 1) {
head = head->next;
return;
}
std::shared_ptr<Node> current = head;
for (int i = 1; i < n - 1; ++i) {
if (current->next == nullptr) {
std::cout << "索引超出链表长度,无法删除节点" << std::endl;
return;
}
current = current->next;
}
std::shared_ptr<Node> temp = current->next;
if (temp == nullptr) {
std::cout << "索引超出链表长度,无法删除节点" << std::endl;
return;
}
current->next = temp->next;
}
};
int main() {
LinkedList myList;
myList.addNode(1);
myList.addNode(2);
myList.addNode(3);
myList.addNode(4);
myList.addNode(5);
std::cout << "初始链表: ";
std::shared_ptr<Node> current = myList.head;
while (current != nullptr) {
std::cout << current->data << " ";
current = current->next;
}
std::cout << std::endl;
// 删除第3个节点
myList.deleteNode(3);
std::cout << "删除第3个节点后的链表: ";
current = myList.head;
while (current != nullptr) {
std::cout << current->data << " ";
current = current->next;
}
std::cout << std::endl;
return 0;
}
```
以上代码中,我们使用了`std::shared_ptr`来创建智能指针,它会在不再需要该指针时自动释放它所指向的内存。
请为我详细讲解c语言中的链表,要求结合代码,包括链表的增删改查
好的,下面是C语言中链表的详细讲解和代码示例。
链表是一种常见的数据结构,它使用指针将一组节点连接在一起,每个节点包含一个数据元素和一个指向下一节点的指针。链表的优点是可以动态地添加或删除元素,而无需移动其他元素。
我们先定义一个链表节点的结构体,包含一个整型数据元素和一个指向下一节点的指针。
```c
struct ListNode {
int val;
struct ListNode *next;
};
```
接下来,我们可以定义一些常见的链表操作函数,如下:
1. 创建一个新节点
```c
struct ListNode *createNode(int val) {
struct ListNode *newNode = (struct ListNode*)malloc(sizeof(struct ListNode));
newNode->val = val;
newNode->next = NULL;
return newNode;
}
```
2. 在链表尾部插入一个节点
```c
void insertAtTail(struct ListNode **head, int val) {
struct ListNode *newNode = createNode(val);
if (*head == NULL) {
*head = newNode;
return;
}
struct ListNode *tail = *head;
while (tail->next != NULL) {
tail = tail->next;
}
tail->next = newNode;
}
```
3. 在链表头部插入一个节点
```c
void insertAtHead(struct ListNode **head, int val) {
struct ListNode *newNode = createNode(val);
if (*head == NULL) {
*head = newNode;
return;
}
newNode->next = *head;
*head = newNode;
}
```
4. 在指定位置插入一个节点
```c
void insertAtIndex(struct ListNode **head, int val, int index) {
if (index < 0) {
return;
}
if (index == 0) {
insertAtHead(head, val);
return;
}
struct ListNode *newNode = createNode(val);
struct ListNode *prev = *head;
for (int i = 0; i < index - 1 && prev != NULL; i++) {
prev = prev->next;
}
if (prev == NULL) {
return;
}
newNode->next = prev->next;
prev->next = newNode;
}
```
5. 删除链表中的一个节点
```c
void deleteNode(struct ListNode **head, int val) {
if (*head == NULL) {
return;
}
if ((*head)->val == val) {
struct ListNode *temp = *head;
*head = (*head)->next;
free(temp);
return;
}
struct ListNode *prev = *head;
while (prev->next != NULL && prev->next->val != val) {
prev = prev->next;
}
if (prev->next == NULL) {
return;
}
struct ListNode *temp = prev->next;
prev->next = temp->next;
free(temp);
}
```
6. 查找链表中的一个节点
```c
struct ListNode *searchNode(struct ListNode *head, int val) {
while (head != NULL) {
if (head->val == val) {
return head;
}
head = head->next;
}
return NULL;
}
```
下面是一个完整的示例程序,演示了如何使用上述函数创建、插入、删除和查找链表节点。
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
struct ListNode {
int val;
struct ListNode *next;
};
struct ListNode *createNode(int val) {
struct ListNode *newNode = (struct ListNode*)malloc(sizeof(struct ListNode));
newNode->val = val;
newNode->next = NULL;
return newNode;
}
void insertAtTail(struct ListNode **head, int val) {
struct ListNode *newNode = createNode(val);
if (*head == NULL) {
*head = newNode;
return;
}
struct ListNode *tail = *head;
while (tail->next != NULL) {
tail = tail->next;
}
tail->next = newNode;
}
void insertAtHead(struct ListNode **head, int val) {
struct ListNode *newNode = createNode(val);
if (*head == NULL) {
*head = newNode;
return;
}
newNode->next = *head;
*head = newNode;
}
void insertAtIndex(struct ListNode **head, int val, int index) {
if (index < 0) {
return;
}
if (index == 0) {
insertAtHead(head, val);
return;
}
struct ListNode *newNode = createNode(val);
struct ListNode *prev = *head;
for (int i = 0; i < index - 1 && prev != NULL; i++) {
prev = prev->next;
}
if (prev == NULL) {
return;
}
newNode->next = prev->next;
prev->next = newNode;
}
void deleteNode(struct ListNode **head, int val) {
if (*head == NULL) {
return;
}
if ((*head)->val == val) {
struct ListNode *temp = *head;
*head = (*head)->next;
free(temp);
return;
}
struct ListNode *prev = *head;
while (prev->next != NULL && prev->next->val != val) {
prev = prev->next;
}
if (prev->next == NULL) {
return;
}
struct ListNode *temp = prev->next;
prev->next = temp->next;
free(temp);
}
struct ListNode *searchNode(struct ListNode *head, int val) {
while (head != NULL) {
if (head->val == val) {
return head;
}
head = head->next;
}
return NULL;
}
void printList(struct ListNode *head) {
while (head != NULL) {
printf("%d ", head->val);
head = head->next;
}
printf("\n");
}
int main() {
struct ListNode *head = NULL;
insertAtTail(&head, 1);
insertAtTail(&head, 2);
insertAtTail(&head, 3);
insertAtHead(&head, 0);
insertAtIndex(&head, 4, 4);
printList(head);
deleteNode(&head, 3);
printList(head);
struct ListNode *node = searchNode(head, 2);
if (node != NULL) {
printf("Found node with value %d\n", node->val);
} else {
printf("Node not found\n");
}
return 0;
}
```
希望这篇文章对你有所帮助!
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