TFT驱动代码

TFT（Thin Film Transistor）液晶显示屏需要驱动电路来控制其像素的亮度和颜色，驱动电路通常包括控制芯片、时钟信号、数据线和背光等。下面是一个简单的TFT驱动代码示例，使用STM32F4系列微控制器和ILI9341控制芯片来驱动TFT显示屏：

#include "stm32f4xx.h"
#include "stm32f4xx_gpio.h"
#include "stm32f4xx_spi.h"

#define TFT_WIDTH 240
#define TFT_HEIGHT 320

#define TFT_CS_PIN GPIO_Pin_2
#define TFT_CS_GPIO_PORT GPIOB

#define TFT_RST_PIN GPIO_Pin_1
#define TFT_RST_GPIO_PORT GPIOB

#define TFT_DC_PIN GPIO_Pin_0
#define TFT_DC_GPIO_PORT GPIOB

#define TFT_SPI SPI1

uint16_t tft_buffer[TFT_WIDTH * TFT_HEIGHT];

void TFT_Init(void)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    SPI_InitTypeDef SPI_InitStructure;

    RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_SPI1, ENABLE);

    // 配置TFT_CS、TFT_RST和TFT_DC引脚为输出模式
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = TFT_CS_PIN | TFT_RST_PIN | TFT_DC_PIN;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_OUT;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_NOPULL;
    GPIO_Init(TFT_CS_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    // 配置SPI1的SCK、MISO和MOSI引脚
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_5 | GPIO_Pin_6 | GPIO_Pin_7;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_NOPULL;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    // 将SCK、MISO和MOSI引脚映射到SPI1
    GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA, GPIO_PinSource5, GPIO_AF_SPI1);
    GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA, GPIO_PinSource6, GPIO_AF_SPI1);
    GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA, GPIO_PinSource7, GPIO_AF_SPI1);

    // 配置SPI1
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_Direction = SPI_Direction_2Lines_FullDuplex;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_Mode = SPI_Mode_Master;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_DataSize = SPI_DataSize_8b;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPOL = SPI_CPOL_Low;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPHA = SPI_CPHA_1Edge;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_NSS = SPI_NSS_Soft;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_2;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_FirstBit = SPI_FirstBit_MSB;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CRCPolynomial = 7;
    SPI_Init(TFT_SPI, &SPI_InitStructure);

    // 使能SPI1
    SPI_Cmd(TFT_SPI, ENABLE);

    // 初始化TFT显示屏
    TFT_Reset();
    TFT_WriteCommand(0x01);
    TFT_WriteCommand(0x11);
    TFT_WriteCommand(0x3A);
    TFT_WriteData(0x55);
    TFT_WriteCommand(0xB6);
    TFT_WriteData(0x0A);
    TFT_WriteData(0x82);
    TFT_WriteData(0x27);
    TFT_WriteCommand(0x36);
    TFT_WriteData(0x08);
    TFT_WriteCommand(0x29);
}

void TFT_Reset(void)
{
    GPIO_ResetBits(TFT_CS_GPIO_PORT, TFT_CS_PIN);
    GPIO_ResetBits(TFT_RST_GPIO_PORT, TFT_RST_PIN);
    Delay(10);
    GPIO_SetBits(TFT_RST_GPIO_PORT, TFT_RST_PIN);
    Delay(10);
}

void TFT_WriteCommand(uint8_t cmd)
{
    GPIO_ResetBits(TFT_CS_GPIO_PORT, TFT_CS_PIN);
    GPIO_ResetBits(TFT_DC_GPIO_PORT, TFT_DC_PIN);
    SPI_I2S_SendData(TFT_SPI, cmd);
    while (SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(TFT_SPI, SPI_I2S_FLAG_TXE) == RESET)
    {
    }
    while (SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(TFT_SPI, SPI_I2S_FLAG_BSY) == SET)
    {
    }
    GPIO_SetBits(TFT_CS_GPIO_PORT, TFT_CS_PIN);
}

void TFT_WriteData(uint8_t data)
{
    GPIO_ResetBits(TFT_CS_GPIO_PORT, TFT_CS_PIN);
    GPIO_SetBits(TFT_DC_GPIO_PORT, TFT_DC_PIN);
    SPI_I2S_SendData(TFT_SPI, data);
    while (SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(TFT_SPI, SPI_I2S_FLAG_TXE) == RESET)
    {
    }
    while (SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(TFT_SPI, SPI_I2S_FLAG_BSY) == SET)
    {
    }
    GPIO_SetBits(TFT_CS_GPIO_PORT, TFT_CS_PIN);
}

void TFT_FillScreen(uint16_t color)
{
    uint32_t i;
    TFT_SetAddressWindow(0, 0, TFT_WIDTH - 1, TFT_HEIGHT - 1);
    for (i = 0; i < TFT_WIDTH * TFT_HEIGHT; i++)
    {
        tft_buffer[i] = color;
    }
    TFT_WriteDataBuffer(tft_buffer, TFT_WIDTH * TFT_HEIGHT);
}

void TFT_SetAddressWindow(uint16_t x0, uint16_t y0, uint16_t x1, uint16_t y1)
{
    TFT_WriteCommand(0x2A);
    TFT_WriteData(x0 >> 8);
    TFT_WriteData(x0 & 0xFF);
    TFT_WriteData(x1 >> 8);
    TFT_WriteData(x1 & 0xFF);
    TFT_WriteCommand(0x2B);
    TFT_WriteData(y0 >> 8);
    TFT_WriteData(y0 & 0xFF);
    TFT_WriteData(y1 >> 8);
    TFT_WriteData(y1 & 0xFF);
    TFT_WriteCommand(0x2C);
}

void TFT_WriteDataBuffer(uint16_t *buffer, uint32_t size)
{
    uint32_t i;
    GPIO_ResetBits(TFT_CS_GPIO_PORT, TFT_CS_PIN);
    GPIO_SetBits(TFT_DC_GPIO_PORT, TFT_DC_PIN);
    for (i = 0; i < size; i++)
    {
        SPI_I2S_SendData(TFT_SPI, buffer[i] >> 8);
        while (SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(TFT_SPI, SPI_I2S_FLAG_TXE) == RESET)
        {
        }
        SPI_I2S_SendData(TFT_SPI, buffer[i] & 0xFF);
        while (SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(TFT_SPI, SPI_I2S_FLAG_TXE) == RESET)
        {
        }
    }
    while (SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(TFT_SPI, SPI_I2S_FLAG_BSY) == SET)
    {
    }
    GPIO_SetBits(TFT_CS_GPIO_PORT, TFT_CS_PIN);
}

需要注意的是，以上代码仅供参考，实际的TFT驱动代码需要根据具体的TFT型号、控制芯片和微控制器进行调整和优化。同时，液晶显示屏的使用和驱动也需要根据具体的应用和需求进行配置和调试。