Python实现栅栏密码
时间: 2024-09-13 18:17:32 浏览: 56
栅栏密码Python代码
栅栏密码(Rail Fence Cipher)是一种简单的置换密码,它是通过将明文按照一定的规则排列成多行文字,然后按行读取来加密的。在解密时,再根据密文的长度和栏数(即栅栏的高度)还原成原文。具体实现方式如下:
1. 确定栅栏的高度(即栅栏数),比如2、3、4等。
2. 将明文按顺序分配到不同行中,每行字符依次排列。
3. 按照栅栏数,从上到下,从下到上交替读取字符,形成密文。
以栅栏数为2为例,明文"HELLOWORLD"加密过程如下:
```
H . . . O . . . R . . .
. E . L . W . L . D .
```
密文为"HORELWLDO"
解密时,根据栅栏数和密文长度,先创建相应高度的栅栏,然后按照密文的顺序填充到对应的栅栏中,再按行顺序读出原文。
Python实现栅栏密码的示例代码如下:
```python
def rail_fence_encrypt(plain_text, num_rails):
# 分割明文到不同栏中
rows = [''] * num_rails
# 当前栏的索引
current_rail = 0
# 方向标记:True为向下,False为向上
going_down = True
for char in plain_text:
rows[current_rail] += char
# 改变方向
if current_rail == 0 or current_rail == num_rails - 1:
going_down = not going_down
# 移动到下一行
current_rail += 1 if going_down else -1
# 拼接所有栏得到密文
return ''.join(rows)
def rail_fence_decrypt(cipher_text, num_rails):
# 计算每栏的字符数
num_chars = len(cipher_text)
num_rail_chars = []
for i in range(num_rails):
num_rail_chars.append((num_chars - 1) // (num_rails - 1) + 1)
num_rail_chars[0] += num_chars - sum(num_rail_chars)
# 分割密文到不同栏中
rows = list(cipher_text[:num_rail_chars[0]])
current_rail = 0
going_down = False
for i in range(1, num_rails):
# 移动到下一行
while len(rows[current_rail]) < num_rail_chars[i]:
current_rail += 1 if going_down else -1
going_down = not going_down
rows.append(cipher_text[num_rail_chars[0]:num_rail_chars[0] + num_rail_chars[i]])
# 重建明文
current_rail = 0
going_down = True
index = 0
decrypted_text = ''
for i in range(num_chars):
decrypted_text += rows[current_rail][index]
if current_rail == 0 or current_rail == num_rails - 1:
going_down = not going_down
index += 1 if going_down else -1
current_rail += 1 if going_down else -1
return decrypted_text
# 使用示例
plain_text = "HELLOWORLD"
num_rails = 3
cipher_text = rail_fence_encrypt(plain_text, num_rails)
print("密文:", cipher_text)
original_text = rail_fence_decrypt(cipher_text, num_rails)
print("解密后的原文:", original_text)
```
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