Give a brief example and explanation of how C Programs format output?

C programs format output using format specifiers that are defined in the "stdio.h" header file. These format specifiers are used to define the type of data that needs to be printed and the format in which it needs to be printed.

For example, the printf() function is commonly used to print output in C programs. The format specifier "%d" is used to print integer values, "%f" is used to print floating-point values, "%s" is used to print strings, and so on.

In addition to format specifiers, printf() also supports a variety of other options for formatting the output, such as specifying the width and precision of the output, aligning the output to the left or right, and so on.

Here's an example of how to use printf() with format specifiers to print integer and floating-point values:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
   int num = 42;
   float pi = 3.14159;
   
   printf("The answer is %d\n", num);
   printf("Pi is approximately %f\n", pi);

   return 0;
}

In this example, the "%d" format specifier is used to print the integer value of "num", and the "%f" format specifier is used to print the floating-point value of "pi". The "\n" character is used to print a newline character after each output. The output of this program would be:

The answer is 42
Pi is approximately 3.141590