如何在Java中实现复数的基本运算（加减乘除）并编写相关实验代码？

在Java中，我们可以创建一个名为ComplexNumber的类来表示复数，并提供基本的加、减、乘、除操作。以下是一个简单的实现：

public class ComplexNumber {
    private double real;
    private double imaginary;

    public ComplexNumber(double real, double imaginary) {
        this.real = real;
        this.imaginary = imaginary;
    }

    // Getter and Setter methods
    public double getReal() { return real; }
    public void setReal(double real) { this.real = real; }
    public double getImaginary() { return imaginary; }
    public void setImaginary(double imaginary) { this.imaginary = imaginary; }

    // Addition of two complex numbers
    public ComplexNumber add(ComplexNumber other) {
        double newReal = this.real + other.getReal();
        double newImaginary = this.imaginary + other.getImaginary();
        return new ComplexNumber(newReal, newImaginary);
    }

    // Subtraction
    public ComplexNumber subtract(ComplexNumber other) {
        double newReal = this.real - other.getReal();
        double newImaginary = this.imaginary - other.getImaginary();
        return new ComplexNumber(newReal, newImaginary);
    }

    // Multiplication
    public ComplexNumber multiply(ComplexNumber other) {
        double realPart = (this.real * other.getReal()) - (this.imaginary * other.getImaginary());
        double imagPart = (this.real * other.getImaginary()) + (this.imaginary * other.getReal());
        return new ComplexNumber(realPart, imagPart);
    }

    // Division
    public ComplexNumber divide(ComplexNumber other) {
        double denominator = other.getReal() * other.getReal() + other.getImaginary() * other.getImaginary();
        double realPart = ((this.real * other.getReal()) + (this.imaginary * other.getImaginary())) / denominator;
        double imagPart = ((this.imaginary * other.getReal()) - (this.real * other.getImaginary())) / denominator;
        return new ComplexNumber(realPart, imagPart);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Complex{" +
                "real=" + real +
                ", imaginary=" + imaginary +
                '}';
    }
}

// 使用示例
public static void main(String[] args) {
    ComplexNumber c1 = new ComplexNumber(2, 3);
    ComplexNumber c2 = new ComplexNumber(4, -5);

    System.out.println("c1: " + c1);
    System.out.println("c2: " + c2);

    ComplexNumber sum = c1.add(c2);
    System.out.println("Sum: " + sum);

    ComplexNumber difference = c1.subtract(c2);
    System.out.println("Difference: " + difference);

    ComplexNumber product = c1.multiply(c2);
    System.out.println("Product: " + product);

    ComplexNumber quotient = c1.divide(c2);
    if (quotient.getDenominator() != 0) {
        System.out.println("Quotient: " + quotient);
    } else {
        System.out.println("Division by zero is not allowed.");
    }
}

在这个例子中，我们首先定义了一个ComplexNumber类，包含了复数的实部和虚部，以及对应的操作方法。然后在main函数中展示了如何创建复数对象，并进行基本运算。