stm32如何使用定时器来写呼吸道
时间: 2024-06-12 18:04:14 浏览: 45
呼吸灯是一种常见的LED灯效果,可以通过调整LED灯的亮度和暗度来模拟人类呼吸的变化。在STM32中,可以使用定时器来实现呼吸灯效果。
具体步骤如下:
1. 配置定时器:选择合适的定时器,设置预分频器和计数器,以实现所需的周期和频率。
2. 配置PWM输出:选择合适的IO口,将其配置为PWM输出模式,设置占空比为0。
3. 编写中断函数:在定时器溢出时,改变PWM输出的占空比,使LED灯的亮度逐渐增加或减小。
4. 启动定时器:启动定时器,开始呼吸灯效果。
代码示例:
```c
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#define LED_GPIO_PORT GPIOB
#define LED_GPIO_PIN GPIO_Pin_0
#define TIM_PERIOD 1000 // 定时器周期
#define PWM_PERIOD 100 // PWM周期
uint16_t pwm_duty = 0; // PWM占空比
void TIM2_IRQHandler(void)
{
if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update) != RESET)
{
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update);
if (pwm_duty < PWM_PERIOD)
{
pwm_duty++;
}
else
{
pwm_duty = 0;
}
TIM_SetCompare1(TIM2, pwm_duty);
}
}
int main(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStructure;
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM2, ENABLE);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = LED_GPIO_PIN;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
GPIO_Init(LED_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);
TIM_DeInit(TIM2);
TIM_TimeBaseStructInit(&TIM_TimeBaseStructure);
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = TIM_PERIOD - 1;
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = SystemCoreClock / (TIM_PERIOD * 1000) - 1;
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0;
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM2, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure);
TIM_OCStructInit(&TIM_OCInitStructure);
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_PWM1;
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable;
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = pwm_duty;
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_High;
TIM_OC1Init(TIM2, &TIM_OCInitStructure);
TIM_ITConfig(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update, ENABLE);
TIM_Cmd(TIM2, ENABLE);
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM2_IRQn;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
while (1)
{
// do nothing
}
}
```
以上代码实现了一个呼吸灯效果,其中TIM_PERIOD为定时器周期,PWM_PERIOD为PWM周期,pwm_duty为PWM占空比。在中断函数中,每次改变pwm_duty的值,以实现呼吸灯的效果。需要注意的是,由于PWM周期比较短,所以需要选择合适的预分频器和计数器,以保证定时器溢出的频率与PWM周期相同。
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