一个由tk按钮指令控制的封装成函数的pygame俄罗斯方块小游戏

下面是一个简单的由tk按钮指令控制的封装成函数的pygame俄罗斯方块小游戏：

import pygame
import random

# 初始化pygame
pygame.init()

# 定义游戏窗口大小
WINDOW_WIDTH = 320
WINDOW_HEIGHT = 480

# 定义游戏区域大小
GAME_WIDTH = 10
GAME_HEIGHT = 20

# 定义每个方块的大小
BLOCK_SIZE = 20

# 定义游戏区域左上角坐标
GAME_X = (WINDOW_WIDTH - GAME_WIDTH * BLOCK_SIZE) // 2
GAME_Y = (WINDOW_HEIGHT - GAME_HEIGHT * BLOCK_SIZE) // 2

# 定义方块的颜色
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)
CYAN = (0, 255, 255)
MAGENTA = (255, 0, 255)

# 定义方块的形状
BLOCKS = [
    [[1, 1], [1, 1]],  # 方块
    [[1, 0], [1, 0], [1, 1]],  # L形块
    [[0, 1], [0, 1], [1, 1]],  # 反L形块
    [[1, 1, 0], [0, 1, 1]],  # Z形块
    [[0, 1, 1], [1, 1, 0]],  # 反Z形块
    [[1, 1, 1], [0, 1, 0]],  # T形块
    [[0, 1, 0], [1, 1, 1]]  # I形块
]

# 定义游戏区域
game_area = [[0] * GAME_WIDTH for i in range(GAME_HEIGHT)]

# 定义当前方块
cur_block = None

# 定义下一个方块
next_block = None

# 定义下落速度
speed = 1

# 定义分数
score = 0

# 定义字体
font = pygame.font.SysFont('SimHei', 20)

# 定义游戏窗口
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT))

# 定义游戏区域的矩形
game_rect = pygame.Rect(GAME_X, GAME_Y, GAME_WIDTH * BLOCK_SIZE, GAME_HEIGHT * BLOCK_SIZE)

# 定义游戏区域的背景色
game_bg_color = (0, 0, 0)

# 定义方块的边框宽度
block_border_width = 2


def get_block():
    """
    随机获取一个方块
    """
    return random.choice(BLOCKS)


def draw_block(block, x, y, color):
    """
    在指定位置绘制一个方块
    """
    for i in range(len(block)):
        for j in range(len(block[i])):
            if block[i][j] == 1:
                rect = pygame.Rect(x + j * BLOCK_SIZE, y + i * BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE)
                pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, rect, 0)
                pygame.draw.rect(screen, WHITE, rect, block_border_width)


def draw_game_area():
    """
    绘制游戏区域
    """
    pygame.draw.rect(screen, game_bg_color, game_rect, 0)
    for i in range(GAME_HEIGHT):
        for j in range(GAME_WIDTH):
            if game_area[i][j] != 0:
                color = get_color_by_index(game_area[i][j])
                rect = pygame.Rect(GAME_X + j * BLOCK_SIZE, GAME_Y + i * BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE)
                pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, rect, 0)
                pygame.draw.rect(screen, WHITE, rect, block_border_width)


def get_color_by_index(index):
    """
    根据方块的索引获取颜色
    """
    if index == 1:
        return RED
    elif index == 2:
        return GREEN
    elif index == 3:
        return BLUE
    elif index == 4:
        return YELLOW
    elif index == 5:
        return CYAN
    elif index == 6:
        return MAGENTA


def can_move_left(block, x, y):
    """
    判断方块是否可以向左移动
    """
    for i in range(len(block)):
        for j in range(len(block[i])):
            if block[i][j] == 1:
                if x + j <= 0 or game_area[y + i][x + j - 1] != 0:
                    return False
    return True


def can_move_right(block, x, y):
    """
    判断方块是否可以向右移动
    """
    for i in range(len(block)):
        for j in range(len(block[i])):
            if block[i][j] == 1:
                if x + j >= GAME_WIDTH - 1 or game_area[y + i][x + j + 1] != 0:
                    return False
    return True


def can_move_down(block, x, y):
    """
    判断方块是否可以向下移动
    """
    for i in range(len(block)):
        for j in range(len(block[i])):
            if block[i][j] == 1:
                if y + i >= GAME_HEIGHT - 1 or game_area[y + i + 1][x + j] != 0:
                    return False
    return True


