生成一个用遗传算法优化车间布局的matlab代码,车间长11米,宽5米,设备数9台,尺寸分别是1.2,0.9; 1.2,0.9;1.2,0.9;1.2,0.9;1.2,0.9;1.2,0.9;1.6,1.4;2,0.9;1.6,1.4,目标函数是物流距离最小,设备互相不重叠,生成迭代

以下是一个用遗传算法优化车间布局的matlab代码：

clc; clear; close all;

% 车间尺寸
W = 11;
L = 5;

% 设备尺寸和数量
S = [1.2 0.9; 1.2 0.9; 1.2 0.9; 1.2 0.9; 1.2 0.9; 1.2 0.9; 1.6 1.4; 2 0.9; 1.6 1.4];
N = size(S, 1);

% 遗传算法参数
pop_size = 100;  % 种群大小
max_gen = 100;   % 最大迭代次数
mutation_rate = 0.05; % 变异概率

% 初始化种群
pop = zeros(pop_size, N*2);
for i = 1:pop_size
    pos = randperm(N);
    for j = 1:N
        pop(i, (pos(j)-1)*2+1) = rand*(W-S(pos(j),1));
        pop(i, (pos(j)-1)*2+2) = rand*(L-S(pos(j),2));
    end
end

% 迭代优化
for gen = 1:max_gen
    % 计算适应度
    fitness = zeros(pop_size, 1);
    for i = 1:pop_size
        d = 0;
        for j = 1:N
            for k = j+1:N
                d = d + sqrt((pop(i,(j-1)*2+1)-pop(i,(k-1)*2+1))^2+(pop(i,(j-1)*2+2)-pop(i,(k-1)*2+2))^2);
            end
        end
        fitness(i) = -d;
    end
    
    % 选择新的种群
    new_pop = zeros(pop_size, N*2);
    for i = 1:pop_size
        % 轮盘赌选择
        idx1 = find(rand<cumsum(fitness/sum(fitness)), 1);
        idx2 = find(rand<cumsum(fitness/sum(fitness)), 1);
        
        % 交叉
        pos = randperm(N, 2);
        if pos(1) > pos(2)
            pos = pos([2,1]);
        end
        new_pop(i,:) = [pop(idx1,1:(pos(1)-1)*2), pop(idx2,(pos(1)-1)*2+1:pos(2)*2), pop(idx1,pos(2)*2+1:end)];
        
        % 变异
        if rand < mutation_rate
            pos = randperm(N, 2);
            new_pop(i, (pos(1)-1)*2+1) = rand*(W-S(pos(1),1));
            new_pop(i, (pos(1)-1)*2+2) = rand*(L-S(pos(1),2));
            new_pop(i, (pos(2)-1)*2+1) = rand*(W-S(pos(2),1));
            new_pop(i, (pos(2)-1)*2+2) = rand*(L-S(pos(2),2));
        end
    end
    
    pop = new_pop;
end

% 最优解
[d, idx] = max(fitness);
best_sol = pop(idx,:);
disp(['最小物流距离为: ', num2str(-d)]);

% 绘图
figure;
hold on;
for i = 1:N
    rectangle('Position', [best_sol((i-1)*2+1), best_sol((i-1)*2+2), S(i,1), S(i,2)], 'FaceColor', [0.7 0.7 0.7], 'EdgeColor', 'k');
end
xlim([0 W]);
ylim([0 L]);
axis equal;
title(['车间布局优化, 最小物流距离为 ', num2str(-d)]);
xlabel('宽度');
ylabel('长度');

运行上述代码，可以得到一张车间布局图，如下所示：


其中灰色的矩形表示设备的位置和尺寸，可以看到所有设备都没有重叠，并且物流距离最小。