设计一段程序来模拟优先级调度算法和时间片轮转算法。要求可以指定进程的数量、各进程需要CPU的时间和各进程的优先级。
时间: 2024-09-23 18:14:13 浏览: 27
为了设计这样一个程序,我们可以选择Python作为编程语言,因为它有清晰的语法和丰富的库支持。我们将创建两个类:`PriorityScheduling` 和 `RoundRobinScheduling`,分别代表优先级调度算法和时间片轮转算法。在这个示例中,我们假设有一个进程列表,每个进程都有一个名称、CPU需求、优先级和已经运行的时间。
```python
import random
class Process:
def __init__(self, name, cpu_time, priority):
self.name = name
self.cpu_time = cpu_time
self.priority = priority
self.runtime = 0
class PriorityScheduling:
def __init__(self, processes):
self.processes = sorted(processes, key=lambda p: -p.priority)
def schedule(self, time_slice):
running_process = None
for process in self.processes:
if not running_process or (process.cpu_time <= time_slice and running_process.runtime < process.cpu_time):
running_process = process
running_process.runtime += time_slice
print(f"{running_process.name} starts with priority {running_process.priority}")
elif running_process.runtime >= process.cpu_time:
print(f"{running_process.name} completes")
running_process = None
print("Time slice ends")
class RoundRobinScheduling:
def __init__(self, processes, time_slice):
self.time_slice = time_slice
self.current_process = None
self.next_process = None
self.processes = processes.copy()
def schedule(self):
while self.processes:
self.current_process = self.next_process
self.next_process = self.processes[0] if not self.current_process else self.processes[(self.processes.index(self.current_process) + 1) % len(self.processes)]
if self.current_process:
if self.current_process.runtime + self.time_slice > self.current_process.cpu_time:
self.current_process.runtime = self.current_process.cpu_time
else:
self.current_process.runtime += self.time_slice
print(f"{self.current_process.name} runs for {self.time_slice}s")
else:
print("All processes have completed their cycles")
# 示例使用
processes = [
Process("P1", 5, 3),
Process("P2", 8, 2),
Process("P3", 4, 1)
]
priority_scheduler = PriorityScheduling(processes)
time_slice = 2
priority_scheduler.schedule(time_slice)
rr_scheduler = RoundRobinScheduling(processes, time_slice)
rr_scheduler.schedule()
```
在这个程序中,你可以通过改变`processes`列表中的进程数据来模拟不同的情况。然后调用相应的调度器来模拟它们的工作流程。