python 模拟退火模板代码

以下是一个Python模拟退火模板代码：

import random
import math

def simulated_annealing(initial_state, initial_temperature, cooling_rate):
    current_state = initial_state
    current_energy = get_energy(current_state)

    temperature = initial_temperature

    while temperature > 1:
        new_state = get_new_state(current_state)
        new_energy = get_energy(new_state)

        delta_energy = new_energy - current_energy

        if delta_energy < 0:
            current_state = new_state
            current_energy = new_energy
        elif random.uniform(0, 1) < math.exp(-delta_energy / temperature):
            current_state = new_state
            current_energy = new_energy

        temperature *= cooling_rate

    return current_state

def get_energy(state):
    # 计算当前状态的能量值
    # ...省略

def get_new_state(current_state):
    # 产生新的状态
    # ...省略

# 示例
initial_state = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
initial_temperature = 100
cooling_rate = 0.99
result_state = simulated_annealing(initial_state, initial_temperature, cooling_rate)
print(result_state)

这是一个基本的模拟退火算法实现。在实现过程中，我们需要定义初始状态（initial_state）和初始温度（initial_temperature），以及每一次迭代降温所采用的降温率（cooling_rate）。get_energy()函数用于计算当前状态的能量值，get_new_state()函数用于产生新的状态。运行simulated_annealing()函数即可得到最优解。