c++计算两个复数的四则运算

在C++中，计算两个复数的四则运算（加法、减法、乘法和除法）需要首先定义复数类，并包含实部（real）和虚部（imaginary）。以下是基本的步骤：

#include <iostream>

// 定义复数类
class Complex {
public:
    double real; // 实部
    double imaginary; // 虚部

    // 构造函数
    Complex(double r = 0, double i = 0) : real(r), imaginary(i) {}

    // 复数加法
    Complex operator+(const Complex& other) const {
        return Complex(real + other.real, imaginary + other.imaginary);
    }

    // 减法
    Complex operator-(const Complex& other) const {
        return Complex(real - other.real, imaginary - other.imaginary);
    }

    // 乘法
    Complex operator*(const Complex& other) const {
        return Complex(real * other.real - imaginary * other.imaginary,
                       real * other.imaginary + imaginary * other.real);
    }

    // 除法，假设除数非零
    Complex operator/(const Complex& other) const {
        double denominator = other.real * other.real + other.imaginary * other.imaginary;
        return Complex((real * other.real + imaginary * other.imaginary) / denominator,
                       (imaginary * other.real - real * other.imaginary) / denominator);
    }
};

int main() {
    Complex num1(3, 4); // 复数3 + 4i
    Complex num2(1, -2); // 复数1 - 2i

    // 执行四则运算并打印结果
    Complex sum = num1 + num2;
    Complex difference = num1 - num2;
    Complex product = num1 * num2;
    if (product.real != 0 && product.imaginary != 0) { // 防止除数为零
        Complex quotient = num1 / num2;
        std::cout << "Sum: " << sum.real << "+" << sum.imaginary << "i\n";
        std::cout << "Difference: " << difference.real << "+" << difference.imaginary << "i\n";
        std::cout << "Product: " << product.real << "+" << product.imaginary << "i\n";
        std::cout << "Quotient: " << quotient.real << "+" << quotient.imaginary << "i\n";
    } else {
        std::cout << "Cannot divide by zero.\n";
    }

    return 0;
}