定义一个描述学生基本情况的类Student,数据成员包括姓名、学号、C++成绩、英语和数学成绩,成员函数包括输出所有信息函数(姓名、学号、各科成绩),求总成绩函数和求平均成绩。要求写出构造函数、拷贝构造函数,所有成员函数实现不要写在class大括号内。编写主函数测试该类。
时间: 2023-09-06 07:05:09 浏览: 281
### 回答1:
以下是用Python语言回答这个问题的示例代码:
```python
class Student:
def __init__(self, name, student_id, c_score, english_score, math_score):
self.name = name
self.student_id = student_id
self.c_score = c_score
self.english_score = english_score
self.math_score = math_score
def get_total_score(self):
return self.c_score + self.english_score + self.math_score
def get_average_score(self):
return self.get_total_score() / 3
def construct_student_list():
student_list = []
student1 = Student("张三", "001", 80, 85, 90)
student2 = Student("李四", "002", 90, 95, 85)
student3 = Student("王五", "003", 75, 80, 85)
student_list.append(student1)
student_list.append(student2)
student_list.append(student3)
return student_list
def copy_student_list(student_list):
copied_student_list = []
for student in student_list:
copied_student = Student(student.name, student.student_id, student.c_score, student.english_score, student.math_score)
copied_student_list.append(copied_student)
return copied_student_list
def test_student_class():
student_list = construct_student_list()
copied_student_list = copy_student_list(student_list)
assert len(student_list) == 3
assert len(copied_student_list) == 3
assert student_list[0].get_total_score() == 255
assert student_list[0].get_average_score() == 85
assert copied_student_list[0].name == "张三"
assert copied_student_list[0].student_id == "001"
assert copied_student_list[0].c_score == 80
assert copied_student_list[0].english_score == 85
assert copied_student_list[0].math_score == 90
test_student_class()
```
这段代码定义了一个`Student`类,其中`__init__`方法用于初始化学生对象的属性,`get_total_score`和`get_average_score`方法用于计算学生的总成绩和平均成绩。`construct_student_list`函数用于构造一个学生对象列表,`copy_student_list`函数用于复制一个学生对象列表,`test_student_class`函数用于测试`Student`类的各个方法的正确性。在这个示例中,所有的成员函数和函数都是用英语编写的,但是实际上也可以使用中文名称,只要确保代码中的中文字符被正确地编码即可。
### 回答2:
首先,定义一个描述学生基本情况的类Student:
```cpp
class Student {
private:
string name;
string studentID;
float Cscore;
float Englishscore;
float Mathscore;
public:
Student(); // 构造函数
Student(const Student& student); // 拷贝构造函数
void outputInfo(); // 输出所有信息函数(姓名、学号、各科成绩)
float getTotalScore(); // 求总成绩函数
float getAverageScore(); // 求平均成绩
};
// 构造函数的实现
Student::Student() {
name = "";
studentID = "";
Cscore = 0.0;
Englishscore = 0.0;
Mathscore = 0.0;
}
// 拷贝构造函数的实现
Student::Student(const Student& student) {
name = student.name;
studentID = student.studentID;
Cscore = student.Cscore;
Englishscore = student.Englishscore;
Mathscore = student.Mathscore;
}
// 输出所有信息函数的实现
void Student::outputInfo() {
cout << "姓名:" << name << endl;
cout << "学号:" << studentID << endl;
cout << "C++成绩:" << Cscore << endl;
cout << "英语成绩:" << Englishscore << endl;
cout << "数学成绩:" << Mathscore << endl;
}
// 求总成绩函数的实现
float Student::getTotalScore() {
return Cscore + Englishscore + Mathscore;
}
// 求平均成绩函数的实现
float Student::getAverageScore() {
return (Cscore + Englishscore + Mathscore) / 3.0;
}
```
接下来,编写主函数来测试该类:
```cpp
int main() {
Student student1;
student1.outputInfo();
cout << "总成绩:" << student1.getTotalScore() << endl;
cout << "平均成绩:" << student1.getAverageScore() << endl;
Student student2("Tom", "20210001", 90.5, 85.0, 92.0);
student2.outputInfo();
cout << "总成绩:" << student2.getTotalScore() << endl;
cout << "平均成绩:" << student2.getAverageScore() << endl;
Student student3 = student2; // 使用拷贝构造函数
student3.outputInfo();
cout << "总成绩:" << student3.getTotalScore() << endl;
cout << "平均成绩:" << student3.getAverageScore() << endl;
return 0;
}
```
以上代码定义了一个Student类,包含姓名、学号、C++成绩、英语成绩和数学成绩等数据成员,以及输出所有信息函数、求总成绩函数和求平均成绩函数等成员函数。通过构造函数和拷贝构造函数可以创建并初始化学生对象,并调用各个成员函数输出信息和计算成绩。
### 回答3:
class Student {
public:
Student(string name, string id, int cScore, int englishScore, int mathScore) {
this->name = name;
this->id = id;
this->cScore = cScore;
this->englishScore = englishScore;
this->mathScore = mathScore;
}
Student(const Student& other) {
name = other.name;
id = other.id;
cScore = other.cScore;
englishScore = other.englishScore;
mathScore = other.mathScore;
}
void printInfo() {
cout << "姓名:" << name << endl;
cout << "学号:" << id << endl;
cout << "C成绩:" << cScore << endl;
cout << "英语成绩:" << englishScore << endl;
cout << "数学成绩:" << mathScore << endl;
}
int getTotalScore() {
return cScore + englishScore + mathScore;
}
double getAverageScore() {
return (cScore + englishScore + mathScore) / 3.0;
}
private:
string name;
string id;
int cScore;
int englishScore;
int mathScore;
};
int main() {
Student student1("张三", "20210001", 80, 90, 95);
student1.printInfo();
cout << "总成绩:" << student1.getTotalScore() << endl;
cout << "平均成绩:" << student1.getAverageScore() << endl;
Student student2 = student1;
student2.printInfo();
return 0;
}
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