matplotlib怎么嵌入pyt5
时间: 2024-03-21 08:36:11 浏览: 135
Matplotlib是一个用于绘制数据可视化图形的Python,而PyQt5是一个用于创建GUI应用程序的Python库。要在PyQt5中嵌入Matplotlib,可以使用Matplotlib的FigureCanvasQTAgg类。
以下是将Matplotlib嵌入PyQt5的基本步骤:
1. 导入所需的库:
```python
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QVBoxLayout, QWidget
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
```
2. 创建一个继承自QMainWindow的主窗口类:
```python
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.setWindowTitle("Matplotlib in PyQt5")
self.setGeometry(100, 100, 800, 600)
```
3. 创建一个继承自FigureCanvas的Matplotlib画布类:
```python
class MatplotlibCanvas(FigureCanvas):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
self.fig = Figure()
super().__init__(self.fig)
```
4. 在主窗口类中添加Matplotlib画布:
```python
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.setWindowTitle("Matplotlib in PyQt5")
self.setGeometry(100, 100, 800, 600)
self.canvas = MatplotlibCanvas(self)
layout = QVBoxLayout()
layout.addWidget(self.canvas)
widget = QWidget()
widget.setLayout(layout)
self.setCentralWidget(widget)
```
5. 在主窗口类中添加绘图函数,并在Matplotlib画布中调用该函数进行绘图:
```python
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.setWindowTitle("Matplotlib in PyQt5")
self.setGeometry(100, 100, 800, 600)
self.canvas = MatplotlibCanvas(self)
layout = QVBoxLayout()
layout.addWidget(self.canvas)
widget = QWidget()
widget.setLayout(layout)
self.setCentralWidget(widget)
self.plot_data()
def plot_data(self):
ax = self.canvas.fig.add_subplot(111)
ax.plot([1, 2, 3, 4], [1, 4, 9, 16])
self.canvas.draw()
```
6. 创建应用程序并运行:
```python
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = MainWindow()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
```
这样,就可以在PyQt5应用程序中嵌入Matplotlib绘图了。
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