def add_block_to_game_area(block, x, y):
    """
    将方块加入到游戏区域
    """
    for i in range(len(block)):
        for j in range(len(block[i])):
            if block[i][j] == 1:
                game_area[y + i][x + j] = cur_block_index


def remove_full_lines():
    """
    消除满行
    """
    global score
    lines = []
    for i in range(GAME_HEIGHT):
        if 0 not in game_area[i]:
            lines.append(i)
    for line in lines:
        game_area.pop(line)
        game_area.insert(0, [0] * GAME_WIDTH)
        score += 10 * speed


def game_over():
    """
    游戏结束
    """
    text = font.render('GAME OVER!', True, (255, 255, 255))
    x = (WINDOW_WIDTH - text.get_width()) // 2
    y = (WINDOW_HEIGHT - text.get_height()) // 2
    screen.blit(text, (x, y))
    pygame.display.update()
    pygame.time.delay(2000)


def game_loop():
    """
    游戏循环
    """
    global cur_block, next_block, cur_block_index, speed, score

    # 随机获取一个方块作为当前方块
    cur_block = next_block or get_block()
    cur_block_index = BLOCKS.index(cur_block) + 1

    # 随机获取一个方块作为下一个方块
    next_block = get_block()

    # 初始化方块的位置
    x = (GAME_WIDTH - len(cur_block[0])) // 2
    y = 0

    # 设置游戏循环标志
    running = True

    # 游戏循环
    while running:
        # 处理事件
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                running = False
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT and can_move_left(cur_block, x, y):
                    x -= 1
                elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT and can_move_right(cur_block, x, y):
                    x += 1
                elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN and can_move_down(cur_block, x, y):
                    y += 1
                elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
                    while can_move_down(cur_block, x, y):
                        y += 1

        # 判断方块是否可以向下移动
        if can_move_down(cur_block, x, y):
            y += 1
        else:
            # 将方块加入到游戏区域
            add_block_to_game_area(cur_block, x, y)

            # 消除满行
            remove_full_lines()

            # 判断游戏是否结束
            if game_area[0][GAME_WIDTH // 2] != 0:
                game_over()
                running = False
                break

            # 随机获取一个方块作为当前方块
            cur_block = next_block
            cur_block_index = BLOCKS.index(cur_block) + 1

            # 随机获取一个方块作为下一个方块
            next_block = get_block()

            # 初始化方块的位置
            x = (GAME_WIDTH - len(cur_block[0])) // 2
            y = 0

        # 绘制游戏区域
        draw_game_area()

        # 绘制当前方块
        draw_block(cur_block, GAME_X + x * BLOCK_SIZE, GAME_Y + y * BLOCK_SIZE, get_color_by_index(cur_block_index))

        # 绘制下一个方块
        draw_block(next_block, GAME_X + GAME_WIDTH * BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE, GAME_Y + BLOCK_SIZE, get_color_by_index(BLOCKS.index(next_block) + 1))

        # 绘制分数
        score_text = font.render('Score: ' + str(score), True, (255, 255, 255))
        screen.blit(score_text, (20, 20))

        # 刷新屏幕
        pygame.display.update()

        # 设置游戏帧率
        pygame.time.Clock().tick(30 * speed)


def start_game():
    """
    开始游戏
    """
    global game_area, score
    game_area = [[0] * GAME_WIDTH for i in range(GAME_HEIGHT)]
    score = 0
    game_loop()


# 定义开始游戏按钮的回调函数
def start_game_callback():
    start_game()


# 创建开始游戏按钮
start_button = tkinter.Button(text='开始游戏', command=start_game_callback)
start_button.pack()

# 进入主循环
pygame.display.set_caption('俄罗斯方块')
pygame.display.set_icon(pygame.image.load('icon.png'))
pygame.display.flip()
while True:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            exit()
    pygame.display.update()

在上面的代码中，我们使用了一个`tkinter`按钮来控制游戏的开始和结束。当点击开始游戏按钮时，调用`start_game_callback`函数开始游戏。在游戏循环中，我们使用了`pygame.time.Clock().tick()`函数来控制游戏的帧率，从而控制游戏的速度。同时，我们还定义了一些函数来处理游戏逻辑，如获取方块、绘制方块、判断方块是否可以移动、将方块加入到游戏区域、消除满行、判断游戏是否结束等。最后，在游戏结束时，我们使用了`pygame.time.delay()`函数来延迟2秒，以便玩家能够看到游戏结束的提示。