HAL can协议
时间: 2025-01-02 19:28:21 浏览: 9
### STM32F407 HAL库 CAN总线通信教程
#### 初始化CAN外设配置
为了初始化CAN模块,在`MX_CAN_Init()`函数中设置参数,包括波特率、接受滤波器等。通过调用`HAL_CAN_ConfigFilter(&hcan, &sFilterConfig)`可以配置过滤器以决定哪些消息应该被处理[^1]。
```c
static void MX_CAN_Init(void)
{
hcan.Instance = CAN1;
hcan.Init.Prescaler = 9;
hcan.Init.Mode = CAN_MODE_NORMAL;
hcan.Init.SyncJumpWidth = CAN_SJW_1TQ;
hcan.Init.TimeSeg1 = CAN_BS1_13TQ;
hcan.Init.TimeSeg2 = CAN_BS2_2TQ;
hcan.Init.TimeTriggeredMode = DISABLE;
hcan.Init.AutoBusOff = DISABLE;
hcan.Init.AutoWakeUp = DISABLE;
hcan.Init.AutoRetransmission = ENABLE;
hcan.Init.ReceiveFifoLocked = DISABLE;
hcan.Init.TransmitFifoPriority = DISABLE;
if (HAL_CAN_Init(&hcan) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
```
#### 配置CAN接收中断
对于实时应用来说,采用中断方式接收数据更为合适。下面展示了如何注册回调函数用于响应接收到的新帧:
```c
void HAL_CAN_RxFifo0MsgPendingCallback(CAN_HandleTypeDef *CanHandle)
{
/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
UNUSED(CanHandle);
if (__HAL_CAN_GET_FLAG(&hcan, CAN_FLAG_RX_FIFO0_MSG_PENDING))
{
CanRxHeader.StdId = RxMessage.StdId;
CanRxHeader.ExtId = RxMessage.ExtId;
CanRxHeader.IDE = RxMessage.IDE;
CanRxHeader.RTR = RxMessage.RTR;
CanRxHeader.DLC = RxMessage.DLC;
memcpy(RxData,RxMessage.Data,sizeof(RxMessage.Data));
__HAL_CAN_CLEAR_FLAG(&hcan,CAN_FLAG_RX_FIFO0_MSG_PENDING);
}
}
```
#### 发送CAN报文实例
当准备好了要传输的数据之后就可以调用`HAL_CAN_AddTxMessage()`方法来进行发送操作了。这里需要注意的是需要指定目标ID以及数据长度等内容。
```c
if(HAL_CAN_GetState(&hcan)==HAL_CAN_STATE_READY){
TxMessage.StdId = 0x321;
TxMessage.ExtId = 0x01;
TxMessage.RTR = CAN_RTR_DATA;
TxMessage.IDE = CAN_ID_STD;
TxMessage.DLC = sizeof(TxData)/sizeof(uint8_t);
memset(TxMessage.Data,0,sizeof(TxMessage.Data));
for(int i=0;i<TxMessage.DLC;i++){
TxMessage.Data[i]=i+1;
}
if(HAL_CAN_AddTxMessage(&hcan,&TxMessage,TxMailbox)!=HAL_OK){
// Handle error here...
}else{
while(__HAL_CAN_TRANSMIT_STATUS(&hcan,TxMailbox)){
;// Wait until transmission is complete.
}
}
}
```
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